scholarly journals Lidocaine Concentration in Mandibular Bone After Subperiosteal Infiltration Anesthesia Decreases With Elevation of Periosteal Flap and Irrigation With Saline

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachie Ogawa ◽  
Masahiro Watanabe ◽  
Hiroyoshi Kawaai ◽  
Hitoshi Tada ◽  
Shinya Yamazaki
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Mandibular Bone ◽  
Periosteal Flap ◽  
Lidocaine Concentration ◽  
Mandibular Body ◽  
Surgical Conditions ◽  
The Right ◽  
Infiltration Anesthesia

Abstract It has been reported that the action of infiltration anesthesia on the jawbone is attenuated significantly by elevation of the periosteal flap with saline irrigation in clinical studies; however, the reason is unclear. Therefore, the lidocaine concentration in mandibular bone after subperiosteal infiltration anesthesia was measured under several surgical conditions. The subjects were 48 rabbits. Infiltration anesthesia by 0.5 mL of 2% lidocaine with 1 : 80,000 epinephrine (adrenaline) was injected into the right mandibular angle and left mandibular body, respectively. Under several surgical conditions (presence or absence of periosteal flap, and presence or absence of saline irrigation), both mandibular bone samples were removed at a fixed time after subperiosteal infiltration anesthesia. The lidocaine concentration in each mandibular bone sample was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. As a result, elevation of the periosteal flap with saline irrigation significantly decreased the lidocaine concentration in the mandibular bone. It is suggested that the anesthetic in the bone was washed out by saline irrigation. Therefore, supplemental conduction and/or general anesthesia should be utilized for long operations that include elevation of the periosteal flap with saline irrigation.

The brain structure and neurosecretory cells of noctuid moth Anadevidia peponis: Noctuidae

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-437
Author(s):  
M. Sato ◽  
Y. Ogawa ◽  
M. Sasaki ◽  
T. Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Biological Clock ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Neurosecretory Cells ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
Noctuid Moth ◽  
The Right ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
The Brain

A virgin female of the noctuid moth, a kind of noctuidae that eats cucumis, etc. performs calling at a fixed time of each day, depending on the length of a day. The photoreceptors that induce this calling are located around the neurosecretory cells (NSC) in the central portion of the protocerebrum. Besides, it is considered that the female’s biological clock is located also in the cerebral lobe. In order to elucidate the calling and the function of the biological clock, it is necessary to clarify the basic structure of the brain. The observation results of 12 or 30 day-old noctuid moths showed that their brains are basically composed of an outer and an inner portion-neural lamella (about 2.5 μm) of collagen fibril and perineurium cells. Furthermore, nerve cells surround the cerebral lobes, in which NSCs, mushroom bodies, and central nerve cells, etc. are observed. The NSCs are large-sized (20 to 30 μm dia.) cells, which are located in the pons intercerebralis of the head section and at the rear of the mushroom body (two each on the right and left). Furthermore, the cells were classified into two types: one having many free ribosoms 15 to 20 nm in dia. and the other having granules 150 to 350 nm in dia. (Fig. 1).

scholarly journals Determination of the order of fractional derivative for subdiffusion equations

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1647-1662
Author(s):  
Ravshan Ashurov ◽  
Sabir Umarov
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Derivative ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Time Instant ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Fractional Modeling ◽  
Time Fractional Derivative ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right Order

Abstract The identification of the right order of the equation in applied fractional modeling plays an important role. In this paper we consider an inverse problem for determining the order of time fractional derivative in a subdiffusion equation with an arbitrary second order elliptic differential operator. We prove that the additional information about the solution at a fixed time instant at a monitoring location, as “the observation data”, identifies uniquely the order of the fractional derivative.

Custom templates based heterogeneous resource allocation for data-intensive applications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ronny Bazan Antequera
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Real Data ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Application Performance ◽  
Data Intensive ◽  
Edge Based ◽  
The Right ◽  
Heterogeneous Cloud ◽  
Data Intensive Applications ◽  
Cloud Resources

