scholarly journals Genetic Variation in Photoperiodism in Peromyscus leucopus: Geographic Variation in an Alternative Life-History Strategy

1999 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 1232-1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Heideman ◽  
T. A. Bruno ◽  
J. W. Singley ◽  
J. V. Smedley
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Life History ◽  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Peromyscus Leucopus ◽  
Life History Strategy

Geographic variation in life-history strategy of female roach, Rutilus rutilus (L.)

1990 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 853-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Vollestad ◽  
J. H. L'Abee-Lund
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Roach Rutilus Rutilus

scholarly journals Variation in levels of luteinizing hormone and reproductive photoresponsiveness in a population of white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus)

2010 ◽  
Vol 298 (6) ◽  
pp. R1543-R1548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Heideman ◽  
Julian T. Pittman ◽  
Kristin A. Schubert ◽  
Christen M. R. Dubois ◽  
Jennifer Bowles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Life History ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Artificial Selection ◽  
Wild Population ◽  
Peromyscus Leucopus ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
Life History Trait ◽  
Selection Line ◽  
In The Wild

Natural genetic variation in reproduction and life history strategies is a manifestation of variation in underlying regulatory neuronal and endocrine systems. A test of the hypothesis that genetic variation in luteinizing hormone (LH) level could be related to a life history trait, seasonal reproduction, was conducted on artificial selection lines from a wild-source population of white-footed mice ( Peromyscus leucopus ). Variation exists in the degree of suppression of reproduction by winter short-day photoperiods (SD) in wild-source individuals and in the laboratory population. In this population, most individuals from a photoperiod-responsive (R) artificial selection line are strongly suppressed reproductively in SD, while most individuals from a photoperiod-nonresponsive (NR) artificial selection line are only weakly reproductively suppressed in SD. We assayed levels of LH to test for genetic variation between lines that could contribute to variation in reproductive status in SD. Females from both lines were raised in long-day photoperiods (LD) or SD, ovariectomized under isoflurane anesthesia, and given estradiol implants. Levels of LH were significantly higher in the NR line than in the R line, indicating genetic variation for levels of LH. Levels of LH were higher in LD than in SD, indicating that levels of LH were sensitive to photoperiod treatment even with a controlled level of estradiol negative feedback. The results indicate that there is genetic variation in levels of LH that could be functionally important both in the laboratory in SD and in the wild population in winter. Thus genetic variation in levels of LH is a plausible causal factor determining winter reproductive phenotype in the wild population.

Stability and harvesting of competing populations with genetic variation in life history strategy

1989 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael O. Bergh ◽  
Wayne M. Getz
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Life History ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Competing Populations

scholarly journals Evolution in plant populations as a driver of ecological changes in arthropod communities

2009 ◽  
Vol 364 (1523) ◽  
pp. 1593-1605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc T.J. Johnson ◽  
Mark Vellend ◽  
John R. Stinchcombe
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Life History ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Directional Selection ◽  
Oenothera Biennis ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Arthropod Species ◽  
Ecological Changes ◽  
Evolution By Natural Selection

Heritable variation in traits can have wide-ranging impacts on species interactions, but the effects that ongoing evolution has on the temporal ecological dynamics of communities are not well understood. Here, we identify three conditions that, if experimentally satisfied, support the hypothesis that evolution by natural selection can drive ecological changes in communities. These conditions are: (i) a focal population exhibits genetic variation in a trait(s), (ii) there is measurable directional selection on the trait(s), and (iii) the trait(s) under selection affects variation in a community variable(s). When these conditions are met, we expect evolution by natural selection to cause ecological changes in the community. We tested these conditions in a field experiment examining the interactions between a native plant ( Oenothera biennis ) and its associated arthropod community (more than 90 spp.). Oenothera biennis exhibited genetic variation in several plant traits and there was directional selection on plant biomass, life-history strategy (annual versus biennial reproduction) and herbivore resistance. Genetically based variation in biomass and life-history strategy consistently affected the abundance of common arthropod species, total arthropod abundance and arthropod species richness. Using two modelling approaches, we show that evolution by natural selection in large O. biennis populations is predicted to cause changes in the abundance of individual arthropod species, increases in the total abundance of arthropods and a decline in the number of arthropod species. In small O. biennis populations, genetic drift is predicted to swamp out the effects of selection, making the evolution of plant populations unpredictable. In short, evolution by natural selection can play an important role in affecting the dynamics of communities, but these effects depend on several ecological factors. The framework presented here is general and can be applied to other systems to examine the community-level effects of ongoing evolution.

Environmental determinants of life history strategy: Distinguishing harshness and unpredictability

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Ellis ◽  
Jay Belsky ◽  
Gabriel Schlomer
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Environmental Determinants

The biogeography of human diversity in life history strategy.

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelio José Figueredo ◽  
Steven C. Hertler ◽  
Mateo Peñaherrera-Aguirre
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Human Diversity

Experimentally increased costs of parental care are shunted to offspring in species with extended care

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretchen F. Wagner ◽  
Emeline Mourocq ◽  
Michael Griesser
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Cost Of Care ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Trade Offs

Biparental care systems are a valuable model to examine conflict, cooperation, and coordination between unrelated individuals, as the product of the interactions between the parents influences the fitness of both individuals. A common experimental technique for testing coordinated responses to changes in the costs of parental care is to temporarily handicap one parent, inducing a higher cost of providing care. However, dissimilarity in experimental designs of these studies has hindered interspecific comparisons of the patterns of cost distribution between parents and offspring. Here we apply a comparative experimental approach by handicapping a parent at nests of five bird species using the same experimental treatment. In some species, a decrease in care by a handicapped parent was compensated by its partner, while in others the increased costs of care were shunted to the offspring. Parental responses to an increased cost of care primarily depended on the total duration of care that offspring require. However, life history pace (i.e., adult survival and fecundity) did not influence parental decisions when faced with a higher cost of caring. Our study highlights that a greater attention to intergenerational trade-offs is warranted, particularly in species with a large burden of parental care. Moreover, we demonstrate that parental care decisions may be weighed more against physiological workload constraints than against future prospects of reproduction, supporting evidence that avian species may devote comparable amounts of energy into survival, regardless of life history strategy.

scholarly journals Age‐related reproductive performance of the Adélie penguin, a long‐lived seabird exhibiting similar outcomes regardless of individual life‐history strategy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Kappes ◽  
Katie M. Dugger ◽  
Amélie Lescroël ◽  
David G. Ainley ◽  
Grant Ballard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Adélie Penguin ◽  
Adelie Penguin ◽  
Individual Life ◽  
Age Related
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