Modal Types and Ut, Re, Mi Tonalities: Tonal Coherence in Sacred Vocal Polyphony from about 1500

1992 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristle Collins Judd
Keyword(s):  
Modal Theory ◽  
Musical Tradition ◽  
Technical Vocabulary ◽  
Tonal Coherence ◽  
Analytical Approaches ◽  
Modal Types

An evaluation of Pietro Aron's understanding of "mode in polyphony" (Trattato della Natura et Cognitione di tutti gli tuoni [1525]) coupled with an analytical examination of Josquin's motet oeuvre leads to a new theory of tonal coherence in sacred vocal polyphony from about 1500. This theory provides a designation for, and identifies the markers of, the tonalities represented in the motets of Josquin; it is based on a nomenclature derived from the technical vocabulary of modal theory and the exigencies of a musical tradition rooted in plainchant, hexachordal manipulation of the gamut, and counterpoint. Three main tonal categories are defined and identified by hexachordal function of final as Ut, Re, and Mi tonalities. Comments by Glarean (Dodecachordon [1547]) support the essentially practical basis of these tonal designations. Each of these tonalities consists of, and is defined by, a distinct collection of "modal types," melodic-contrapuntal paradigms of tonal coherence that are identifiable in a variety of structural guises, from simple contrapuntal contexts to more abstract frameworks. Analytical examples from Josquin's motets illustrate procedural similarities in works belonging to different modal categories and structural distinctions within the same category, as well as demonstrating why diverse analytical approaches have seemed successful with certain works but inappropriate to others.

THE CLASSIC GENRE OF THE ORAL TRADITION OF AZERBAIJAN IS "MUGHAM"

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Mammadov R.
Keyword(s):  
Folk Music ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Single System ◽  
Musical Culture ◽  
Musical Tradition

This article is dedicated to the classical mugham genre. It analyzes the main genres of musical culture in Azerbaijan. The author studies the process of emergence of this genre, as well as its main types. Studies folk and national musical art, analyzes the classification of all genres of the oral musical tradition and combines them into a single system of genres of Azerbaijani folk music.

Effect of leakage and blockage on the acoustic behavior of particle filters

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 483-492
Author(s):  
Seonghyeon Baek ◽  
Iljae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Matrix ◽  
Particle Filters ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Transmission Loss ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Filter System ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
Analytical Approaches ◽  
Good Agreement

The effects of leakage and blockage on the acoustic performance of particle filters have been examined by using one-dimensional acoustic analysis and experimental methods. First, the transfer matrix of a filter system connected to inlet and outlet pipes with conical sections is measured using a two-load method. Then, the transfer matrix of a particle filter only is extracted from the experiments by applying inverse matrices of the conical sections. In the analytical approaches, the one-dimensional acoustic model for the leakage between the filter and the housing is developed. The predicted transmission loss shows a good agreement with the experimental results. Compared to the baseline, the leakage between the filter and housing increases transmission loss at a certain frequency and its harmonics. In addition, the transmission loss for the system with a partially blocked filter is measured. The blockage of the filter also increases the transmission loss at higher frequencies. For the simplicity of experiments to identify the leakage and blockage, the reflection coefficients at the inlet of the filter system have been measured using two different downstream conditions: open pipe and highly absorptive terminations. The experiments show that with highly absorptive terminations, it is easier to see the difference between the baseline and the defects.

Monitoring of Petroleum-Related Environmental Contamination Using Fluorescence Fingerprinting

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Literathy ◽  
M. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Contamination ◽  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Aromatic Components ◽  
Analytical Approaches

Petroleum and its refined products are considered the most complex contaminants frequently impacting the environment in significant quantities. They have heterogeneous chemical composition and alterations occur during environmental weathering. No single analytical method exists to characterize the petroleum-related environmental contamination. For monitoring, the analytical approaches include gravimetric, spectrometric and chromatographic methods having significant differences in their selectivity, sensitivity and cost-effectiveness. Recording fluorescence fingerprints of the cyclohexane extracts of the water, suspended solids, sediment or soil samples and applying appropriate statistical evaluation (e.g. by correlating the concatenated emission spectra of the fingerprints of the samples with arbitrary standards (e.g. petroleum products)), provides a powerful, cost-effective analytical tool for characterization of the type of oil pollution and detecting the most harmful aromatic components of the petroleum contaminated matrix. For monitoring purposes, the level of the contamination can be expressed as the equivalent concentration of an appropriate characteristic standard, based on the fluorescence intensities at the relevant characteristic wavelengths. These procedures are demonstrated in the monitoring of petroleum-related pollution in the water and suspended sediment in the Danube river basin

Critical Review on the Chemical Aspects of Cannabidiol (CBD) and Harmonization of Computational Bioactivity Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Mastinu ◽  
Giovanni Ribaudo ◽  
Alberto Ongaro ◽  
Sara Anna Bonini ◽  
Maurizio Memo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
The Novel ◽  
In Silico Studies ◽  
Computational Data ◽  
Synthetic Approaches ◽  
Analytical Approaches ◽  
Yield Sensitivity ◽  
Therapeutic Profile

: Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-psychotropic phytocannabinoid which represents one of the constituents of the “phytocomplex” of Cannabis sativa. This natural compound is attracting growing interest since when CBD-based remedies and commercial products were marketed. This review aims to exhaustively address the extractive and analytical approaches that have been developed for the isolation and quantification of CBD. Recent updates on cutting-edge technologies were critically examined in terms of yield, sensitivity, flexibility and performances in general, and are reviewed alongside original representative results. As an add-on to currently available contributions in the literature, the evolution of the novel, efficient synthetic approaches for the preparation of CBD, a procedure which is appealing for the pharmaceutical industry, is also discussed. Moreover, with the increasing interest on the therapeutic potential of CBD and the limited understanding of the undergoing biochemical pathways, the reader will be updated about recent in silico studies on the molecular interactions of CBD towards several different targets attempting to fill this gap. Computational data retrieved from the literature have been integrated with novel in silico experiments, critically discussed to provide a comprehensive and updated overview on the undebatable potential of CBD and its therapeutic profile.

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