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] The increase of data-intensive applications in science and engineering fields (i.e., bioinformatics, cybermanufacturing) demand the use of high-performance computing resources. However, data-intensive applications' local resources usually present limited capacity and availability due to sizable upfront costs. Moreover, using remote public resources presents constraints at the private edge network domain. Specifically, mis-configured network policies cause bottlenecks due to the other application cross-traffic attempting to use shared networking resources. Additionally, selecting the right remote resources can be cumbersome especially for those users who are interested in the application execution considering nonfunctional requirements such as performance, security and cost. The data-intensive applications have recurrent deployments and similar infrastructure requirements that can be addressed by creating templates. In this thesis, we handle applications requirements through intelligent resource 'abstractions' coupled with 'reusable' approaches that save time and effort in deploying new cloud architectures. Specifically, we design a novel custom template middleware that can retrieve blue prints of resource configuration, technical/policy information, and benchmarks of workflow performance to facilitate repeatable/reusable resource composition. The middleware considers hybrid-recommendation methodology (Online and offline recommendation) to leverage a catalog to rapidly check custom template solution correctness before/during resource consumption. Further, it prescribes application adaptations by fostering effective social interactions during the application's scaling stages. Based on the above approach, we organize the thesis contributions under two main thrusts: (i) Custom Templates for Cloud Networking for Data-intensive Applications: This involves scheduling transit selection, engineering at the campus-edge based upon real-time policy control. Our solution ensures prioritized application performance delivery for multi-tenant traffic profiles from a diverse set of actual data intensive applications in bioinformatics. (ii) Custom Templates for Cloud Computing for Data-intensive Applications: This involves recommending cloud resources for data-intensive applications based on a custom template catalog. We develop a novel expert system approach that is implemented as a middleware to abstracts data-intensive application requirements for custom templates composition. We uniquely consider heterogeneous cloud resources selection for the deployment of cloud architectures for real data-intensive applications in cybermanufacturing.

scholarly journals Mandibular Bone and Soft Tissues Necrosis Caused by an Arsenical Endodontic Preparation Treated with Piezoelectric Device

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Giudice ◽  
M. G. Cristofaro ◽  
I. Barca ◽  
D. Novembre ◽  
M. Giudice
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Mandibular Bone ◽  
Bone Necrosis ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Piezoelectric Device ◽  
The Right

This paper describes a case of wide mandibular bone necrosis associated with significant soft tissues injury after using an arsenical endodontic preparation in the right lower second molar for endodontic purpose. Authors debate about the hazardous effects of the arsenic paste and the usefulness of piezosurgery for treatment of this drug related bone necrosis.

scholarly journals Effect of Injection Pressure of Infiltration Anesthesia to the Jawbone

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Yoshida ◽  
Eri Tanaka ◽  
Hiroyoshi Kawaai ◽  
Shinya Yamazaki
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
White Male ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Lidocaine Concentration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Infiltration Anesthesia ◽  
Local Anesthetic Infiltration

To obtain effective infiltration anesthesia in the jawbone, high concentrations of local anesthetic are needed. However, to reduce pain experienced by patients during local anesthetic administration, low-pressure injection is recommended for subperiosteal infiltration anesthesia. Currently, there are no studies regarding the effect of injection pressure on infiltration anesthesia, and a standard injection pressure has not been clearly determined. Hence, the effect of injection pressure of subperiosteal infiltration anesthesia on local anesthetic infiltration to the jawbone was considered by directly measuring lidocaine concentration in the jawbone. Japanese white male rabbits were used as test animals. After inducing general anesthesia with oxygen and sevoflurane, cannulation to the femoral artery was performed and arterial pressure was continuously recorded. Subperiosteal infiltration anesthesia was performed by injecting 0.5 mL of 2% lidocaine containing 1/80,000 adrenaline, and injection pressure was monitored by a pressure transducer for 40 seconds. After specified time intervals (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 minutes), jawbone and blood samples were collected, and the concentration of lidocaine at each time interval was measured. The mean injection pressure was divided into 4 groups (100 ± 50 mm Hg, 200 ± 50 mm Hg, 300 ± 50 mm Hg, and 400 ± 50 mm Hg), and comparison statistical analysis between these 4 groups was performed. No significant change in blood pressure during infiltration anesthesia was observed in any of the 4 groups. Lidocaine concentration in the blood and jawbone were highest 10 minutes after the infiltration anesthesia in all 4 groups and decreased thereafter. Lidocaine concentration in the jawbone increased as injection pressure increased, while serum lidocaine concentration was significantly lower. This suggests that when injection pressure of subperiosteal infiltration anesthesia is low, infiltration of local anesthetic to the jawbone may be reduced, while transfer to oral mucosa and blood may be increased.

scholarly journals Morphologic aspects of the genital tract from Nellore cows undergoing gynecological screening to insertion in the fixed-time artificial insemination (TAI) program

