scholarly journals Impact of Comorbidities, Glycemia at Admission and DPP4 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with COVID-19: a Case Series from an Academic Hospital in Lombardy, Italy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Mirani ◽  
Giuseppe Favacchio ◽  
Flaminia Carrone ◽  
Nazarena Betella ◽  
Emilia Biamonte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

<a>OBJECTIVE</a> <p>Diabetes mellitus may unfavorably influence the outcome of Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), <a>but the determinants of this effect are still poorly understood.</a></p> <p><a>In this monocentric study we aimed at evaluating the impact of type 2 diabetes, comorbidities, plasma glucose levels and </a>antidiabetic medications on the survival of COVID-19 patients.</p> <p>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</p> <p>This was a case series involving 387 COVID-19 patients admitted to a single center in the region of Lombardy, the epicenter of the <a></a><a>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 </a>(SARS-CoV2) pandemic in Italy, between February 20 and April 9, 2020.</p> <p>Medical history, pharmacological treatments, laboratory findings and clinical outcomes of non-diabetic and type 2 diabetic patients were compared. Cox proportional hazards analysis was applied to investigate risk factors associate with mortality.</p> <p>RESULTS</p> <p>Our samples included 90 patients (23.3%) with type 2 diabetes, who displayed double the mortality rate of non-diabetic subjects (42.3% vs 21.7%, <i>P</i> < 0.001). <a>In spite of this, after correction for age and sex, risk of mortality was significantly associated with a history of hypertension [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.84, 95% confidence interval (C.I.) 1.15-2.95; <i>P </i>= 0.011), coronary artery disease (aHR 1.56, 95% C.I. 1.04-2.35; <i>P </i>= 0.031), chronic kidney disease (aHR 2.07, 95% C.I. 1.27-3.38; <i>P </i>= 0.003), stroke (aHR 2.09, 95% C.I. 1.23-3.55; <i>P</i>=0.006) and cancer (aHR 1.57, 95% C.I. 1.08-2.42; <i>P </i>= 0.04), but not with type 2 diabetes (<i>P </i>= 0.170). </a></p> <p><a>In diabetic patients, elevated plasma glucose </a>(<a>a</a>HR 1.22, 95% C.I. 1.04 – 1.44 per mmol/l; <i>P </i>= 0.015) and IL-6 levels at admission [<a></a><a>aHR 2.47, 95% C.I. 1.28 – 4.78 per 1 standard deviation (SD) increase, <i>P </i>= 0.007</a>] as well as treatments with insulin (aHR 3.05, 95% C.I. 1.57-5.95; <i>P </i>= 0.001) and beta-blockers (aHR 3.20, 95% C.I. 1.50-6.60; <i>P </i>= 0.001) were independently associated with an increased mortality, whereas the use of DPP-4 inhibitors was significantly and independently associated with a lower risk of mortality (aHR 0.13, 95% C.I. 0.02 – 0.92, <i>P </i>= 0.042).</p> <p>CONCLUSIONS</p> <p><a></a><a>Plasma glucose levels at admission and antidiabetic drugs may influence the survival of COVID-19 patients affected by type-2 diabetes</a>.</p> <br>

scholarly journals Impact of Comorbidities, Glycemia at Admission and DPP4 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with COVID-19: a Case Series from an Academic Hospital in Lombardy, Italy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Mirani ◽  
Giuseppe Favacchio ◽  
Flaminia Carrone ◽  
Nazarena Betella ◽  
Emilia Biamonte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

<a>OBJECTIVE</a> <p>Diabetes mellitus may unfavorably influence the outcome of Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), <a>but the determinants of this effect are still poorly understood.</a></p> <p><a>In this monocentric study we aimed at evaluating the impact of type 2 diabetes, comorbidities, plasma glucose levels and </a>antidiabetic medications on the survival of COVID-19 patients.</p> <p>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</p> <p>This was a case series involving 387 COVID-19 patients admitted to a single center in the region of Lombardy, the epicenter of the <a></a><a>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 </a>(SARS-CoV2) pandemic in Italy, between February 20 and April 9, 2020.</p> <p>Medical history, pharmacological treatments, laboratory findings and clinical outcomes of non-diabetic and type 2 diabetic patients were compared. Cox proportional hazards analysis was applied to investigate risk factors associate with mortality.</p> <p>RESULTS</p> <p>Our samples included 90 patients (23.3%) with type 2 diabetes, who displayed double the mortality rate of non-diabetic subjects (42.3% vs 21.7%, <i>P</i> < 0.001). <a>In spite of this, after correction for age and sex, risk of mortality was significantly associated with a history of hypertension [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.84, 95% confidence interval (C.I.) 1.15-2.95; <i>P </i>= 0.011), coronary artery disease (aHR 1.56, 95% C.I. 1.04-2.35; <i>P </i>= 0.031), chronic kidney disease (aHR 2.07, 95% C.I. 1.27-3.38; <i>P </i>= 0.003), stroke (aHR 2.09, 95% C.I. 1.23-3.55; <i>P</i>=0.006) and cancer (aHR 1.57, 95% C.I. 1.08-2.42; <i>P </i>= 0.04), but not with type 2 diabetes (<i>P </i>= 0.170). </a></p> <p><a>In diabetic patients, elevated plasma glucose </a>(<a>a</a>HR 1.22, 95% C.I. 1.04 – 1.44 per mmol/l; <i>P </i>= 0.015) and IL-6 levels at admission [<a></a><a>aHR 2.47, 95% C.I. 1.28 – 4.78 per 1 standard deviation (SD) increase, <i>P </i>= 0.007</a>] as well as treatments with insulin (aHR 3.05, 95% C.I. 1.57-5.95; <i>P </i>= 0.001) and beta-blockers (aHR 3.20, 95% C.I. 1.50-6.60; <i>P </i>= 0.001) were independently associated with an increased mortality, whereas the use of DPP-4 inhibitors was significantly and independently associated with a lower risk of mortality (aHR 0.13, 95% C.I. 0.02 – 0.92, <i>P </i>= 0.042).</p> <p>CONCLUSIONS</p> <p><a></a><a>Plasma glucose levels at admission and antidiabetic drugs may influence the survival of COVID-19 patients affected by type-2 diabetes</a>.</p> <br>

