scholarly journals MIKROORGANISME PENDEGRADASI TPH (TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON) SEBAGAI AGEN BIOREMEDIASI TANAH TERCEMAR MINYAK BUMI (Review Article)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Prasetyo Handrianto
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Petroleum Pollution ◽  
Ph Optimization

Exploitation and exploration activities will produce sewage sludge and crude oil spills that cause pollution to the environment and upgrading to the environment, biology and soil chemistry. Monitoring of oil pollution conditions on the soil can be done by detection of all hydrocarbon components, or what is called the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH). According to its components, this total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) can be classified into 3 points, aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic. One of the biological efforts that can be used to overcome petroleum pollution is by using bioremediation technology. There are several methods in bioremediation, one of which is the biostimulation method, where the growth of the original hydrocarbon decomposers is stimulated by adding nutrients, oxygen, pH optimization and temperature. Hydrocarbonoclastic microorganisms have characteristic not possessed by other microorganisms, namely their ability to excrete hydroxylase enzymes, which are hydrocarbon oxidizing enzymes, so that these bacteria can degrade petroleum hydrocarbons. Biodegradation can be formed if there is a structural transformation so that cahnges in molecular integrity occur. This process is a series of enzymatic or biochemical reaction that require ideal environmental conditions with the growth and proliferation of microorganisms. Something that need to be known before remediation are pollutants (organic or inorganic), degraded/ not, dangerous/ not, how many pollutants pollute the soil, the ratio of carbon (C), Nitrogen (N), and phophorus (P), soil type, soil conditions (wet dry), and how long pollutants have been deposited in these locations

scholarly journals The Impact Of Oil Spill To The Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (Tph) Concentration In Fishes At North Coastal Of Karawang Regency, West Java Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waluyo Waluyo ◽  
Dzikri Wahyudi ◽  
Amdani . ◽  
Herlina Adelina Meria Uli Sagala
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Chemistry Laboratory ◽  
The European Union ◽  
West Java ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
The Impact

The coastal area is one of the areas that is quite vulnerable to the threat of pollution caused by human activities, including pollution caused by oil spills (hydrocarbons) in the sea. The incident can be caused by several factors including the explosion, leakage of petroleum pipelines on the seabed, leakage of tanks or petroleum tankers at sea and disposal of waste petroleum products into the environment. Oil spills continuously can cause environmental contamination and pollution both aquatic and terrestrial. If the petroleum hydrocarbons enter sea waters, some of them will be absorbed by aquatic organisms because the nature of the petroleum hydrocarbons is difficult to decompose in waters. The intentional and unintentional entry of hazardous and toxic substances into marine ecosystems such as petroleum hydrocarbons and chemical solvents resulting from industrial wastes has become a serious problem for human health and the environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) contained in fish in coastal waters of Karawang Regency, West Java Province. This research was conducted in September-November 2019 by taking several fish samples at Ciparage Jaya Fish Auction Place, Betok Mati and Sungai Buntu Rive with a total sample of 24 fish, and taking seawater samples in the three study sites. TPH analysis was carried out at the Integrated Chemistry Laboratory, Bogor Agricultural University. TPH values in fish at Ciparage-1, Ciparage-2, Betok Mati and Sungai Buntu stations, in general, have different mean values but are almost uniform, each at 6.82; 6.82; 7.45 and 5.12 mg/kg. Based on the average TPH concentration in fish, it can be said that the average TPH in fish at Betok Mati station is relatively higher compared to other stations. TPH values in all fish samples exceed the safe threshold, which is a maximum of 0.002 mg/kg. Based on the results of the Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) analysis showed that the average TPH in fish was 6.55 mg/kg and the average TPH in the waters was 11.23 mg/l, so the BAF value was 58.35 which means that the absorption rate of TPH by fish organisms against the concentration of TPH in the waters of 58.35%. The analysis shows that the value of Ecological Hazard Assessment (EHA) is 3743.33 which means that the level of influence of the hazard on ecosystems and organisms is 3743.33. This value exceeds the recommended threshold according to the European Union, which is a maximum of 0.002 mg/l.

scholarly journals Characterization of microbial response to petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in a lacustrine ecosystem

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilio D’Ugo ◽  
Milena Bruno ◽  
Arghya Mukherjee ◽  
Dhrubajyoti Chattopadhyay ◽  
Roberto Giuseppetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Hydrocarbon Contamination ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contamination ◽  
Microbial Response ◽  
Pollution Event ◽  
Hydrocarbonoclastic Potential

