Religious Practice and Cultural Construction of Animal Worship in Egypt from the Early Dynastic to the New Kingdom

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Colonna
Keyword(s):  
Religious Practice ◽  
Cultural Construction ◽  
New Kingdom ◽  
Early Dynastic

Nubians in Egypt from the Early Dynastic Period to the New Kingdom

2021 ◽  
pp. 288-308
Author(s):  
Georg K. Meurer
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Nile Valley ◽  
New Kingdom ◽  
Middle Kingdom ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Upper Egypt ◽  
Intermediate Period ◽  
Early Dynastic

Nubians lived in Egypt from Predynastic times and through all periods. In the Aswan region, they were part of the indigenous population from Old to Middle Kingdom (A-Group, C-Group). From late Middle Kingdom through Second Intermediate Period, representatives of the Pan-Grave culture, presumably to be identified with the Medjay, and later the Kerma culture was present in Upper Egypt (Theban area) progressively up to the Delta at Tell el-Dab’a until the 18th Dynasty. Despite the official Egyptian dogma that regarded foreigners as elements of chaos, the reality shows that Nubians were integrated in the Egyptian society when accepting the Egyptian way of life. This is also visible in the wider range of occupations performed by native Nubians. While from time to time foreign groups also left the Egyptian Nile Valley, this Egyptianization or cultural entanglement resulted in a disappearing of foreigners in the sources.

National administration

2020 ◽  
pp. 761-777
Author(s):  
Wolfram Grajetzki
Keyword(s):  
Main Concern ◽  
New Kingdom ◽  
Late Period ◽  
Administrative Structure ◽  
Old Kingdom ◽  
Royal Court ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Early Dynastic ◽  
Appointed Officials ◽  
Egyptian History

This chapter explores the notion of a ‘national administration’ in Egypt, from the Early Dynastic Period to the Late Period, by discussing a range of textual sources and other written forms known in tombs and temples. These studies suggest that from the beginning of writing in Egypt around 3000 bc, some form of administrative structure is visible. The supply of food and other resources for the royal palace seems to have been the main concern of the administration in most periods of ancient Egyptian history. In the Fourth Dynasty the vizier became the head of the administration. He controlled legal matters, the scribal offices and was, in the Old Kingdom, also often in charge of the pyramid building. In the New Kingdom the office was divided into two, one vizier had an office in Memphis and other one in Thebes. Other important offices at the royal court were officials in charge of the treasury, those with the granaries and officials in charge of royal domains. The Old Kingdom administration seems to be a rather loose system where the king appointed officials when needed. The Middle and New Kingdom administration shows more fixed structures.

scholarly journals Preservation and identification of ancient M. tuberculosis complex DNA in Egyptian mummies

1970 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert R. Zink ◽  
Stephanie Köhler ◽  
Nasim Motamedi ◽  
Udo Reischl ◽  
Hans Wolf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Evolution ◽  
Strain Differences ◽  
New Kingdom ◽  
Late Period ◽  
Middle Kingdom ◽  
Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Early Dynastic ◽  
Time Periods

For years we have investigated the presence and molecular evolution of tuberculosis in Pre Dynastic and Early Dynastic Egyptian mummy material from Abydos (c. 3500-2800 BC), Middle and New Kingdom until the Late Period in Thebes-West (c. 2050 – 500 BC). We have analysed 160 bone and soft tissue samples from different time periods and populations for the occurrence of M. tuberculosis complex DNA. All positive specimens were genetically characterised by spoligotyping and mutation analysis. Molecular analyses revealed excellent state of preservation of the specimens. Research showed a high incidence of M. tuberculosis during all time periods. We further detected specific MTB strain differences with M. africanum in some of the Middle Kingdom samples and “modern” M. tuberculosis strains in the New Kingdom to Late Period material. These results demonstrate that aDNA is excellently preserved in ancient Egyptian mummies allowing the reconstruction of occurrence, frequency, molecular evolution and spread of tuberculosis in Pharaonic populations.

scholarly journals From the Indigeneous to the Religious Practices: Islamic Construction of the Local Tradition in South Sulawesi, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Mustaqim Pabbajah
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Cultural Construction ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Religious Practices ◽  
Cultural Relations ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Local Tradition ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Authentic Inclusion

