Timing and Speed of Migration in North and West European Populations of Sylvia Warblers

1995 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thord Fransson
Keyword(s):  
European Populations ◽  
West European

scholarly journals Phenotypic Divergence among West European Populations of Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus: The Effects of Migratory and Foraging Behaviours

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. e63248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlio M. Neto ◽  
Luís Gordinho ◽  
Eduardo J. Belda ◽  
Marcial Marín ◽  
Juan S. Monrós ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Divergence ◽  
Emberiza Schoeniclus ◽  
Reed Bunting ◽  
European Populations ◽  
West European

Mitochondrial DNA relationships among North Palaearctic Eptesicus (Vespertilionidae, Chiroptera) and past hybridization between Common Serotine and Northern Bat

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2262 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARTYUSHIN I. V. ◽  
BANNIKOVA A. A. ◽  
LEBEDEV V. S. ◽  
KRUSKOP S. V.
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Nuclear Data ◽  
The West ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Taxonomic Implications ◽  
Kaliningrad Region ◽  
Mtdna Introgression ◽  
First Time ◽  
European Populations ◽  
West European

Interspecific hybridization was proposed as one of the explanations for the lack of differentiation between mtDNA of the morphologically divergent bats Eptesicus serotinus and E. nilssonii. However, only West European populations of these species were examined so far. The cytochrome b mitochondrial gene sequences of E. serotinus originating from Russia were compared with those of other North Palaearctic Eptesicus. Common serotines from the Caucasus, Central and South Russia constitute a separate monophyletic group, distinct from western E. serotinus populations, E. nilssonii, and also from E. isabellinus. Only a common serotine from Kaliningrad region proved to be a member of the West European clade. According to these results one may suppose that most of Russian population of E. serotinus escaped the hybridization event that led to fixation of alien mitochondrial genome in the West European populations. Given that (i) preliminary nuclear data support the distinction between E. serotinus and E. nilssonii and (ii) E. serotinus appears morphologically homogeneous throughout the European part of its range, we consider that this past mtDNA introgression has no direct taxonomic implications. For the first time included in a molecular phylogenetic analysis, E. gobiensis was shown to be a full species, related to E. nilssonii. From our mtDNA phylogenetic tree, the taxonomic validity of the subgenus Amblyotus appears doubtful.

scholarly journals Heterogeneous selection on exploration behavior within and among West European populations of a passerine bird

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (28) ◽  
pp. e2024994118
Author(s):  
Alexia Mouchet ◽  
Ella F. Cole ◽  
Erik Matthysen ◽  
Marion Nicolaus ◽  
John L. Quinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Parus Major ◽  
Passerine Bird ◽  
Box Plots ◽  
Exploration Behavior ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Animal Personalities ◽  
European Populations ◽  
West European

Heterogeneous selection is often proposed as a key mechanism maintaining repeatable behavioral variation (“animal personality”) in wild populations. Previous studies largely focused on temporal variation in selection within single populations. The relative importance of spatial versus temporal variation remains unexplored, despite these processes having distinct effects on local adaptation. Using data from >3,500 great tits (Parus major) and 35 nest box plots situated within five West-European populations monitored over 4 to 18 y, we show that selection on exploration behavior varies primarily spatially, across populations, and study plots within populations. Exploration was, simultaneously, selectively neutral in the average population and year. These findings imply that spatial variation in selection may represent a primary mechanism maintaining animal personalities, likely promoting the evolution of local adaptation, phenotype-dependent dispersal, and nonrandom settlement. Selection also varied within populations among years, which may counteract local adaptation. Our study underlines the importance of combining multiple spatiotemporal scales in the study of behavioral adaptation.

Increasing phylogenetic resolution still informative for Y chromosomal studies on West-European populations

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.H.D. Larmuseau ◽  
N. Vanderheyden ◽  
A. Van Geystelen ◽  
M. van Oven ◽  
M. Kayser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Resolution ◽  
European Populations ◽  
West European

Some Implications of Recent Work in Historical Demography

1959 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Krause
Keyword(s):  
Death Rate ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Vital Rates ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Demographic Patterns ◽  
Very High ◽  
European Populations ◽  
West European

Current population theory depends heavily on the hypothesis that a demographic revolution occurred in West European countries roughly between 1750 and 1880. According to this hypothesis, European death rates averaged at least 35 per 1,000 prior to 1750; hence, even very high birth rates did not enable populations to recover rapidly from the effects of catastrophes, which are supposed to have been frequent and intense. Only after the advances, mainly hygienic, which began about 1750 did the death rate commence a long-term decline. Because fertility remained high, West European populations grew more rapidly than they had ever done. Eventually, urbanization and industrialization sapped the forces which maintainted high birth rates, and low fertility became the major cause of low Western rates of growth.Since currently under-developed populations have high vital rates, it has been suggested that demographic principles are transcultural and that Western demographic patterns will be repeated.

Vocal phenotype of male rutting roars and genetic markers delineate East European red deer (Cervus elaphus) from Central and West European populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga S. Golosova ◽  
Marina V. Kholodova ◽  
Ilya A. Volodin ◽  
Elena V. Volodina ◽  
Eugeny Y. Likhatsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
East European ◽  
European Populations ◽  
West European

Prevalence of Factor V Leiden Mutation in Non-European Populations

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (02) ◽  
pp. 329-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guglielmina Pepe ◽  
Olga Rickards ◽  
Olga Camacho Vanegas ◽  
Tamara Brunelli ◽  
Anna Maria Gori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor V Leiden ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Factor V Leiden Mutation ◽  
The World ◽  
Fv Leiden ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
European Populations ◽  
Apparently Healthy

SummaryA difference in the prevalence of venous thromboembolism (TE) in major human groups has been described and an uneven distribution of FV Leiden mutation over the world has recently been reported.We investigated FV Leiden mutation in 584 apparently healthy sub#jects mostly from populations different from those previously investi#gated: 170 Europeans (Spanish, Italians), 101 sub-saharan Africans (Fon, Bariba, Berba, Dendi), 115 Asians (Indonesians, Chinese, Tharus), 57 Amerindians (Cayapa), 84 Afroamericans (Rio Cayapa, Viche), and 57 Ethiopians (Amhara, Oromo).The mutation was detected in only 1/115 Asian (Tharu) and in 5/170 Europeans (4 Italians, 1 Spanish).These data confirm that in non-Europeans the prevalence of FV mutation is at least 7 times lower than in Europeans and provide indirect evidence of a low prevalence not only of the FV Leiden gene but also of other genes leading to more severe thrombophilia. Finally, findings from the literature together with those pertaining to this study clearly show a marked heterogeneity among Europeans.

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