Richardsonius balteatus: NatureServe

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Richardsonius Balteatus

VARIATION IN ANAL FIN RAY COUNT OF THE REDSIDE SHINER RICHARDSONIUS BALTEATUS (RICHARDSON)

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Lindsey
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Introduced Populations ◽  
Fin Ray ◽  
Parent Stock ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Redside Shiner ◽  
Richardsonius Balteatus ◽  
Bodies Of Water ◽  
Different Parts

Anal fin rays were counted on 4766 specimens of Richardsonius balteatus from 61 localities in British Columbia. Individual counts varied from 10 to 21, and mean counts of different populations varied from 12.06 to 17.51. Significant differences in counts occurred between different bodies of water, between recently introduced populations and their parent stock, between different parts of the same lake, and between different year classes. Ray counts tended to be higher amongst females in populations with high over-all means, and higher amongst males in populations with low over-all means. A positive correlation was demonstrated between water temperatures recorded in the vicinity of developing fry and the mean numbers of anal rays produced. Within each latitudinal zone a similar correlation occurred between mean ray count and average air temperature during the spawning season, but data on 109 means of populations in U.S.A. and Canada indicated a tendency, probably genetic, towards production, at equivalent temperature, of higher ray count towards the northern end of the range. Loose correlations between anal ray count and certain other morphological characteristics suggest that these may be dependent on more or less common environmental factors but are not linked by direct causality.

scholarly journals Development of a quantitative PCR assay for detection of redside shiner (Richardsonius balteatus) from environmental DNA

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marshal S. Hoy ◽  
Carl O. Ostberg
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Qpcr Assay ◽  
Redside Shiner ◽  
Richardsonius Balteatus

Abstract Objective A quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay for the detection of redside shiner (Richardsonius balteatus) environmental DNA (eDNA) was designed as a side product of a larger project aimed at using eDNA to determine the presence and geographic extent of native and non-native fishes in the reservoirs and associated tributaries above the three mainstem dams (Ross, Diablo, Gorge) on the Skagit River, Washington, USA. The eDNA survey results can be used to help guide additional sampling efforts that include traditional sampling methods, such as electrofishing and netting. Results The redside shiner qPCR assay (RSSCOI_540-601) was validated by testing for sensitivity using redside shiner genomic DNA from three different populations and by testing for specificity against 30 potentially sympatric species. No non-target amplification was observed in our validation tests. We then evaluated the assay on field-collected water samples where there are known populations of redside shiner and a negative control site where the target species is known to be absent. The field-collected water samples tested positive at the redside shiner sites and tested negative at the negative control site. The assay could provide resource managers with an effective means for surveying and monitoring redside shiner populations.

Redside shiner (Richardsonius balteatus) shoals provide a behavioral competitive refuge for subordinate juvenile steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig A Tinus ◽  
Gordon H Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Steelhead Trout ◽  
Natural Substrate ◽  
Stream Channels ◽  
Redside Shiner ◽  
Richardsonius Balteatus

We examined the relative effects of zero, three, and nine redside shiner (Richardsonius balteatus) on the aggression-related damage among three juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in aquaria at 15 and 20°C. No steelhead died when in the presence of nine redside shiner. When redside shiner were not present, mortality among the smallest steelhead was 80%. Thus, the survival of smaller juvenile steelhead was significantly enhanced by the presence of redside shiner. A second experiment was conducted in 6800-L stream channels at 15°C with natural substrate. In separate trials, 10 and 7 steelhead were held either alone or with 20 redside shiner. In the absence of redside shiner, fin damage was significantly greater among smaller steelhead. In both experiments, if a redside shiner group was present, the smallest steelhead frequently took refuge within the shiner group, thereby avoiding attack by dominant steelhead. We have termed this phenomenon a behavioural competitive refuge.

Myxobolid parasites (Myxozoa: Myxobolidae) infecting fishes of western Montana, with notes on histopathology, seasonality, and intraspecific variation

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 1915-1922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence G. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Western Montana ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Tissue Proliferation ◽  
Prosopium Williamsoni ◽  
Catostomus Macrocheilus ◽  
Redside Shiner ◽  
Richardsonius Balteatus ◽  
Cyst Rupture ◽  
Longnose Sucker

Cypriniform and salmonid fishes of the Columbia River drainage of western Montana harbor five members of the myxozoan family Myxobolidae. Myxobolus muelleri inhabits Ptychocheilus oregonensis (northern squawfish), Mylocheilus caurinus (peamouth), Richardsonius balteatus (redside shiner), and Catostomus macrocheilus (largescale sucker). Cysts appeared in gills, musculature, subcutis, and visceral mesenteries. Unencysted spores infiltrated mesenteries and viscera. Spore size and shape in the various tissues and hosts were highly varied. Muscle and subcutaneous cysts were associated with connective tissue proliferation and muscle degeneration; cyst rupture was associated with diffuse inflammation and rodlet cell proliferation. Infection prevalence in muscles and kidneys was high in adult and juvenile hosts (78–100%) throughout the year. Seasonal prevalence of gill and subcutaneous infections fluctuated markedly. Cysts of Myxobolus dujardini occurred in gills of the northern squawfish, peamouth, and redside shiner. Unicauda sp. was found in the eye capsule, gall bladder, mesenteries, and kidney of northern squawfish. Henneguya zschokkei occurred in intermuscular connective tissue of Prosopium coulteri (pygmy whitefish) and Prosopium williamsoni (mountain whitefish). Myxobolus sp. occurred in the gills of Catostomus catostomus (longnose sucker).

