Relationship between Pollen Frequency in Moss Polsters and Forest Composition in a Naturalized Stand of American Chestnut: Implications for Paleoenvironmental Interpretation

1991 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick L. Paillet ◽  
Marjorie G. Winkler ◽  
Patricia R. Sanford
Keyword(s):  
American Chestnut ◽  
Forest Composition ◽  
Paleoenvironmental Interpretation ◽  
Moss Polsters

Pollen Content of Moss Polsters in Relation to Forest Composition

1949 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry P. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Forest Composition ◽  
Pollen Content ◽  
Moss Polsters

Niche contraction of American chestnut in response to chestnut blight

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 614-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie L. Burke
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Cryphonectria Parasitica ◽  
American Chestnut ◽  
Forest Composition ◽  
Chestnut Blight ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Realized Niche ◽  
Invasive Pathogens

Invasive pathogens can cause native population declines and change native species distributions, but the spatial limitations posed by disease are rarely explored. This study explored spatiotemporal variation in American chestnut ( Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.) survival over an 80-year period in response to the introduction of an invasive pathogen, chestnut blight ( Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) Barr), and identified changes in its current realized niche compared with its original niche. A study area in southwestern Virginia, USA, sampled historically for chestnut abundance before blight invasion, was resampled and measured for topography, soil chemistry, and forest composition. Pre-blight chestnut abundance was not significantly correlated to current chestnut abundance, suggesting that chestnut survival rate was not constant across stands. Results indicated that chestnut’s niche has shifted toward dry, high disturbance sites on southern- to western-facing slopes. This study provides evidence that chestnut is being constrained to a portion of its former niche following chestnut blight introduction because of spatial heterogeneity in survival rate.

Remnant American Chestnut (Castanea dentata) Near the Historical Western Range Limit in Southwestern Tennessee

Castanea ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Robert G. Laport ◽  
David Smith ◽  
Julienne Ng
Keyword(s):  
Castanea Dentata ◽  
American Chestnut ◽  
Range Limit

NEW CHRONOLOGY AND PALEOENVIRONMENTAL INTERPRETATION OF THE HOMININ OCCUPATION SITE AT BARRANCO LEÓN, BAZA BASIN, SPAIN

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica C. Powers ◽  
◽  
David J. Anastasio ◽  
Josep M. Pares
Keyword(s):  
Paleoenvironmental Interpretation

PALEOENVIRONMENTAL INTERPRETATION OF TURRITELLINE GASTROPOD-DOMINATED ASSEMBLAGES (TDAS) FROM THE LA MESETA FORMATION (MIDDLE TO UPPER EOCENE), SEYMOUR ISLAND, ANTARCTICA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasnuva Ming Khan ◽  
◽  
Brendan M. Anderson ◽  
Warren D. Allmon ◽  
Jeffrey D. Stilwell
Keyword(s):  
Upper Eocene ◽  
La Meseta Formation ◽  
Paleoenvironmental Interpretation ◽  
Seymour Island

The politics of genetic technoscience for conservation: The case of blight-resistant American chestnut

2021 ◽  
pp. 251484862110249
Author(s):  
Jessica C Barnes ◽  
Jason A Delborne
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Plant Biotechnology ◽  
American Chestnut ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Neoliberal Capitalism ◽  
Political Outcomes ◽  
Genetic Technologies ◽  
Genetics And Genomics

