Adolescent Involvement in Legal and Illegal Drug Use: A Multiple Classification Analysis

The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA) symbolized a comprehensive change to the nation's welfare system. Despite several provisions within PRWORA that focus on the use of illegal drugs, few studies have attempted to identify the prevalence of illegal drug use among welfare recipients. Moreover, no scholarly works have compared rates of drug use in welfare-receiving populations to those of non-welfare-receiving populations with an objective measure of drug use. In the current study, urine specimens were collected from 1,572 arrestees interviewed through Houston's Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring (ADAM) Program in 1999. Drug positive rates are compared between welfare-receiving arrestees ( n = 116), non-welfare receiving arrestees living below the poverty level ( n = 539), and non-welfare receiving arrestees living above the poverty level ( n = 917). Welfare-receiving arrestees were more likely to be female, older, less educated, and to test positive for opiates and benzodiazepines than the other subgroups. Implications for welfare reform policy are discussed in light of the current findings.

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ANALISIS DETERMINAN PENDAPATAN PEKERJA MISKIN DI PROVINSI ACEH TAHUN 2015

Jurnal Perspektif Ekonomi Darussalam ◽

10.24815/jped.v2i2.6695 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 218-235

Author(s):

Rudi Hermanto ◽

Teuku Zulham ◽

Chenny Seftarita

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Agricultural Sector ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Working Hours ◽

Considerable Effect ◽

Working Poor ◽

Classification Analysis ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Multiple Classification Analysis ◽

Multiple Classification

The purpose of this study is to see how the demographic characteristics of the working poor in The Province of Aceh and analyze the factors that determines the income of the working poor as well as the influence of each of these factors. The data used is the data of the National Socioeconomic Survey (Susenas) in 2015 using the model of Multiple Classification Analysis (MCA). Descriptive analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between income and each independent variable gender, region of residence, marital status, age, education level, field of business, sector employment and working hours. MCA results indicate that the independent variables simultaneously significant effect on income. From 8 demographic variables studied, the undertaking of independent variables, sex, age and level of education have a considerable effect on the incomes of the working poor. In an effort to alleviate the working poor, it takes real action especially the improvement of education and vocational training, the development of the agricultural sector, increased investment in potential rural areas, and the development of informal sector.Penelitian ini bertujuan ingin melihat bagaimana karakteristik demografi dari pekerja miskin di Provinsi Aceh dan menganalisis faktor-faktor apa yang menjadi penentu pendapatan dari pekerja miskin serta besar pengaruh dari masing-masing faktor tersebut. Data yang digunakan adalah data hasil Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) 2015 dengan menggunakan model Multiple Classification Analysis (MCA). Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pendapatan dan masing-masing variabel bebas jenis kelamin, wilayah tempat tinggal, status perkawinan, umur, tingkat pendidikan, lapangan usaha, sektor pekerjaan, dan jam kerja. Hasil MCA menunjukkan bahwa variabel bebas secara simultan memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap pendapatan. Dari 8 variabel demografi yang diteliti, variabel bebas lapangan usaha, jenis kelamin, umur dan tingkat pendidikan mempunyai pengaruh yang besar terhadap pendapatan pekerja miskin. Dalam upaya pengentasan pekerja miskin, maka dibutuhkan tindakan nyata terutama peningkatan pendidikan dan pelatihan kerja, pengembangan sektor pertanian, peningkatan investasi di daerah perdesaan yang potensial, serta pengembangan sektor informal.

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Multiple Classification Analysis for Arbitrary Experimental Arrangements

Technometrics ◽

10.1080/00401706.1968.10490531 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 13-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hugh E. Bradley

Keyword(s):

Classification Analysis ◽

Multiple Classification Analysis ◽

Multiple Classification

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Does Drug Use Lower Wages?

ILR Review ◽

10.1177/001979399204500301 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 419-434 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

Andrew M. Gill ◽

Robert J. Michaels

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Drug Users ◽

Illegal Drug ◽

Longitudinal Survey ◽

Selection Effects ◽

Illegal Drug Use ◽

Employment Effects ◽

Soft Drugs ◽

Hard Drugs ◽

Unobservable Factors

This study, using microdata from the 1980 and 1984 waves of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, examines the effects of drug use on wages and employment. Contrary to most previous researchers' findings that illegal drug use negatively affects earnings, this analysis suggests that, once an allowance is made for self-selection effects (that is, unobservable factors simultaneously affecting wages and the decision to use drugs), drug users actually received higher wages than non-drug users. A similar analysis of employment effects shows that the sample of all drug users (which included users of “hard” and “soft” drugs) had lower employment levels than non-drug users, but the smaller sample consisting only of users of hard drugs, surprisingly, did not.

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