scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF OSMOLALITY AND ISOHYDRICITY OF EYE DROPS OF EXTEMPORANEOUS MANUFACTURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
N.G. Selezenev ◽  
◽  
M.I. Povetko ◽  
N.A. Budanova ◽  
T.V. Aleksandrova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Sodium Thiosulfate ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Aim Analysis ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Strong Shift ◽  
Object Of Study

Aim. Analysis of osmolality and isohydricity of eye drops of extemporaneous manufacture for compliance with the requirements of the normative documents. Materials and Methods. The object of study was eye drops of extemporaneous manufacture according to formulations and technologies of the normative documents. To control determination of the permissible limits of osmolality, model eye drops with sodium chloride at concentration of 0.6%, 0.9%, 2.0% were manufactured. Osmolality of the eye drops was determined by a pharmacopeian method using МТ-5 thermoelectric milliosmometracryoscope. pH was measured by a method of ionometry using HANNA microprocessor pH/C meter. The results were statistically processed. Results. It was found that eye drops 2%, 3% collargol and 1% sodium thiosulfate solution do not comply with the normative parameters by osmolality. Such drops as 0.2% ascorbic acid; combined eye drops containing riboflavin, ascorbic acid and boric acid; riboflavin, ascorbic acid and glucose did not comply with the normative parameters by pH value. These drops have a strong shift of pH towards acidity. The value of pH was below 3.5. On the contrary, eye drops containing sodium hydrocarbonate, sodium tetraborate have an exceeding shift towards alkalinity with pH more than 8.5. Thus, the conducted study showed the necessity of introduction of certain changes to the composition of the above mentioned eye drops after consultation with ophthalmologists. Conclusion. In the work, technological and analytical study of osmolality and isohydricity of some official compositions of eye drops encountered in extemporaneous manufacture, was conducted. Using modern pharmacopeian methods, the mentioned parameters of eye drops were determined and compared with the normative parameters recommended by the governmental quality standards of General Pharmacopeia Monograph (GPM) «Ophthalmic Dosage Forms», and the necessity for correction of certain formulations of eye drops is shown.

scholarly journals Environmental Method to Determine Dopamine and Ascorbic Acid Simultaneously via Derivative Spectrophotometry

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. El-Zohry ◽  
E. Y. Hashem
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
Second Derivative ◽  
Derivative Spectroscopy ◽  
Second Derivative Spectroscopy

Many various methods were applied to determine dopamine and ascorbic acid simultaneously using hazardous materials and complex procedures. Derivative absorption spectra can give safely and five sensitive derivative equations that are used for the simultaneous determination of dopamine and ascorbic acid in the UV region, using first and second derivative spectroscopy with high precision at pH value of 9.2. Dopamine and ascorbic acid can be detected in the ranges of 0.375–9.45 mg L−1and 0.352–5.28 mg L−1, respectively. These obtained methods could be used to determine both reagents in real and synthesized samples.

Fluorometric determination of ascorbic acid in the absence of the oxidant in juices of common citrus

Planta Medica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Copra-Janicijevic ◽  
E Sofic ◽  
L Klepo ◽  
A Topcagic ◽  
I Tahirovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Fluorometric Determination

The Effect of Stress and Warfarin on the Adrenal Gland in Relation to Spontaneous Hemorrhage, as Judged by Measurement of Adrenal Ascorbic Acid and Serum Corticosterone

1971 ◽  
Vol 26 (02) ◽  
pp. 275-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Chattopadhyay ◽  
D. D Johnson ◽  
G. J Millar ◽  
L. B Jaques
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Concentration ◽  
Corticosterone Concentration ◽  
Serum Corticosterone ◽  
Spontaneous Hemorrhage ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

SummaryRats were subjected to the following procedures: No treatment, Stressor (10% NaCl i.p.), Warfarin for 7 days, Stressor followed by Warfarin; and groups were sacrificed at intervals for assessment of spontaneous hemorrhage and of adrenal ascorbic acid concentration. There was no hemorrhage in the no treatment and stressor groups; some hemorrhage in the warfarin group; profound hemorrhage with Warfarin + Stressor. The adrenal ascorbic acid concentration was found to be lower, 8 h and again 5 days after stress, and remained lower in the warfarin + stress animals. Warfarin had no effect on adrenal ascorbic acid level.In another series of experiments in which the stress consisted of an electric current to the cage floor for 6 sec over 15 min, rats were sacrificed daily for determination of serum corticosterone concentration and occurrence of spontaneous hemorrhage. There was a statistically significant increase of serum corticosterone concentration with stress, warfarin and combined warfarin and stress treatments (P< 0.001 for all three variables). There was a significant correlation (r = 0.96 and 0.89, P< 0.01) for serum corticosterone concentration with hemorrhage score and incidence of hemorrhage in stressed rats receiving warfarin, but not in those receiving only warfarin. The results indicate an activation, rather than an exhaustion, of the pituitary-adrenal axis during the combined action of anticoagulant and stress, which results in the development of spontaneous hemorrhage.

ADENOHYPOPHYSEAL LH CONTENT IN NORMAL, ANDROGEN-STERILIZED AND PROGESTERONE-PRIMED STERILE FEMALE RATS

1962 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger A. Gorski ◽  
Charles A. Barraclough
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Median Eminence ◽  
Hypothalamic Stimulation ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
Gland Content ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT We have previously suggested that the failure of the androgen-sterilized, persistent-oestrous rat to ovulate, following electrical stimulation of the median eminence structures of the hypothalamus, is due to an insufficiency in adenohypophyseal LH concentration. Using the ovarian ascorbic acid technique for quantitative determination of pituitary LH content, the present studies have demonstrated that the sterile rat pituitary gland contains one-third the LH content of the normal prooestrous gland. Furthermore, not only does progesterone priming of this persistent-oestrous rat result in a 75 % increase in LH concentration, but on hypothalamic stimulation sufficient LH is released to induce ovulation. The decrease in LH concentration which accompanies ovulation in the progesterone-primed, sterile rat is approximately 45 % of the total gland content as compared with a 51 % decrease in pituitary content in the normal cyclic rat.

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