Selfing, Outcrossing, and Mixed Mating in the Freshwater Snail Physa heterostropha: Lifetime Fitness and Inbreeding Depression

1997 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy R. Wethington ◽  
Robert T. Dillon
Keyword(s):  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Freshwater Snail ◽  
Mixed Mating ◽  
Lifetime Fitness

Kosteletzkya virginica displays mixed mating in response to the pollinator environment despite strong inbreeding depression

Plant Ecology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 203 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Jiang Ruan ◽  
He Li ◽  
Susan Mopper
Keyword(s):  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Mixed Mating ◽  
Kosteletzkya Virginica

Selection by parasites for clonal diversity and mixed mating

1994 ◽  
Vol 346 (1317) ◽  
pp. 271-281 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Reproductive Strategies ◽  
Deleterious Mutation ◽  
Clonal Diversity ◽  
Evolutionary Stability ◽  
Mixed Mating ◽  
Dioecious Populations ◽  
Cross Fertilization ◽  
Evolutionarily Stable

On theoretical grounds, coevolutionary interactions with parasites can select for cross-fertilization, even when there is a twofold advantage gained by reproducing through uniparental means. The suspected advantage of cross-fertilization stems from the production of genetically rare offspring, which are expected to be more likely to escape infection by coevolving enemies. In the present study, we consider the effects that parasites have on parthenogenetic mutants in obligately sexual, dioecious populations. Computer simulations show that repeated mutation to parthenogenesis can lead to the accumulation of clones with different resistance genotypes, and that a moderately diverse set of clones could competitively exclude the ancestral sexual subpopulation. The simulations also show that, when there are reasonable rates of deleterious mutation, Muller’s ratchet combined with coevolutionary interactions with parasites can lead to the evolutionary stability of cross-fertilization. In addition, we consider the effects that parasites can have on the evolution of uniparental reproduction in cosexual populations. Strategy models show that parasites and inbreeding depression could interact to select for evolutionarily stable reproductive strategies that involve mixtures of selfed and outcrossed progeny.

scholarly journals Low levels of inbreeding depression and enhanced fitness in cleistogamous progeny in the annual plant Triodanis perfoliata

Botany ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 405-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth H. Ansaldi ◽  
Jennifer J. Weber ◽  
Carol Goodwillie ◽  
Steven J. Franks
Keyword(s):  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Mixed Mating ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Annual Plant ◽  
Flower Type ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Selfing Species

The maintenance of outcrossing in cleistogamous plants that produce both open, facultatively outcrossing chasmogamous (CH), and closed, obligate selfing cleistogamous (CL) flowers is puzzling because CL reproduction is thought to be more reliable and less costly. A possible explanation for the maintenance of CH flowers is the avoidance of inbreeding depression. However, inbreeding depression for cleistogamous species has rarely been quantified. In this study, we estimate levels of inbreeding depression in plants from three populations of Triodanis perfoliata (L.) Nieuwl., a dimorphic cleistogamous annual, under greenhouse conditions. Estimates of inbreeding depression at multiple life stages in all three populations were low and often not different from zero. Inbreeding depression at specific life stages varied, with two populations showing later-acting inbreeding depression, which is also found in other selfing species. In two of the study populations, selfed CL progeny outperformed selfed CH progeny, indicating a flower-type effect. The low levels of inbreeding depression and the superior fitness of CL compared with selfed CH flowers that we observed make the maintenance of CH flowers in this system surprising, and suggest that other advantages of outcrossing CH flowers are likely responsible for maintaining mixed mating in this species.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF INBREEDING DEPRESSION IN MIXED-MATING PLANTS PROVIDES EVIDENCE FOR SELECTIVE INTERFERENCE AND STABLE MIXED MATING

