scholarly journals Remote Sensing Imagery and GIS for Monitoring the Pyroclastic Material of Mount Sinabung

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-195
Author(s):  
Cahyadi Setiawan ◽  
Muzani Muzani ◽  
Warnadi Warnadi ◽  
Fauzi Ramadhoan A'Rachman ◽  
Qismaraga Qismaraga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Satellite Remote Sensing ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Pyroclastic Material ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Remote Sensing Imagery ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Study Techniques ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of changes in land cover around the Mount Sinabung area after the 2009-2019 eruption by monitoring through remote sensing imagery and GIS. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. The technique of data collection used document study techniques by collecting Landsat images are among the widely used satellite remote sensing data and their spectral, spatial and temporal resolution made them useful input for mapping and planning projects (Sadidy et al. 1981). Changes in land cover that occurred around the Mount Sinabung area were dominated by pyroclastic material due to eruption. In addition, changes in land cover also occur due to the abandonment of potential lands, such as local residents who work in the plantation sector are forced to leave that, so they eventually turn into shrubs. The direction of the dominant pyroclastic material slides was directed towards the east-south and southeast of Mount Sinabung, where the area was dominated by the plantation sector. The impact of the eruption of Mount Sinabung was directly and indirectly. The total land cover changes due to pyroclastic material in 2010 was an area of 26.27 Ha, in 2014 it was 475.82 Ha, 2017 was 1339.75 Ha, and 2019 was 1196.11 Ha.

The Massive New Year 2020 pyroCb Event in Australia: Observations of Unprecedented Stratospheric Smoke

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Fromm ◽  
George Kablick III
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Satellite Remote Sensing ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Fire Season ◽  
Smoke Plume ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Stratospheric Composition ◽  
The Impact

<p>The 2019/2020 fire season in Australia has been unusually energetic since early spring. In the last days of December and early January an unprecedented number of pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) storms erupted in New South Wales and Victoria, creating a seemingly unrivaled stratospheric smoke plume as well as devastation on the ground. Preliminary indications from satellite remote sensing are that the clustering of active pyroCbs and smoke injection heights exceeded all previous Australian pyroCb events, and perhaps pyroCb events worldwide. Similar to another extraordinary pyroCb event, the so-called Pacific Northwest Event in 2017, the Australian smoke plume has been observed to rise above its injection altitude by several kilometers. We report on the active blowups and quantify the impact on stratospheric composition using satellite remote sensing. Our analysis also consists of a quantitative comparison of the 2019/20 Australian pyrocb event with other major pyroCb events such as Black Saturday, Victoria, Australia in 2009. At the time of submission of this abstract, this is an unfolding episode; our report will characterize the unusual nature of this pyroCb event as the evolving plume and satellite remote sensing data permit.</p>

scholarly journals The Impact of Coal Exploitation on Tidal Flat Changes, an Investigation Using Remote Sensing Data in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thi Lan PHAM ◽  
Si Son TONG ◽  
Thi Thu Ha LE ◽  
Thi Le LE ◽  
Huu Duc HOANG
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Tidal Flat ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Tidal Flats ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
The Impact

Tidal flat plays a crucial role in socio-economic development and ecological environment.Tidal flats in Ha Long-Cam Pha in Vietnam are impacted by human activities, especially coal miningactivities. Using remote sensing data is able to detect, extract, and monitor the changes of tidal flats andexploited coal mine area with multi-temporal, in various scales, and for a large coverage. This studyaims to investigate the impact of coal mining activities on the changes of tidal flats using remote sensingin Cam Pha, Ha Long, one of the biggest coal basins in Vietnam. Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) oftidal flats constructed by Landsat satellite images acquired in years 1989, 2001, and 2014 are comparedto determine the volume changes. Besides, coal mining activities including coal production, waste rockdump area, and the expansion of open coal mine during the period 1989-2014 are investigated usingcorrespondent Landsat images and the reports from the coal mine companies in the study area. Sedimentsamples in tidal flats are analyzed to determine the origin of the sediments. As the results, organic matterin the tidal flats is dominant with the concentration of 459 g/kg to 607 g/kg, which is evidence for theimpact of coal exploitation on the coastal environment. In addition, the relationship between coal mineactivities and tidal flat variation is well observed in this study.