Feeding Activity and Rates of Digestion of Northern Squawfish (Ptychocheilus oregonensis)

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lance W. Steigenberger ◽  
P. A. Larkin
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Peak Activity ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
Redside Shiner ◽  
Richardsonius Balteatus ◽  
Rapid Evacuation

Trapnet catches of northern squawfish (Ptychocheilus oregonensis) at Griffen and Cultus lakes, British Columbia, indicated peak activity and feeding in the twilight and dark hours. At Griffen Lake, squawfish force-fed 2.0 g of redside shiner (Richardsonius balteatus), and held at 17–20 C, digested at a rate of roughly 14%/h. At Cultus Lake, squawfish trapped during the peak of feeding activity, and held at 10–12 C, were sacrificed at 6-h intervals, and showed a digestion rate of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) smolts of 14%/h. Larger fish ate larger volumes of food. Regression techniques are not completely adequate for describing the course of digestion, which apparently involves an initial period of retention of food, followed by a fairly rapid evacuation of most of the ingested material. Most fish cleared their stomach contents in 24 h, and one half had done so between 12 and 18 h. In the laboratory, squawfish force-fed rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) had rates of digestion which increased with temperature, from about 5%/h at 4–6 C, to 40–50%/h at 24 C. Larger weights of food were digested at slower rates, but there were no consistent differences in rate of digestion by different sizes of squawfish.The rates of digestion are higher than those reported for various predatory European fishes.

Life History of Redside Shiners, Richardsonius balteatus, with Particular Reference to Movements In and Out of Sixteenmile Lake Streams

1963 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1001-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Lindsey ◽  
T. G. Northcote
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Egg Deposition ◽  
Maximum Water Temperature ◽  
History Of ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
Richardsonius Balteatus ◽  
Downstream Movement

Movements of shiners through two-way traps on inlet and outlet streams of a small British Columbia lake were studied from 1956 to 1962. The date on which adults first entered the inlet each spring corresponded to the first rise of daily maximum stream temperature above 10 °C. Days on which increased numbers of shiners ascended the inlet were positively associated with days of rising daily maximum water temperature, and were not associated with water levels. Egg deposition occurred both in daylight and darkness. Downstream movement of shiner fry was greatest during periods of turbidity, and occurred largely during darkness. Shiners first spawned at age III or older; some lived to age V or VI. Number of adult shiners over 79 mm fork length was estimated by Petersen marking experiments to be about 13,000 in the 42-acre lake. A large interchange of adults took place in some years between the lake and parts of the watershed upstream; a small interchange occurred downstream. Many shiners entered a stream more than once each year. Many survived to spawn in two or more successive years. Movement into the streams varied markedly in different years and was small compared with the number of adults in the lake. Homing is suggested as a mechanism which determines the proportion of inlet-, outlet-, and lake-spawning in this species.

Inheritance of Muscle Proteins in Hybrids Between the Redside Shiner (Richardsonius balteatus) and the Peamouth Chub (Mylocheilus caurinum)

1968 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1317-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevin Aspinwall ◽  
H. Tsuyuki
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Hybrid Zones ◽  
Muscle Proteins ◽  
Hybrid Offspring ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Natural Hybrids ◽  
Backcross Hybrids ◽  
Redside Shiner ◽  
Richardsonius Balteatus

Selected muscle proteins were examined in artificially reared redside shiners, Richardsonius balteatus, peamouth chubs, Mylocheilus caurinum, and in their F1 and backcross hybrids to determine if they would be useful in identifying suspected natural hybrids. In reference to the proteins studied, Mylocheilus possesses a single zone designated "3"; Richardsonius also possesses a single zone designated "1," but of slower mobility. Artificially reared F1 hybrids possess, in addition to both parental zones, a unique zone designated "2" which was assumed to be composed of components of zones 1 and 3. Some naturally occurring individuals suspected of being hybrids on the basis of morphological characters possessed a pattern identical to that of the experimentally produced F1 hybrid (zones 1, 2, 3). Other suspected hybrids possessed either zones 1 and 2 or zones 2 and 3. These types of pattern corresponded to some of those produced by backcrosses to Richardsonius and Mylocheilus, respectively.The presence of both parental protein zones in the F1 hybrid indicates that each polypeptide can be synthesized when only half the alleles of each parent is present. This characteristic of codominance can be useful in identifying suspected hybrid offspring of parents having different protein zones.Evidence is presented which supports the hypothesis that the proteins in question are genetically controlled by two loci, A and B, each of which exists in two allelic forms.