AbstractMicrobiomes of freshwater basins intended for human use remain poorly studied, with very little known about the microbial response to in situ oil spills. Lake Pertusillo is an artificial freshwater reservoir in Basilicata, Italy, and serves as the primary source of drinking water for more than one and a half million people in the region. Notably, it is located in close proximity to one of the largest oil extraction plants in Europe. The lake suffered a major oil spill in 2017, where approximately 400 tons of crude oil spilled into the lake; importantly, the pollution event provided a rare opportunity to study how the lacustrine microbiome responds to petroleum hydrocarbon contamination. Water samples were collected from Lake Pertusillo 10 months prior to and 3 months after the accident. The presence of hydrocarbons was verified and the taxonomic and functional aspects of the lake microbiome were assessed. The analysis revealed specialized successional patterns of lake microbial communities that were potentially capable of degrading complex, recalcitrant hydrocarbons, including aromatic, chloroaromatic, nitroaromatic, and sulfur containing aromatic hydrocarbons. Our findings indicated that changes in the freshwater microbial community were associated with the oil pollution event, where microbial patterns identified in the lacustrine microbiome 3 months after the oil spill were representative of its hydrocarbonoclastic potential and may serve as effective proxies for lacustrine oil pollution.

scholarly journals Biodegradation Potentials of Aspergillus sydowii and Fusarium lichenicola on Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon in an Oilfield Wastewater in Rivers State

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Williams, Janet Olufunmilayo ◽  
Aleruchi Owhonka
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aspergillus Sydowii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Rivers State

This study investigated the potential of Aspergillus sydowii and Fusarium lichenicola as mixed cultures in the biodegradation of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons TPHs in oilfield wastewater. Oilfield wastewater was collected from an onshore oil producing platform and biodegradation of total petroleum hydrocarbons was investigated using standard methods. Fungi were isolated from oilfield wastewater contaminated soils obtained from the vicinity of the oil producing platform. Experimental control set-up and treatment with mixed culture of fungal isolates were periodically analyzed on days 7 and 21 intervals for total petroleum hydrocarbon degradation using Gas Chromatography (GC). The total amount of TPHs on day 1 recorded 381. 871 mg/l.  The amount of TPHs on days 7 and 21 in the mixed culture of fungi was 108.975 mg/l and 21.105 mg/l respectively while TPHs in control was 342.891 mg/l and 240.749 mg/l respectively. There was a significant difference between the mixed culture and the control on days 7 and 21 at p≤0.05. The results therefore revealed actual and significant reduction of TPHs in the mixed culture. In addition, there was clearance of n-alkanes by the mixed culture. This suggests that fungi have great potentials in biodegradation of TPHs and in remediation of TPH contaminated environments.

scholarly journals OIL SPILL INCIDENTS AND DISPERSANT APPLICATIONS IN KUWAIT

1987 ◽  
Vol 1987 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-253
Author(s):  
Salah M. Al-Mazidi ◽  
Omar Samhan
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Coastal Environment ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
North And South

ABSTRACT Since the discovery of oil in Kuwait, most oil-related activities have been located along the coastline 50 km south of Kuwait City. Other related industrial activities have been developed in this area apart from oil and petroleum products export in order to diversify the national sources of income. For these reasons, the potential for large oil spills in Kuwait's marine environment is highest along the south coast, where oil refineries and exporting facilities are located. An average of 219 barrels of oil were spilled annually between 1979 and 1985, and 2,100 gallons of dispersants were used in cleanup operations. The majority of incidents involved less than 5 barrels of oil and 500 gallons of dispersants. Incidents involving more than 100 barrels of oil and 5,000 gallons of dispersants were confined to the Sea Island and Mina Al-Ahmadi North and South Piers. This distribution undoubtedly affects the concentration of petroleum residues in various components of the marine environment, resulting in an increase in tar ball density along this coast, reaching a maximum at Ras Az-Zor, and significantly higher levels of vanadium and petroleum hydrocarbons in sediments and oysters collected south of Mina Al-Ahmadi. The objective of this paper is to report on the number, volume, and frequency distribution of oil spill incidents in Kuwait and the usage of dispersants in cleanup operations. Vanadium and petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations also are described as is the sensitivity of the southern coastal environment to oil spills. Recommendations have been made on how to conduct cleanup operations for any future oil spill incidents along the southern shoreline of Kuwait.

scholarly journals Spatial trends of petroleum hydrocarbons in water and sediments

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Issac Ololade ◽  
Labunmi Lajide ◽  
Isiaka Amoo
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Sediment Organic Carbon ◽  
Spatial Trends ◽  
Streambed Sediment ◽  
Oil Residue ◽  
Ondo State ◽  
Infrared Methods

AbstractSeasonal changes in petroleum hydrocarbons in water and streambed sediment from selected oil-related areas of Ondo State, Nigeria have been examined using gravimetric and infrared methods. The highest and lowest total petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations (TPH) in water (sediments in brackets) gravimetrically were 3.49 mg L−1 (199.3) mg kg−1 and 0.003 mg L−1 (81.0) mg kg−1 while the concentrations found by IR were 24.0 mg L−1 (135.0 mg kg−1) and 14.0 mg L−1 (33.0 mg kg−1) respectively. The two seasons were positively correlated (α = 0.01) by both methods. The TPH level was well correlated with the sediment organic carbon (OC) during both seasons. The characteristic carbonyl (C=O) vibrations at 1650 cm−1 and 1700 cm−1 indicate oxidation of the oil residue. The study recommends further investigation into the type of organics present to evaluate their toxicity and appropriate remediation.

