Blood Parasites, Health, Reproductive Success, and Egg Volume in Female Great Tits Parus major

1996 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reija Dufva
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Parus Major ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Egg Volume

Differences in reproductive success and parental qualities between habitats in the Great Tit Parus major

Ibis ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. RIDDINGTON ◽  
A. G. GOSLER
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Parus Major ◽  
Great Tit

Retardation of Breeding Onset in Great Tits (Parus major) by Blood Parasites

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 677 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Allander ◽  
G. F. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Parus Major ◽  
Blood Parasites

scholarly journals Haemosporidian infections affect antioxidant defences in great tits Parus major but are not related to exposure to aerial pollutants

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIELA DE ANGELI DUTRA ◽  
PATRÍCIA SILVEIRA ◽  
JAIME ALBINO RAMOS ◽  
JOSÉ PAULO SOUSA ◽  
ÉRIKA MARTINS BRAGA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Parus Major ◽  
Parasite Prevalence ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Pulp Mills ◽  
Antioxidant Defences ◽  
Extrinsic Factors

SUMMARY Haemosporidian parasites are widespread in avian species and modulate their ecology, behaviour, life-history and fitness. The prevalence of these vector-transmitted parasites varies with host intrinsic and extrinsic factors, such as host resistance and behaviour, and habitat-related characteristics. In this study, we evaluated the prevalence of avian haemosporidians in great tit Parus major populations inhabiting two areas with different degrees of exposure to aerial emissions from pulp mills, to assess if this type of pollution impacted parasite prevalence. We also compared the physiological condition of infected and uninfected individuals. Haemosporidian infection prevalence was high (58%), varied seasonally, but was not associated with air pollution exposure. Fledged birds presented higher infection rates than nestlings and infected fledged birds had higher levels of blood glutathione peroxidase activity. These results allow us to infer that infection by blood parasites may activate antioxidant defences, possibly to protect the organism from the negative oxidative stress side-effects of immune activation against parasites. Because oxidative stress is one of the mechanisms responsible for ageing and senescence and may affect fitness, the relationship between parasitism and oxidative stress markers should be further investigated through studies that include experimental manipulation of infection in model organisms.

Blood Parasites and Reproductive Success of Tengmalm's Owls: Detrimental Effects on Females but Not on Males?

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 420 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Korpimaki ◽  
H. Hakkarainen ◽  
G. F. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Blood Parasites

Mate Choice and Reproductive Success in the American Kestrel: a Role for Blood Parasites?

Ethology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 304-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Wiehn ◽  
Erkki Korpimáki ◽  
Keith L. Bildstein ◽  
Jorma Sorjonen
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Mate Choice ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
American Kestrel

scholarly journals Effect of age, haemosporidian infection and body condition on pair composition and reproductive success in Great Tits Parus major

Ibis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 162 (3) ◽  
pp. 613-626
Author(s):  
Romain Pigeault ◽  
Camille‐Sophie Cozzarolo ◽  
Olivier Glaizot ◽  
Philippe Christe
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Parus Major ◽  
Pair Composition ◽  
Effect Of Age

Clutch size and egg volume in great tits (Parus major) increase under low intensity electromagnetic fields: A long-term field study

2012 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Tomás ◽  
Emilio Barba ◽  
Santiago Merino ◽  
Javier Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Clutch Size ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Parus Major ◽  
Egg Volume ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Major Increase ◽  
Term Field

scholarly journals Exploring the unmapped DNA and RNA reads in a songbird genome

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika N. Laine ◽  
Toni I. Gossmann ◽  
Kees van Oers ◽  
Marcel E. Visser ◽  
Martien A.M. Groenen
Keyword(s):  
Reference Genome ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Parus Major ◽  
Great Tit ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Sequence Contigs ◽  
Unmapped Reads

AbstractBackgroundA widely used approach in next-generation sequencing projects is the alignment of reads to a reference genome. A significant percentage of reads, however, frequently remain unmapped despite improvements in the methods and hardware, which have enhanced the efficiency and accuracy of alignments. Usually unmapped reads are discarded from the analysis process, but significant biological information and insights can be uncovered from this data. We explored the unmapped DNA (normal and bisulfite treated) and RNA sequence reads of the great tit (Parus major) reference genome individual. From the unmapped reads we generated de novo assemblies. The generated sequence contigs were then aligned to the NCBI non-redundant nucleotide database using BLAST, identifying the closest known matching sequence.ResultsMany of the aligned contigs showed sequence similarity to sequences from different bird species and genes that were absent in the great tit reference assembly. Furthermore, there were also contigs that represented known P. major pathogenic species. Most interesting were several species of blood parasites such as Plasmodium and Trypanosoma.ConclusionsOur analyses revealed that meaningful biological information can be found when further exploring unmapped reads. It is possible to discover sequences that are either absent or misassembled in the reference genome and sequences that indicate infection or sample contamination. In this study we also propose strategies to aid the capture and interpretation of this information from unmapped reads.

scholarly journals Contrasting changes in reproductive success of birds in cities with reduced and increased human disturbance during the COVID-19 lockdown

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Seress ◽  
Krisztina Sándor ◽  
Ernő Vincze ◽  
Ivett Pipoly ◽  
Boglárka Bukor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Human Disturbance ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Parus Major ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Urban Habitat ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Induced Changes

Abstract The ubiquitous activity of humans is a fundamental feature of urban environments affecting local wildlife in several ways. Testing the influence of human disturbance would ideally need experimental approach, however, in cities, this is challenging at relevant spatial and temporal scales. Thus, to better understand the ecological effects of human activity, we exploited the opportunity that the city-wide lockdowns due to the COVID-19 pandemic provided during the spring of 2020. We assessed changes in reproductive success of great tits (Parus major) at two urban habitats affected strikingly differently by the ‘anthropause’ and at an unaffected forest site. Although anecdotic observations suggested that urban wildlife may benefit from reduced human mobility during the lockdown, our results do not support this. First, at one of our urban sites, the strongly (-44%) reduced human disturbance in 2020 (compared to a long-term reference period) did not increase birds’ reproductive output relative to the forest habitat where human disturbance was low in all years. Second, in the other urban habitat, recreational human activity considerably increased (+ 40%) during the lockdown and this was associated with strongly reduced nestling body size compared to the pre-COVID reference year. Analyses on meteorological conditions and the lockdown-induced changes in air pollution suggest that these factors are not likely to explain our results. Our study supports that intensified human disturbance can have adverse fitness consequences in urban populations. It also highlights that a few months of ‘anthropause’ is not enough to counterweight the detrimental impacts of urbanization on local wildlife populations.

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