scholarly journals Canadian and Alaskan wildfire smoke particle properties, their evolution, and controlling factors, from satellite observations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine T. Junghenn Noyes ◽  
Ralph A. Kahn ◽  
James A. Limbacher ◽  
Zhanqing Li
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Distribution ◽  
Particle Properties ◽  
Wildfire Smoke ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The optical and chemical properties of biomass burning (BB) smoke particles greatly affect the impact wildfires have on climate and air quality. Previous work has demonstrated some links between smoke properties and factors such as fuel type and meteorology. However, the factors controlling BB particle speciation at emission are not adequately understood, nor are those driving particle aging during atmospheric transport. As such, modeling wildfire smoke impacts on climate and air quality remains challenging. The potential to provide robust, statistical characterizations of BB particles based on ecosystem type and ambient environmental conditions with remote sensing data is investigated here. Space-based Multi-angle Imaging Spectrometer (MISR) observations, combined with the MISR Research Aerosol (RA) algorithm and the MISR Interactive Explorer (MINX) tool, are used to retrieve smoke plume aerosol optical depth (AOD), and to provide constraints on plume vertical extent, smoke age, and particle size, shape, and light-absorption properties, and absorption spectral dependence. These tools are applied to numerous wildfire plumes in Canada and Alaska, across a range of conditions, to create a regional inventory of BB particle-type temporal and spatial distribution. We then statistically compare these results with satellite measurements of fire radiative power (FRP) and land cover characteristics, as well as short-term climate, meteorological, and drought information from MERRA-2 reanalysis and the North American Drought Monitor. We find statistically significant differences in the retrieved smoke properties based on land cover type, with fires in forests producing the thickest plumes containing the largest, brightest particles, and fires in savannas and grasslands exhibiting the opposite. Additionally, the inferred dominant aging mechanisms and the timescales over which they occur vary systematically between land types. This work demonstrates the potential of remote sensing to constrain BB particle properties and the mechanisms governing their evolution over entire ecosystems. It also begins to realize this potential, as a means of improving regional and global climate and air quality modeling in a rapidly changing world.

scholarly journals Impact of Disturbances on the Carbon Cycle of Forest Ecosystems in Ukrainian Polissya

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petro Lakyda ◽  
Anatoly Shvidenko ◽  
Andrii Bilous ◽  
Viktor Myroniuk ◽  
Maksym Matsala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Forest Carbon ◽  
Land Cover Changes ◽  
Salvage Logging ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
The Impact

Climate change continues to threaten forests and their ecosystem services while substantially altering natural disturbance regimes. Land cover changes and consequent management entail discrepancies in carbon sequestration provided by forest ecosystems and its accounting. Currently there is a lack of sufficient and harmonized data for Ukraine that can be used for the robust and spatially explicit assessment of forest provisioning and regulation of ecosystem services. In the frame of this research, we established an experimental polygon (area 45 km2) in Northern Ukraine aiming at estimating main forest carbon stocks and fluxes and determining the impact caused by natural disturbances and harvest for the study period of 2010–2015. Coupled field inventory and remote sensing data (RapidEye image for 2010 and SPOT 6 image for 2015) were used. Land cover classification and estimation of biomass and carbon pools were carried out using Random Forest and k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) method, respectively. Remote sensing data indicates a ca. 16% increase of carbon stock, while ground-based computations have shown only a ca. 1% increase. Net carbon fluxes for the study period are relatively even: 5.4 Gg C·year−1 and 5.6 Gg C C·year−1 for field and remote sensing data, respectively. Stand-replacing wildfires, as well as insect outbreaks and wind damage followed by salvage logging, and timber harvest have caused 21% of carbon emissions among all C sources within the experimental polygon during the study period. Hence, remote sensing data and non-parametric methods coupled with field data can serve as reliable tools for the precise estimation of forest carbon cycles on a regional spatial scale. However, featured land cover changes lead to unexpected biases in consistent assessment of forest biophysical parameters, while current management practices neglect natural forest dynamics and amplify negative impact of disturbances on ecosystem services.

scholarly journals Mapping the Effects of Anthropogenic Activities in the Catchment of Weija Reservoir using Remote Sensing Techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
N. D. Tagoe ◽  
S. Mantey
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Dense Vegetation ◽  
Human Use ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques ◽  
The Impact

Man has contributed to land cover alteration since time-immemorial through clearing of land for residential, agriculture, recreational and industrial purposes. The emergence of adapting wild plants and animals for human use as well as industrialisation have also contributed to the alteration of land cover. Over the years, anthropogenic activities have had great impact on the Weija catchment. This study seeks to map the catchment and determine the impact of anthropogenic activities using Remote Sensing techniques. Observations and measurements were made on the field as well as classification of land cover using Landsat images of years 1991, 2003 and 2017. Results showed an increase in built-up areas by 18% from 1991 to 2017. Other classes such as shrubs increased due to decrease in dense vegetation. This study confirms the use of Remote Sensing as a valuable tool for detecting change in land cover and determining the impact of anthropogenic activities in the Weija Catchment. Keywords: Land Cover, GIS, Remote Sensing, Weija Catchment, Anthropogenic Activities

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