Japan's Aid Policy since the Cold War: Rhetoric and Reality

Asian Survey ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 1051-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven W. Hook ◽  
Guang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
War Rhetoric ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Aid Policy

Japan's Aid Policy since the Cold War: Rhetoric and Reality

Asian Survey ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 1051-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven W. Hook ◽  
Guang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
War Rhetoric ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Aid Policy

Human Rights Conditionality and Aid Allocation: Case Study of Japanese Foreign Aid Policy

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumitaka Furuoka
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Official Development Assistance ◽  
Economic Assistance ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Aid Policy

AbstractThis paper examines a new trend in Japan's Official Development Assistance (ODA) policy that emerged at the end of the Cold War. In 1992, the Japanese government adopted the "Official Development Assistance Charter," which obliged Japan to use its foreign aid to promote human rights, democracy, and freedom. Since the beginning of the 1990s, there have been cases when Japan imposed "human rights conditionalities" by increasing the amount of foreign aid to the recipient countries with good human rights records and reducing economic assistance to the countries with poor human rights practices. However, there remain doubts whether Japan is truly committed to use its aid power as leverage to ensure that democracy and human rights are respected by the governments of its aid recipients. This paper uses panel data analysis to examine whether the condition of human rights in aid-recipient countries has become one of the factors that influence Japan's ODA allocation. The findings reveal the lack of evidence to prove that the human rights condition in aid-recipient countries has influenced the allocation of Japanese aid.

scholarly journals THE UNITED STATES, BRITAIN, AND MILITARY ASSISTANCE TO NIGERIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 1065-1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCO WYSS
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cold War ◽  
The United States ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Burden Sharing ◽  
Military Assistance ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Aid Policy

AbstractIn Nigeria, Britain asserted its post-colonial security role during and immediately after the transfer of power, and remained responsible for assisting the Nigerian armed forces. While the Americans recognized Nigeria's potential as an important partner in the Cold War, they preferred to focus on development aid. Washington was thus supposed to complement British assistance, while leaving the responsibility for the security sector to London. But with the escalation of the Cold War in Africa, the Nigerians’ efforts to reduce their dependency on the United Kingdom, and Nigeria's growing significance for the United States in African affairs, this Anglo-American burden-sharing was increasingly questioned in Washington. The United States thus eventually decided to militarize its aid policy towards Nigeria. In analysing the militarization of US aid policy towards Nigeria, this article will, first, assess the Anglo-American relationship in the early 1960s; secondly, position Nigeria in American Cold War policy towards Sub-Saharan Africa; thirdly, question the role of military assistance in Washington's policy towards Nigeria and Africa; and fourthly, discover the regional and local factors that influenced policy-makers in Washington and London.

Reorienting Foreign Aid*

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Blodgett Bermeo
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Aid Effectiveness ◽  
Bilateral Aid ◽  
Development Framework ◽  
Quality Of Governance ◽  
Donor State ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Aid Policy

This chapter applies the theory of targeted development to foreign aid and analyzes bilateral aid allocation from 23 donors to 156 recipient for the period 1973–2012. The targeted development framework predicts that donors will use aid where it can most benefit themselves by decreasing negative spillovers from underdevelopment, and that this concern with spillovers will have grown as globalization has increased. The analysis shows that in the post-2001 period, donors give more aid to nearby countries and to those that are linked to themselves through trade, migration, or historical ties. These countries have an increased likelihood of transmitting spillovers to the donor state. This marks a change from the Cold War period, when non-development considerations were leading determinants of aid policy. The analysis also shows that donors alter the composition of aid based on the quality of governance in a recipient, consistent with an attempt to increase aid effectiveness.

The ODA Charter and changing objectives of Japan's aid policy in Sub-Saharan Africa

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bolade M. Eyinla
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
International Peace ◽  
Post Cold War ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Aid Policy ◽  
East West

The end of the Cold War freed donors' aid policies from the co-ordinate system of East/West competition around the world. As a result, it was no longer necessary for the United States and its allies to continue providing aid on ideological grounds and/or geo-strategic needs. In the post-Cold War era, it became necessary for donor countries to evolve new rationales to convince their sceptical publics of the continued necessity for aid. One such new rationale was the imperative of promoting democracy and good governance as a way of guaranteeing international peace and security. This article examines the Japanese response to this development by identifying the factors that led to the inauguration of the ODA Charter. Thereafter, the content and intent of the Charter is examined and its application in Sub-Saharan Africa is analysed to highlight the changing objectives of Japanese aid policy in the continent.

Berlin's Search for a "Democratic" Architecture: Post-World War II and Post-unification

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Howell-Ardila
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
World War ◽  
Post World War Ii ◽  
War Rhetoric ◽  
The Media ◽  
Nazi Past ◽  
The Cold War

Berlin 1948 and the longest airlift in history simultaneously usheredin the Cold War, with a divided Berlin its best-known symbol, andtransformed West Berliners in the eyes of the Allied world fromNazis to victims of Soviet aggression. By 1950, with Germany officiallydivided, political elites of the East (GDR) and West (FRG)took up the task of convincing their citizens and each other of thelegitimacy of their own governments. In spite of the primacy ofCold War rhetoric in the media of the day, however, the mostpressing challenge of postwar society for both sides lay in redefining—in perception, if not in fact—political and social institutions inopposition to the Nazi past.

scholarly journals The 'Reactive State' as Foreign Aid Giver: A Historical Analysis of the Aid Policy Regime (1953-1999) in South Korea

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-75
Author(s):  
Jisun Yi
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Policy Regime ◽  
Fragmented Structure ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Strategic Rhetoric ◽  
Aid Policy ◽  
Insight Into

Why are donor goverments eager to increase foreign aid and how do they justify aid increase? This essay present a historical insight into the bilateral donors' rhetoric behind aid expansion. south korea provides one critical case. Not with standing its imperssive aid growth over the last decade, the country has constantly failed to meet its annual commitment by a significant margin. This article argues that such policy behaviour might stem from its legacy as a 'reactive state.' During the cold War, the country's nascent aid policy regime produced expansionary but non-strategic rhetoric, due to its fragmented structure and lack of indigenenous policy rationales. such traits of the policy regime linger today, thereby continuously favouring overstimated aid targets ana outwardlooking aid initiatives.

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