Mean sojourn time of packets in a computer communications network

1978 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 336-337
Author(s):  
J. Hoogwerf
Keyword(s):  
Sojourn Time ◽  
Computer Communications ◽  
Communications Network ◽  
Mean Sojourn Time

scholarly journals Test sensitivity of mammography and mean sojourn time over 40 years of breast cancer screening in Nijmegen (The Netherlands)

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
AMWM Aarts ◽  
SW Duffy ◽  
SME Geurts ◽  
DP Vulkan ◽  
JDM Otten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Markov Chain ◽  
Markov Chain Monte Carlo ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Sojourn Time ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Mean Sojourn Time

Objectives We investigated whether changes in mammographic technique and screening policy have improved mammographic sensitivity, and elongated the mean sojourn time, since the introduction of biennial breast cancer screening in Nijmegen, the Netherlands, in 1975. Methods Maximum likelihood estimation, non-linear regression, and Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation were used to estimate test sensitivity, mean sojourn time, and underlying breast cancer incidence in four time periods, covering 40 years of breast cancer screening in Nijmegen (1975–2012). Results Maximum likelihood estimation generated an estimated test sensitivity of approximately 90% and a mean sojourn time around three years, while the estimates based on non-linear regression and Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation were 80% and four years, respectively. All three methods estimated a rise in the underlying breast cancer incidence over time, with approximately one case more per 1000 women per year in the final period compared with the first period. Conclusions The three methods showed a slightly higher mammographic sensitivity and a longer mean sojourn time in the last period, after the introduction of digital mammography. Estimates were more realistic for the more sophisticated methods, non-linear regression and Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation, while the simple closed form approximation of maximum likelihood estimation led to rather high estimates for sensitivity in the early periods.

scholarly journals Mean sojourn time, overdiagnosis, and reduction in advanced stage prostate cancer due to screening with PSA: implications of sojourn time on screening

2009 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 1198-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Pashayan ◽  
S W Duffy ◽  
P Pharoah ◽  
D Greenberg ◽  
J Donovan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Sojourn Time ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Mean Sojourn Time
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