Innovations in genetics and genomics have been heavily critiqued as technologies that have widely supported the privatization and commodification of natural resources. However, emerging applications of these tools to ecological restoration challenge narratives that cast genetic technoscience as inevitably enrolled in the enactment and extension of neoliberal capitalism. In this paper, we draw on Langdon Winner’s theory of technological politics to suggest that the context in which genetic technologies are developed and deployed matters for their political outcomes. We describe how genetic approaches to the restoration of functionally extinct American chestnut trees—by non-profit organizations, for the restoration of a wild, heritage forest species, and with unconventional intellectual property protections—are challenging precedents in the political economy of plant biotechnology. Through participant observation, interviews with scientists, and historical analysis, we employ the theoretical lens provided by Karl Polanyi’s double movement to describe how the anticipations and agency of the developers of blight-resistant American chestnut trees, combined with chestnut biology and the context of restoration, have thus far resisted key forms of the genetic privatization and commodification of chestnut germplasm. Still, the politics of blight-resistant American chestnut remain incomplete and undetermined; we thus call upon scholars to use the uneven and socially constructed character of both technologies and neoliberalism to help shape this and other applications of genetic technoscience for conservation.

scholarly journals Forest plant and macrofungal differences in the Greater and Lesser Khingan Mountains in Northeast China: A regional-historical comparison and its implications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Wang ◽  
Hui Wen ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Jingxue Sun ◽  
Jinghua Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northeast China ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Forest Composition ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Historical Comparison ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Total State ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Forest Plants

AbstractForests in Northeast China in the Greater and Lesser Khingan Mountains (GKM and LKM) account for nearly 1/3 of the total state-owned forests in the country. Regional and historical comparisons of forest plants and macrofungi will favor biological conservation, forest management and economic development. A total of 1067 sampling plots were surveyed on forest composition and structure, with a macrofungi survey at Liangshui and Huzhong Nature Reserves in the center of two regions. Regional and historical differences of these parameters were analyzed with a redundancy ordination of their complex associations. There were 61–76 families, 189–196 genera, and 369–384 species, which was only 1/3 of the historical records. The same dominant species were larch and birch with Korean pine (a climax species) less as expected from past surveys in the LKM. Shrub and herb species were different in the two regions, as expected from historical records. There was 10–50% lower species diversity (except for herb evenness), but 1.8- to 4-time higher macrofungi diversity in the GKM. Compared with the LKM, both tree heights and macrofungi density were higher. Nevertheless, current heights averaging 10 m are half of historical records (> 20 m in the 1960s). Edible macrofungi were the highest proportion in both regions, about twice that of other fungal groups, having important roles in the local economy. A major factor explaining plant diversity variations in both regions was herb cover, followed by shrubs in the GKM and herb-dominant species in the LKM. Factors responsible for macrofungi variations were tree density and shrub height. Vaccinium vitis-idaea and Larix gmelinii in the GKM but tree size and diversity were important factors in the LKM. Our findings highlighted large spatial and historical differences between the GKM and LKM in plant-macrofungal composition, forest structure, and their complex associations, which will favor precise conservation and management of forest resources in two region in the future.

Trust, Perceptions of Risks and Benefits, and Normative Acceptance of Approaches for Restoring American Chestnut Trees

Risk Analysis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua D. Petit ◽  
Mark D. Needham ◽  
Glenn T. Howe
Keyword(s):  
American Chestnut ◽  
Risks And Benefits

scholarly journals Over half of western United States' most abundant tree species in decline

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hunter Stanke ◽  
Andrew O. Finley ◽  
Grant M. Domke ◽  
Aaron S. Weed ◽  
David W. MacFarlane
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Temperate Forests ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Forest Disturbance ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Scale Transformation ◽  
Forest Composition

AbstractChanging forest disturbance regimes and climate are driving accelerated tree mortality across temperate forests. However, it remains unknown if elevated mortality has induced decline of tree populations and the ecological, economic, and social benefits they provide. Here, we develop a standardized forest demographic index and use it to quantify trends in tree population dynamics over the last two decades in the western United States. The rate and pattern of change we observe across species and tree size-distributions is alarming and often undesirable. We observe significant population decline in a majority of species examined, show decline was particularly severe, albeit size-dependent, among subalpine tree species, and provide evidence of widespread shifts in the size-structure of montane forests. Our findings offer a stark warning of changing forest composition and structure across the western US, and suggest that sustained anthropogenic and natural stress will likely result in broad-scale transformation of temperate forests globally.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document