scholarly journals SIMULATION OF MICROBIOLOGICAL DESTRUCTION PROCESS OF OIL POLLUTION IN SHALLOW WATER

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-25
Author(s):  
A.A. Filina ◽  
V.V. Sidoryakina ◽  
A.E. Chistyakov ◽  
A.V. Nikitina
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Fractional Composition ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Multiprocessor Computer ◽  
Spatially Inhomogeneous ◽  
Partial Filling ◽  
Petroleum Origin ◽  
Determining Factors

The paper covers the research of microbiological destruction processes of petroleum origin pollutants in a shallow water taking into account a number of determining factors that affect the distribution of pollution in the researched water area: the oil fractional composition, the processes of evaporation, dissolution, biological oxidation of petro-hydrocarbons by microorganisms, as well as hydrodynamic and chemical-biological features of the water. A complex of interrelated spatially inhomogeneous mathematical models was proposed that allow researching the dynamics of microbiological destruction processes of petroleum hydrocarbons in shallow water. Schemes with weight taking into account the partial filling of computational cells of the simulated domain were developed at model discretization that made it possible to significantly increase the accuracy of calculations and reduce the calculation time. Based on a multiprocessor computer system, experimental software has been developed for predictive modeling of the ecological situation of shallow water in the event of accidental pollution by oil and other harmful substances during natural and technogenic challenges.

scholarly journals MIKROORGANISME PENDEGRADASI TPH (TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON) SEBAGAI AGEN BIOREMEDIASI TANAH TERCEMAR MINYAK BUMI (Review Article)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Prasetyo Handrianto
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Petroleum Pollution ◽  
Ph Optimization

Exploitation and exploration activities will produce sewage sludge and crude oil spills that cause pollution to the environment and upgrading to the environment, biology and soil chemistry. Monitoring of oil pollution conditions on the soil can be done by detection of all hydrocarbon components, or what is called the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH). According to its components, this total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) can be classified into 3 points, aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic. One of the biological efforts that can be used to overcome petroleum pollution is by using bioremediation technology. There are several methods in bioremediation, one of which is the biostimulation method, where the growth of the original hydrocarbon decomposers is stimulated by adding nutrients, oxygen, pH optimization and temperature. Hydrocarbonoclastic microorganisms have characteristic not possessed by other microorganisms, namely their ability to excrete hydroxylase enzymes, which are hydrocarbon oxidizing enzymes, so that these bacteria can degrade petroleum hydrocarbons. Biodegradation can be formed if there is a structural transformation so that cahnges in molecular integrity occur. This process is a series of enzymatic or biochemical reaction that require ideal environmental conditions with the growth and proliferation of microorganisms. Something that need to be known before remediation are pollutants (organic or inorganic), degraded/ not, dangerous/ not, how many pollutants pollute the soil, the ratio of carbon (C), Nitrogen (N), and phophorus (P), soil type, soil conditions (wet dry), and how long pollutants have been deposited in these locations

Organic Matter of Bottom Sediments of the Crimean and Caucasian Coasts (Azov and Black Seas)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Tikhonova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Water Area ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Sea Of Azov ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
The Sea Of Azov

As part of the 113th cruise of the R/V “Professor Vodyanitsky”, research was conducted on organic pollution of bottom sediments in the coastal areas of Crimea and the Caucasus, as well as the water area in front of the Kerch Strait. Concentration of chloroformextractable substances was determined by the weight method and that of petroleum hydrocarbons was determined using infrared spectrometry. Both in 2020 and 2016 (the 83d cruise of the R/V “Professor Vodyanitsky”), properties of the bottom sediments of the Crimean and Caucasian coasts were typical of the marine soils of this region. This indicates that the studied water areas are generally in good condition. In accordance with the regional classification of bottom sediment pollution, the maximum concentrations of chloroform-extractable substances obtained for both the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov coast indicate pollution level III (23% of analysed samples). These values were found in bottom sediments in the Sevastopol water area (225 mg·100 g-1), in the coastal area of Cape Tarkhankut (120 mg·100 g-1) and Karadag (120 mg·100 g-1), the southern part of the Sea of Azov (125 mg·100 g-1) and Tuapse (110 mg·100 g-1). The content of chloroform-extractable substances in bottom sediments off the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus and the Sea of Azov coast is slightly lower than that off the Crimean coast. Pollution level II is assigned to bottom sediments in 46 % of the samples, with an average concentration of 72 mg·100 g-1 of air-dry solids. The rest (31 %) of the studied area was classified as conditionally clean (pollution level I, i. e. less than 50 mg·100 g-1). There has been a slight increase in the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons in the bottom sediments of both the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov and their share in the total amount of chloroformextractable substances. In general, the level of pollution of bottom sediments by organic matter remained unchanged if compared with previous years, in particular with the data from 2016