scholarly journals Body Mass Index, Fasting Plasma Glucose Levels, and C-peptide Levels as Predictors of the Future Insulin Use in Japanese Type 2 Diabetic Patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi GOTO ◽  
Maki TAKAICHI ◽  
Miyako KISHIMOTO ◽  
Yoshihiko TAKAHASHI ◽  
Hiroshi KAJIO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Insulin Use ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals Changes in β-Cell Function in Offspring of Type-2 Diabetic Patients, as per Fasting and Two-Hour Plasma Glucose Levels

Cureus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edavan Pulikkanath Praveen ◽  
Sunil Chouhan ◽  
Jayaprakash Sahoo ◽  
Rajesh Khadgawat ◽  
Madan Lal Khurana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals Small Intestinal Glucose Delivery Affects the Lowering of Blood Glucose by Acute Vildagliptin in Type 2 Diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 101 (12) ◽  
pp. 4769-4778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongzhi Wu ◽  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
Laurence G. Trahair ◽  
Michelle J. Bound ◽  
Tanya J. Little ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Infusion ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Context: The rate of gastric emptying is an important determinant of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion and may influence the magnitude of glucose lowering by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. Objective: To evaluate the effects of the DPP-4 inhibitor, vildagliptin (VILD), during intraduodenal (ID) glucose infusion at 2 different rates within the physiological range of gastric emptying, in type 2 diabetes. Participants and Design: A total of 16 diet-controlled type 2 diabetic patients were studied on 4 separate days in double-blind, randomized, fashion. On each day, either 5-mg VILD or placebo (PLBO) was given 60 minutes before a 120-minute ID glucose infusion at 2 or 4 kcal/min (ID2 or ID4). Plasma glucose and hormones were measured frequently. Results: Plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, total GIP, and total and intact GLP-1 concentrations were higher during ID4 than ID2 (P &lt; .01 for each). Compared with PLBO, VILD was associated with higher intact GLP-1, insulin, and C-peptide and lower glucose and total GIP and GLP-1 (P &lt; .01 for each), without affecting glucagon. There were significant interactions between the rate of ID glucose and VILD treatment on plasma glucose, intact and total GLP-1, and GIP (P &lt; .05 for each) but not insulin, C-peptide, or glucagon. The reduction in glucose and the increment in intact GLP-1 after VILD vs PLBO were 3.3- and 3.8-fold greater, respectively, during ID4 compared with ID2. Conclusions/Interpretation: These observations warrant further study to clarify whether type 2 diabetic patients with relatively more rapid gastric emptying have greater glucose lowering during treatment with DPP-4 inhibitors.

scholarly journals Annual fasting plasma glucose variation increases risk of cancer incidence and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes: the Taichung Diabetes Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Chieh Lin ◽  
Chia-Ing Li ◽  
Chiu-Shong Liu ◽  
Wen-Yuan Lin ◽  
Ching-Chu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Care Management ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

The study aims to examine whether the annual variations in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) measurements, represented by the coefficient of variation (CV), predict cancer incidence and mortality in the subsequent years independent of traditional risk factors of type 2 diabetic patients. A computerized database of patients with type 2 diabetes of 30 years old and older (n=4805) enrolled in the Diabetes Care Management Program of a medical center before 2006 was analyzed using a time-dependent Cox's proportional hazards regression model. The mortality rates for the first, second, and third tertiles of the first annual FPG-CV were 8.64, 12.71, and 30.82 per 1000 person-years respectively. After adjusting for mean FPG, HbA1c, and other risk factors, the annual FPG-CV was independently associated with cancer incidence, cancer mortality, and cancer incidence or mortality, and the corresponding hazard ratios for the third vs first tertile of the annual FPG-CV were 3.03 (1.98, 4.65), 5.04 (2.32, 10.94), and 2.86 (1.91, 4.29) respectively. The annual variation in FPG was a strong predictor of cancer incidence and mortality in type 2 diabetic patients; therefore, glucose variation may be important in the clinical practice of care management and cancer prevention.

scholarly journals Removable Dentures Treatment Satisfaction of Patients with Type-2 Diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-282
Author(s):  
Luciana Goguţă ◽  
Diana Lungeanu ◽  
Anca Jivănescu
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Removable Denture ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background and aims: The aim of this study was to find out which was the impact of the treatment with removable dentures on the satisfaction of the type 2 diabetes patients. Material and method: 50 patients, 27 females (54%) and 23 males (46%) were included in the study. 37 were treated by using a partial removable denture and 13 were receiving a complete denture. Each patient included in the study had answered to a questionnaire after the first year of wearing the dentures and the blood glycemic level and the salivary flux were assessed. Chi-square test was applied to investigate the statistical significance of observed differences in proportions. Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to compare distributions across the groups. Results The age of the enrolled patients was between 40 and 85 years, with a mean of 64.3 years (standard deviation = 9.77). The mean values of the glucose levels were decreasing proportional with the age of the patients until 85 years and were inconstant for the group 81-90 years. The saliva at 5min was significantly decreasing with the age (p<0.001). The most satisfied patients with the removable dentures were in the group 61-70 years. Conclusions: The prosthodontic treatment of the type -2 diabetic patients with removable denture should be started after stabilizing the blood glycemic levels and treating the xerostomia, when present.

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