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (02) ◽  
pp. 118-122
Author(s):  
R. Mello ◽  
M. Mello ◽  
M. Abidu-Figueiredo ◽  
P. Scherer ◽  
H. Palhano
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
The Body ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
The Right ◽  
Rectal Palpation

Abstract Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the morphology of the genital tract from 98 Nellore cows by rectal palpation and combine them with the functional aspects for inclusion in a fixed-time artificial insemination (TAI) program. Methods: Were evaluated the ovaries, cervix and vulva, as well as the body condition score (BCS scale 1-5). Results: In relation to the ovaries, there were palpable structures found in 51 (17 CL and 34 FL) in the rights ovarian and 37 palpable structures (06 CL and 31 FL) in the left ovary. Asymmetry was found in 17.3% and uterine cervicitis in 20.4% of examined females. Changes were noted in vulva in 51.0% (40 to 10 papules and hyperemia) and the average of BCS was 3.15. On the basis of morphological aspects founded, 29 females with an average of BCS 2.7 and 01 with metritis were excluded and 07 (BCS-3, 5) inseminated immediately after the exam, with 61 included in the TAI program. These data support the conclusion that of all ovulations occurred, characterized by the presence of CL, most occurred in the right ovary (73.9%). The prevalence rate (51%) of vulvar aspects found, indicate a need for research of reproductive diseases in their flock. Conclusion: The BCS may impacts on the cyclicity and in the pregnancy rate of females included in the program.

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) after intravenous and intramuscular administrations

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 602-609
Author(s):  
Mohamed Aboubakr ◽  
Ahmed Soliman
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Volume Of Distribution ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Caudal Vein ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Total Body ◽  
The Right

The plasma pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin was studied in healthy African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) following a single intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) administration of 10 mg/kg at 22 °C. Catfish were divided into two groups (each group containing 78 fish), then danofloxacin mesylate (10 mg/kg) was administered IV (into the caudal vein) in Group 1 and IM (into the right epaxial muscle) in Group 2, and blood was obtained from the caudal vein before (0 h) and after (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96 h) of drug administration. High-performance liquid chromatography was used for the determination of plasma concentration, and a non-compartmental model was used for the analysis of pharmacokinetic parameters. After IV administration, elimination half-life (t1/2λz, 24.49 h), mean residence time (MRT, 30.14 h), volume of distribution at steady state (Vdss, 1.07 L/kg) and total body clearance (CLT, 0.035 L/h/kg) were determined. After IM administration, t1/2λz, MRT, peak concentration (Cmax), time to reach Cmax and bioavailability were 47.64 h, 61.06 h, 5.22 µg/mL, 1 h and 67.12%, respectively. After IM administration, danofloxacin showed good bioavailability and long t1/2λz. The favourable pharmacokinetic characteristics after IM administration support the use of danofloxacin for the treatment of susceptible bacterial infections in catfish.

scholarly journals Legal Nature and Role of Swap Arrangements and Options as Financial Instruments

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-480
Author(s):  
Ružica Petrović ◽  
Tamara Milenković Kerković ◽  
Dragana Radenković Jocić
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Financial Innovation ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Financial Derivatives ◽  
Bank Loans ◽  
Bond Issues ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
The Right ◽  
Exclusive Right

AbstractFinancial derivatives are, in the last forty years, the most important financial innovation that influence the creation of new, very deep and broad financial markets. Their number is constantly increasing. There is a creation of new variants of existing derivative contracts and therefore the subjects have the opportunity to differently manage risk. Although their controversial legal nature, generally accepted view is that they were contracts. Swap is the youngest of all financial derivatives and represents a financial innovation of a later date. Market swaps recorded one of the fastest growth rate among global financial markets. Swap represents a private agreement between the two parties regarding exchange cash flow of the fixed time in the future in accordance with a predetermined pattern. The most common users of swaps are non-financial corporations, which want to receive variable, and to pay a fixed interest rate in order to limit interest expenses on bank loans or bond issues with variable interest rate, as well as banks, the governments of some supranational institutions such as the World Bank. In economic theory emphasized is the view that the comparative advantage is the basis for swaps functioning. Options are contracts in which one party has the exclusive right, while the other contracting party assumes only the obligation to buy or sell assets to which the option is created. In the nationa legislation the option contract is transferable standardized contract binding the buyer has the right to, including the payment obligation of the agreed premium on the day or days of maturity specified in the contract.

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