scholarly journals Quantitative Linkage Analysis for Pancreatic B-cell Function and Insulin Resistance in a Large Twin Cohort

Diabetes ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 1120-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Falchi ◽  
S. G. Wilson ◽  
D. Paximadas ◽  
R. Swaminathan ◽  
T. D. Spector
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Linkage Analysis ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Pancreatic B Cell ◽  
B Cell Function

scholarly journals Effect of nicotinic acid-induced insulin resistance on pancreatic B cell function in normal and streptozocin-treated baboons.

1991 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 1395-1401 ◽  
Author(s):  
D K McCulloch ◽  
S E Kahn ◽  
M W Schwartz ◽  
D J Koerker ◽  
J P Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Nicotinic Acid ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Pancreatic B Cell ◽  
B Cell Function

Seasonal changes in pancreatic B-cell function in euthermic yellow-bellied marmots

1985 ◽  
Vol 249 (2) ◽  
pp. R159-R165 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Florant ◽  
A. K. Lawrence ◽  
K. Williams ◽  
W. A. Bauman
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pancreatic B Cell ◽  
Peripheral Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
System Input

Fasting plasma insulin (PI) and glucose (PG) concentrations were measured throughout the body weight cycle of marmots. Animals gained weight during summer, and in late fall body weight peaked, after which they ceased feeding. Each month euthermic animals were injected intra-arterially with either dextrose (500 mg/kg) or porcine insulin (0.1 U/kg), and blood samples were collected over the subsequent 2 h. During weight gain fasting PI concentration and pancreatic B-cell response to injected dextrose increased markedly. Maximal insulin release to a dextrose challenge was measured during peak body weight or when body weight initially began to decline. The PG concentration after exogenous insulin administration was slight (less than 10%) in the fall but increased approximately 25% in the spring after marmots lost weight. Basal PG levels were not significantly different throughout the year. Basal fasting PI concentrations were significantly higher during the fall (P less than 0.01). It is suggested that in the fall, when marmots are obese, hyperinsulinemia and peripheral insulin resistance appear. Furthermore, in two animals with an increase in body weight of approximately 30% or less over the summer, peripheral resistance was demonstrable, albeit not as marked as in animals that appropriately doubled their body weights when given food ad libitum. Thus we hypothesize that factors other than adiposity, i.e., food intake, central nervous system input to the pancreatic B-cell, and/or changes in B-cell sensitivity to PG, may contribute to the observed peripheral insulin resistance and may be involved in body weight regulation.

Changes in Pancreatic B Cell Function during Late Pregnancy, Early Lactation and Postlactation

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Hubinont ◽  
H. Balasse ◽  
S.P. Dufrane ◽  
V. Leclercq-Meyer ◽  
J. Sugar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Pancreatic B Cell ◽  
B Cell Function

Pancreatic B-cell function in relation to diabetic retinopathy in Asian Indian NIDDM patients

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chamukuttan Snehalatha ◽  
Rema Mohan ◽  
Viswanathan Mohan ◽  
Ambady Ramachandran ◽  
Moopil Viswanathan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Asian Indian ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Pancreatic B Cell ◽  
B Cell Function ◽  
Niddm Patients

Dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance enhances B cell responsiveness to glucose level in normal men

1984 ◽  
Vol 247 (5) ◽  
pp. E592-E596 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Beard ◽  
J. B. Halter ◽  
J. D. Best ◽  
M. A. Pfeifer ◽  
D. Porte
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
B Cell Function ◽  
Normal Men ◽  
Insulin Responses ◽  
Effect Of Glucose

To determine whether islet adaptation during insulin resistance involves increased responsiveness to the level of plasma glucose, insulin resistance was induced in nine normal men by giving dexamethasone (Dex) (3 mg twice daily for 2 days). Plasma insulin and acute insulin responses (AIR) to isoproterenol were measured at three different glucose levels under control and Dex conditions. During Dex there were elevations above control levels of basal glucose (104 +/- 2 vs. 94 +/- 3 mg/dl) and insulin (21 +/- 3 vs. 13 +/- 2 microU/ml, both P less than 0.03). When glucose levels were raised stepwise by matching amounts using glucose clamps, AIR to isoproterenol rose as a linear function of glucose level under both conditions but rose more steeply during Dex. That is, the potentiating effect of glucose (delta AIR/delta glucose) was greater during Dex: 1.3 +/- 0.2 vs. 0.8 +/- 0.2 (P less than 0.01). Similarly, matched increments in glucose level produced greater increments in prestimulus insulin level during Dex (P less than 0.03). We conclude that 48 h of Dex raises the "gain" of the potentiating effect of glucose. Because the direct effect of glucocorticoids on B cell function has been reported to be inhibitory, the observed stimulation is likely to be a result of the insulin resistance caused by Dex.

Change in pancreatic B-cell function (HOMA-B) varies in different populations with similar genetic backgrounds but different environments

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Heald ◽  
S. G. Anderson ◽  
J. Patel ◽  
A. Rudenski ◽  
A. Vyas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Pancreatic B Cell ◽  
B Cell Function ◽  
Different Populations
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