The ecology of hybrids between the peamouth, Mylocheilus caurinus, and the redside shiner, Richardsonius balteatus, at Stave Lake, British Columbia, Canada

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevin Aspinwall ◽  
Douglas Carpenter ◽  
Judy Bramble
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Feeding Ecology ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Littoral Zone ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Redside Shiner ◽  
Richardsonius Balteatus

Extensive hybridization between the peamouth, Mylocheilus caurinus, and the redside shiner, Richardsonius balteatus, at Stave Lake, British Columbia, provided an opportunity to examine the ecology of hybrid fishes over a 26-year period. Spatial distribution and feeding ecology of the hybrids were compared with those of the parental species. At Stave Lake, M. caurinus was primarily oriented to the limnetic zone at all depths, while R. balteatus was oriented to surface waters in the littoral zone. The hybrids (F1 hybrids and hybrid backcrosses to M. caurinus combined) mimicked the M. caurinus pattern, being significantly more abundant in the limnetic zone. Adult M. caurinus consumed primarily zooplankton with occasional adult insects, while R. balteatus consumed primarily adult insects. The diet of hybrids was not significantly different from that of M. caurinus; they consumed large quantities of zooplankton and some insects.

scholarly journals Autumnal and Over-Winter Limnology of Three Small Eutrophic Lakes with Particular Reference to Experimental Circulation and Trout Mortality

1968 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. Halsey
Keyword(s):  
Eutrophic Lake ◽  
Oxygen Depletion ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
Fish Mortality ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Winter Mortality ◽  
Eutrophic Lakes ◽  
Winter Limnology ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Richardsonius Balteatus

The autumnal and over-winter limnological characteristics of two small eutrophic lakes differed considerably from those of a third eutrophic lake; all were close to each other in the southwest interior of British Columbia. Thermal and chemical stratification was well defined in Marquette and Corbett lakes because local topography provided protection from wind action; stratification in the more exposed Courtney Lake was ill defined. Average wind velocities during summer and autumn on Courtney Lake were 4.3 times as great as, and more unidirectional than, those on Corbett Lake and probably Marquette. Complete natural autumnal oxygenation and circulation in Courtney Lake provided comparatively high concentrations of dissolved oxygen which permitted the over-winter survival of Salmo gairdneri and Richardsonius balteatus. Although Marquette and Corbett lakes were isothermal in late autumn, oxygen concentrations were well below saturation levels and circulation was probably incomplete. Consequently oxygen depletion during winter was severe and S. gairdneri and Salvelinus fontinalis were subject to over-winter mortality.Experimental circulation of Corbett Lake, just prior to ice cover, confirmed the hypothesis that incomplete autumnal oxygenation is a cause of "winter kill" of fishes. Artificial autumnal circulation of the lake provided an oxygen concentration sufficient to prevent overwinter fish mortality. However, over-winter mortality of the entire fish population did occur in the control lake, Marquette (incomplete autumnal oxygenation) but not in Courtney Lake (complete autumnal oxygenation).

A long-term study of hybridization between the peamouth, Mylocheilus caurinus, and the redside shiner, Richardsonius balteatus, at Stave Lake, British Columbia

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 550-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevin Aspinwall ◽  
John D. McPhail ◽  
Allan Larson
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Allozyme Data ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Redside Shiner ◽  
Richardsonius Balteatus

Hybridizing populations of the peamouth, Mylocheilus caurinus, and the redside shiner, Richardsonius balteatus, from Stave Lake, British Columbia, were examined three times over a 26-year interval to determine (i) whether swamping or introgression was occurring, (ii) whether the hybrids were being continually produced, and (iii) whether the composition of the hybrid population was constant. The hybrids were present at all three sampling periods with a rate of hybridization of 5.7% in 1966–1967, 14.1% in 1982, and 6.7% in 1991. F1 hybrids comprised no less than 80% of the hybrids at each sampling period. The remaining hybrids were mostly hybrid backcrosses to M. caurinus. Analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) revealed that F1 hybrids were produced by females of both species, although not in equal proportions each year. Hybrid backcrosses to M. caurinus were more abundant as fingerlings than as adults, suggesting that selection is operating against them. After a 26-year interval, no evidence of swamping was detected when diagnostic morphological characters were employed. An analysis of allozyme data suggests that introgression is not occurring. The continued production of the hybrids over the three sampling periods suggests continuity in the environmental factors responsible for hybridization. Likewise, the greater proportion of F1 hybrids than backcrosses over the three sampling periods suggests a continued selective disadvantage of the backcrosses.

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