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) in Sediment of Sumba Sea, Nusa Tenggara Timur

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Deny Yogaswara ◽  
Khozanah Khozanah
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Outer Boundary ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Sampling Station ◽  
Tectonic Plate ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Partial Distribution

Sumba Sea is an Indo-Australian tectonic plate transition zone that has a huge biodiversities resources and also behalf of an international shipping lane zone from southern of Indonesia to Australia and New Zealand, and as the return. In addition, Sumba Sea is also a kind of outer boundary of Indonesia, that is necessary to do basic environmental monitoring as the authorities in the management of outer sea zone. Indonesia does not have representative environmental quality database including the pollution of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH). This study purposes to determine the partial distribution and concentration of TPH in sediments in Sumba Sea, East Nusa Tenggara. The research was conducted in August 2016 using Research Vessel of Baruna Jaya VIII. Samples were collected using a box core, preserved in amber glass jar bottle and stored at 4°C for further analysis in the laboratory. In the laboratory, sediment samples were extracted using dichloromethane and n-hexane for three times extraction. Furthermore, samples were evaporated before added by tetrachloroethylene solvent. Samples were measured with Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) at wavelength 2850-2950 cm<sup>-1</sup>. The results showed that the pollution of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) in the Sumba Sea was detected at all sampling station based on identified of hydrocarbon functional groups. The partial distribution of TPH is evenly distributed and covered all stations on low concentrations. The highest concentration of TPH was detected at station 10 as 4.348 ppm

scholarly journals Avaliação do desempenho analítico do método de determinação de TPH (Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon) por detecção no infravermelho

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Nascimento ◽  
R.L. Ziolli ◽  
J.T. Ararun, Jr ◽  
C.S. Pires ◽  
T.B. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Marine Fuel

No presente trabalho os parâmetros de desempenho (validação intralaboratorial) da metodologia de determinação de TPH (Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons) foram determinados por detecção na região do infravermelho com o equipamento da Infracal TOG/TPH, visando aplicação em amostras de areia contaminadas com petróleo. Os ensaios foram realizados utilizando Óleo Marine Fuel 380, com densidade igual 0,987 g cm-3 e viscosidade de 5313 cP a 20°C. Este óleo foi fornecido pelo Centro de Pesquisa da Petrobrás (CENPES/PETROBRÁS/RJ), sendo o mesmo óleo derramado no acidente ocorrido em janeiro de 2000, na Baia de Guanabara, RJ, quando 1.300 m3 vazaram do duto que interliga a REDUC (Refinaria Duque de Caxias, RJ) ao terminal da Ilha d’Água/RJ, atingindo praias. Os resultados da validação indicaram que o desempenho da metodologia foi favorável à aplicação que se destina. Entre os parâmetros metrológicos obtidos neste trabalho, o limite de detecção do método foi de 4,06 mg L-1, consideravelmente inferior à faixa de concentração normalmente obtida para amostras em tais situações.

scholarly journals Bioremediation of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) by Bioaugmentation and Biostimulation in Water with Floating Oil Spill Containment Booms as Bioreactor Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2226
Author(s):  
Khalid Sayed ◽  
Lavania Baloo ◽  
Naresh Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Petroleum Refinery Effluent

A crude oil spill is a common issue during offshore oil drilling, transport and transfer to onshore. Second, the production of petroleum refinery effluent is known to cause pollution due to its toxic effluent discharge. Sea habitats and onshore soil biota are affected by total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) as a pollutant in their natural environment. Crude oil pollution in seawater, estuaries and beaches requires an efficient process of cleaning. To remove crude oil pollutants from seawater, various physicochemical and biological treatment methods have been applied worldwide. A biological treatment method using bacteria, fungi and algae has recently gained a lot of attention due to its efficiency and lower cost. This review introduces various studies related to the bioremediation of crude oil, TPH and related petroleum products by bioaugmentation and biostimulation or both together. Bioremediation studies mentioned in this paper can be used for treatment such as emulsified residual spilled oil in seawater with floating oil spill containment booms as an enclosed basin such as a bioreactor, for petroleum hydrocarbons as a pollutant that will help environmental researchers solve these problems and completely clean-up oil spills in seawater.

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