Evolution ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 3339-3359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice A. Winn ◽  
Elizabeth Elle ◽  
Susan Kalisz ◽  
Pierre-Olivier Cheptou ◽  
Christopher G. Eckert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Mixed Mating ◽  
Selective Interference

scholarly journals NO CORRELATION BETWEEN INBREEDING DEPRESSION AND DELAYED SELFING IN THE FRESHWATER SNAIL PHYSA ACUTA

Evolution ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 2655-2670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Sebastián Escobar ◽  
Guillaume Epinat ◽  
Violette Sarda ◽  
Patrice David
Keyword(s):  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Freshwater Snail ◽  
Physa Acuta ◽  
Delayed Selfing

The Role of Inbreeding Depression in Maintaining the Mixed Mating System of the Common Morning Glory, Ipomoea purpurea

Evolution ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 1366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Mei Chang ◽  
Mark D. Rausher
Keyword(s):  
Mating System ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Morning Glory ◽  
Mixed Mating ◽  
Mixed Mating System ◽  
Ipomoea Purpurea ◽  
The Common

scholarly journals Life cycle expression of inbreeding depression in Eucalyptus regnans and inter-generational stability of its mixed mating system

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Rod Griffin ◽  
Brad M Potts ◽  
René E Vaillancourt ◽  
J Charles Bell
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Mating System ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Mixed Mating ◽  
Mature Trees ◽  
Mixed Mating System ◽  
Eucalyptus Regnans

Abstract Background and Aims Many plants exhibit a mixed mating system. Published models suggest that this might be an evolutionarily stable rather than a transitional state despite the presence of inbreeding depression, but there is little empirical evidence. Through field experimentation, we studied the role of inbreeding depression in eliminating inbred progeny from the reproductive cohort of the forest tree Eucalyptus regnans, and demonstrate a stable mixed primary mating system over two successive generations. Methods Two field experiments were conducted using seed from natural populations. We sowed open-pollinated seeds to simulate a natural regeneration event and determined isozyme genotypes of dominant and suppressed individuals over 10 years. We also planted a mixture of open-pollinated, outcross and selfed families with common maternal parentage; monitored survival of cross types over 29 years; and determined the percentage of outcrosses in open-pollinated seed from a sample of reproductively mature trees using microsatellite analysis. Key Results Both experiments demonstrated progressive competitive elimination of inbred plants. By 29 years, the reproductive cohort in the planted experiment consisted only of outcrosses which produced seed which averaged 66 % outcrosses, similar to the estimate for the parental natural population (74 %). Conclusions Selective elimination of inbred genotypes during the intense intra-specific competition characteristic of the pre-reproductive phase of the life cycle of E. regnans results in a fully outcrossed reproductive population, in which self-fertility is comparable with that of its parental generation. The mixed mating system may be viewed as an unavoidable consequence of the species’ reproductive ecology, which includes the demonstrated effects of inbreeding depression, rather than a strategy which is actively favoured by natural selection.

scholarly journals Inbreeding depression in adaptive plasticity under predation risk in a freshwater snail

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josh R. Auld ◽  
Rick A. Relyea
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Predation Risk ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Chemical Cues ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Freshwater Snail ◽  
Adaptive Plasticity ◽  
Plastic Response ◽  
Physa Acuta

While much attention has been paid to the effects of inbreeding on fitness, this has mostly come from a genetic perspective. Consequently, the interaction between inbreeding and the environment is less well understood. To understand the effects of inbreeding in natural populations where environmental conditions are variable, we need to examine not only how the effects of inbreeding change among environments but also how inbreeding may affect the ability to respond to environmental conditions (i.e. phenotypic plasticity). We reared selfed and outcrossed hermaphroditic snails ( Physa acuta ) in the presence and absence of chemical cues from predatory crayfish and quantified expression of an inducible defence, an adaptively plastic response to predation risk. Overall, inbred snails exhibited reduced defences, but more importantly, inbreeding reduced the expression of predator-induced adaptive plasticity. Inbreeding depression in defensive morphology was 26 per cent and inbreeding depression in the plasticity of this trait was 48 per cent. Inbreeding depression in adaptive plasticity may be important to understanding the effects of inbreeding in nature.

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