Redside shiner (Richardsonius balteatus) shoals provide a behavioral competitive refuge for subordinate juvenile steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig A Tinus ◽  
Gordon H Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Steelhead Trout ◽  
Natural Substrate ◽  
Stream Channels ◽  
Redside Shiner ◽  
Richardsonius Balteatus

We examined the relative effects of zero, three, and nine redside shiner (Richardsonius balteatus) on the aggression-related damage among three juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in aquaria at 15 and 20°C. No steelhead died when in the presence of nine redside shiner. When redside shiner were not present, mortality among the smallest steelhead was 80%. Thus, the survival of smaller juvenile steelhead was significantly enhanced by the presence of redside shiner. A second experiment was conducted in 6800-L stream channels at 15°C with natural substrate. In separate trials, 10 and 7 steelhead were held either alone or with 20 redside shiner. In the absence of redside shiner, fin damage was significantly greater among smaller steelhead. In both experiments, if a redside shiner group was present, the smallest steelhead frequently took refuge within the shiner group, thereby avoiding attack by dominant steelhead. We have termed this phenomenon a behavioural competitive refuge.

Interactions Between the Redside Shiner (Richardsonius balteatus) and the Steelhead Trout (Salmo gairdneri) in Western Oregon: The Influence of Water Temperature

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1603-1613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon H. Reeves ◽  
Fred H. Everest ◽  
James D. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
Steelhead Trout ◽  
Cool Water ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Similar Range ◽  
Redside Shiner ◽  
Richardsonius Balteatus

Water temperature influenced interactions between redside shiner (Richardsonius balteatus) and juvenile steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) (≥1 +) in the field and laboratory. Trout in cool water when shiner were absent and at intermediate water temperatures with shiner present occupied a similar range of habitats. Shiner alone in warm water occupied habitats similar to trout, but in the presence of trout occupied slower, deeper areas than when alone. In laboratory streams, production by trout was the same in the presence and absence of shiner in cool water (12–15 °C). In warm water (19–22 °C), production by trout decreased by 54% in the presence of shiner compared with when shiner were absent. Production of shiner in cool water decreased in the presence of trout, −0.3 g∙m−2∙d−1 together compared with 0.5 g∙m−2∙d−1 alone, but was not affected by the presence of trout in warm water. Trout distribution was not influenced by shiner in cool waters, but was influenced at warm temperatures. Shiner occupied all areas of the laboratory channels in the absence of trout in cool waters but were restricted to a few pools in the presence of trout. Distribution of shiner was not influenced by trout at warm temperatures.

VARIATION IN ANAL FIN RAY COUNT OF THE REDSIDE SHINER RICHARDSONIUS BALTEATUS (RICHARDSON)

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Lindsey
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Introduced Populations ◽  
Fin Ray ◽  
Parent Stock ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Redside Shiner ◽  
Richardsonius Balteatus ◽  
Bodies Of Water ◽  
Different Parts

Anal fin rays were counted on 4766 specimens of Richardsonius balteatus from 61 localities in British Columbia. Individual counts varied from 10 to 21, and mean counts of different populations varied from 12.06 to 17.51. Significant differences in counts occurred between different bodies of water, between recently introduced populations and their parent stock, between different parts of the same lake, and between different year classes. Ray counts tended to be higher amongst females in populations with high over-all means, and higher amongst males in populations with low over-all means. A positive correlation was demonstrated between water temperatures recorded in the vicinity of developing fry and the mean numbers of anal rays produced. Within each latitudinal zone a similar correlation occurred between mean ray count and average air temperature during the spawning season, but data on 109 means of populations in U.S.A. and Canada indicated a tendency, probably genetic, towards production, at equivalent temperature, of higher ray count towards the northern end of the range. Loose correlations between anal ray count and certain other morphological characteristics suggest that these may be dependent on more or less common environmental factors but are not linked by direct causality.

scholarly journals Development of a quantitative PCR assay for detection of redside shiner (Richardsonius balteatus) from environmental DNA

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marshal S. Hoy ◽  
Carl O. Ostberg
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Qpcr Assay ◽  
Redside Shiner ◽  
Richardsonius Balteatus

Abstract Objective A quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay for the detection of redside shiner (Richardsonius balteatus) environmental DNA (eDNA) was designed as a side product of a larger project aimed at using eDNA to determine the presence and geographic extent of native and non-native fishes in the reservoirs and associated tributaries above the three mainstem dams (Ross, Diablo, Gorge) on the Skagit River, Washington, USA. The eDNA survey results can be used to help guide additional sampling efforts that include traditional sampling methods, such as electrofishing and netting. Results The redside shiner qPCR assay (RSSCOI_540-601) was validated by testing for sensitivity using redside shiner genomic DNA from three different populations and by testing for specificity against 30 potentially sympatric species. No non-target amplification was observed in our validation tests. We then evaluated the assay on field-collected water samples where there are known populations of redside shiner and a negative control site where the target species is known to be absent. The field-collected water samples tested positive at the redside shiner sites and tested negative at the negative control site. The assay could provide resource managers with an effective means for surveying and monitoring redside shiner populations.

The effects of hatchery and wild ancestry and experience on the relative ability of steelhead trout fry (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to avoid a benthic predator

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 2476-2482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry A. Berejikian
Keyword(s):  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Predator Avoidance ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Test Period ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Steelhead Trout ◽  
Visual Exposure ◽  
Natural Stream ◽  
Relative Ability ◽  
Better Than

Differences in selection regimes between hatchery and natural environments and environmental stimuli, among other factors, have the potential to cause differences in predator avoidance ability between hatchery and wild steelhead trout fry (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In two separate laboratory experiments, fry raised from eggs of wild Quinault River steelhead trout survived predation by prickly sculpin (Cottus asper) significantly better than size-matched offspring of a locally derived hatchery population, which were reared under similar conditions. Wild fry also survived predation better than hatchery fry in natural stream enclosures over a 3-day test period. Experience, in the form of 50-min visual exposure to sculpin predation on "sacrificial" steelhead trout, improved the ability of fry from both populations to avoid predation by sculpin. Wild-experienced fry were eaten in the fewest number of trials followed by wild-naive, hatchery-experienced, and hatchery-naive fry. The results of this study are consistent with the hypothesis that innate predator avoidance ability has been negatively altered through domestication and that attempts to condition hatchery-reared steelhead to avoid predators may be limited for domesticated populations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document