Islam and indigenous tradition in Indonesia have long established interconnected relations in both social and ritual practices. This study elaborates on the Islamic construction of the indigenous Bugis-Makassar tradition. The “Haji Bawakaraeng” is one the familiar practice and is believed to exist in the South Sulawesi region. Term Haji Bawakaraeng is a religious practice contained with local Muslim beliefs carried out on Mount Bawakaraeng. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection done through observation, interviews, and documentation studies. This study finds that the Bugis-Makassar habit of carrying out a series of rituals on the summit of Mount Bawakaraeng is an old belief facing the process of negotiation and adaptation to the teachings of Islam. The presence of the term Hajj as an Islamic construction and Bawakaraeng as a local cultural construction is the result of the construction of Islam on the local beliefs of the Buginese-Makassarnese. In addition, this study also illustrates the dynamics of the inclusion of Islam in South Sulawesi as a variative and authentic inclusion. Finally, this study explains the diversity of the Bugis-Makassar people which tends to change from indigenous traditions to religious practices due to the ongoing construction of Islam. This paper recommends the need for further studies on the issue of religious and cultural relations at the micro level to see the dynamics of changing socio-religious practices in the community.

Tanaka Kinuyo

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Japanese Woman ◽  
Cultural Construction ◽  
Public Image ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Japanese History ◽  
Female Subjectivity ◽  
Japanese Cinema ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
History Of

This is the first book in English dedicated to the actress and director Tanaka Kinuyo. Praised as amongst the greatest actors in the history of Japanese cinema, Tanaka’s career spanned the industrial development of cinema - from silent to sound, monochrome to colour. Alongside featuring in films by Ozu, Mizoguchi, Naruse and Kurosawa, Tanaka was also the only Japanese woman filmmaker between 1953 and 1962, and her films tackled distinctly feminine topics such as prostitution and breast cancer. Because her career overlaps with a transformative period in Japan, especially for women, this close analysis of her fascinating life and work offers new perspectives into the Japanese history of women and classical era of national cinema. The first half of the book focuses on Tanaka as actress and analyses the elements and meanings associated with her star image, and her powerful embodiment of diverse, at times contradictory, ideological discourses. The second half is dedicated to Tanaka as director and explores her public image as filmmaker and her depiction of gender and sexuality against the national history in order to reflect on her role and style as author. With a special focus on the melodrama genre and on the sociopolitical and economic contexts of film production, the book offers a revision of theories of stardom, authorship, and women’s cinema. In examining Tanaka’s iconic reification of femininities in relation to politics, national identity, and memory, the chapters shed light on the cultural construction of female subjectivity and sexuality in Japanese popular culture.

‘The Oral Versus The Written’

Moreana ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (Number 175) (3) ◽  
pp. 14-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Cummings
Keyword(s):  
Religious Practice ◽  
Philosophical Argument ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Confessional Identity ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between scripture and tradition has always been recognised as central to the controversy between More and Tyndale in the late 1520s and early 1530s. It was already one of the key issues in the English campaign against Luther instigated in 1521, and in the 1540s became one of the lynchpins of confessional identity both among Catholic theologians at Trent and in the English reformed articles of 1553. This is often seen as a doctrinal issue, but beneath the surface it can also be seen as part of a profound philosophical argument about the authority of oral and written evidence, an argument which goes back to the origins of Jewish and Christian religious practice and which continues to haunt the ecumenical concerns of today.

Longing for Home: The Impact of COVID-19 on Cambodian Evangelical Life

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-297
Author(s):  
Briana Wong
Keyword(s):  
Spiritual Leadership ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
The United States ◽  
Church Leaders ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Phnom Penh ◽  
Mass Displacement ◽  
Interpersonal Connectedness ◽  
Indigenous Religions ◽  
The Impact

In Cambodia, the government's response to the COVID-19 crisis intersected with religious practice this year, as April played host both to the Christian Holy Week and the Cambodian New Year holiday, rooted in Cambodian Buddhism and indigenous religions. Typically, the Cambodian New Year celebration involves the near-complete shutting down of Phnom Penh, allowing for residents of the capital city to spend the New Year with their families in the countryside. Many Christians stay with their parents or other relatives, who remain primarily Theravada Buddhist, in the rural provinces throughout Holy Week, missing Easter Sunday services to participate in New Year's festivities at their ancestral homes. In light of the government's precautionary cancellation of the all-encompassing festivities surrounding the Cambodian New Year this spring, Christians who have previously spent Easter Sunday addressing controversial questions of interreligious interaction notably focused this year, through online broadcasting, on the resurrection of Jesus. In the United States, the near elimination of in-person gatherings has blurred the boundaries between the ministry roles of recognised church leaders and lay Christians, often women, who have long been leading unofficial services and devotionals over the phone and internet. In this article, I argue that the COVID-19 crisis, with its concomitant mass displacement of church communities from the physical to the technological realm, has impacted transnational Cambodian evangelicalism by establishing greater liturgical alignment between churches in Cambodia and in the diaspora, democratising spiritual leadership and increasing opportunities for interpersonal connectedness within the Cambodian evangelical community worldwide.

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