Directional Wave Spectra from Video Images Data and SWAN Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zikra ◽  
Noriaki Hashimoto ◽  
Masaru Yamashiro ◽  
Kojiro Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Paper Analysis ◽  
Wave Spectra ◽  
Swan Model ◽  
Video Images ◽  
Shallow Water Area ◽  
Directional Wave ◽  
Probe Sensor ◽  
Rectification Process

In this paper, analysis of directional wave spectra in shallow water area estimated by video images data has been compared with numerical model of SWAN. Estimation of directional wave spectra from video images is based on the Bayesian Directional Method using a group of pixels brightness on the image. For this study, the pixels can be considered equivalent to fixed instruments as wave probe sensor after rectification process. The results show that there is a good agreement between directional wave spectra estimated by video images data and the SWAN model. Both methods estimate similar shape of directional wave spectra in the shallow water. In addition, the energy distribution of directional wave spectra in shallow water is concentrated significantly in frequency and direction. 

Time variability of acoustic signals in a benign shallow‐water area

2000 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 2578-2578
Author(s):  
Peter L. Nielsen ◽  
Martin Siderius ◽  
Finn B. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Acoustic Signals ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Time Variability ◽  
Shallow Water Area

scholarly journals SATELLITE-DERIVED BATHYMETRY: ACCURACY ASSESSMENT ON DEPTHS DERIVATION ALGORITHM FOR SHALLOW WATER AREA

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W5 ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. Said ◽  
M. R. Mahmud ◽  
R. C. Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Accuracy Assessment ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Bathymetric Data ◽  
Sensing Technology ◽  
Shallow Water Area ◽  
Multispectral Satellite Imagery ◽  
Marginal Improvement ◽  
Acquisition Technique ◽  
Hydrographic Surveying

Over the years, the acquisition technique of bathymetric data has evolved from a shipborne platform to airborne and presently, utilising space-borne acquisition. The extensive development of remote sensing technology has brought in the new revolution to the hydrographic surveying. Satellite-Derived Bathymetry (SDB), a space-borne acquisition technique which derives bathymetric data from high-resolution multispectral satellite imagery for various purposes recently considered as a new promising technology in the hydrographic surveying industry. Inspiring by this latest developments, a comprehensive study was initiated by National Hydrographic Centre (NHC) and Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) to analyse SDB as a means for shallow water area acquisition. By adopting additional adjustment in calibration stage, a marginal improvement discovered on the outcomes from both Stumpf and Lyzenga algorithms where the RMSE values for the derived (predicted) depths were 1.432 meters and 1.728 meters respectively. This paper would deliberate in detail the findings from the study especially on the accuracy level and practicality of SDB over the tropical environmental setting in Malaysia.

scholarly journals WIND AND WAVE RELATIONSHIPS IN A SHALLOW WATER AREA

1974 ◽  
Vol 1 (14) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
J.S. Driver ◽  
J.D. Pitt
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Shallow Water Area ◽  
Wave Conditions ◽  
Direct Measures

An instrumentation system to record direct measures of both wind and wave conditions has been installed at the Wash. Data from these instruments are used in conjunction with long term wind records from another station to predict the frequency and duration of extreme conditions.

scholarly journals Validation of adjoint‐generated environmental gradients for the acoustic monitoring of a shallow water area

2008 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 3510-3510
Author(s):  
Matthias Meyer ◽  
Jean‐Pierre Hermand ◽  
Mohamed Berrada ◽  
Mark Asch
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Acoustic Monitoring ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Shallow Water Area
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