Chapter 1 explores the meaning of deification in the Eastern Orthodox tradition as a metaphor for salvation, comparing this with the metaphor of redemption with which the ‘Western’ denominations are more familiar. Departing from the notion of the structural significance of deification for Orthodox theology, it sets out its importance for Greek patristic anthropology, Christology, and eschatology. Following Norman Russell (2004), it distinguishes between a ‘realistic’ approach to deification through participation, notably in the sacramental life of the church, and an ‘ethical’ approach, through imitation of Christ’s virtues. The two approaches are combined in contemplative monasticism, where mystical union comes to be understood as participation in the grace or energies of God. In conclusion, the chapter identifies aspects of Greek patristic deification that prove most important to Russian religious philosophers in the inter-revolutionary period.
