An Analysis of the Moderating Effect of Perceived Risk on the Relationship among Physical Environment, Consumer Satisfaction, and Loyalty of Extreme Sports Facilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 237-252
Author(s):  
Min Cheol Kim ◽  
Se Won Kim ◽  
Dong Heon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Physical Environment ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Consumer Satisfaction ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Sports Facilities ◽  
Extreme Sports ◽  
The Relationship

How autonomy makes an experience pleasurable: The roles of risk perception and personal control

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-61
Author(s):  
Renaud Lunardo ◽  
Camille Saintives
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Personal Control ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Consumption Experience ◽  
Consumer Autonomy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

This research challenges the notion that autonomy is beneficial for consumers in every situation. Specifically, this research demonstrates across two experiments and one field study that autonomy can lead to pleasure only when risk is low. Importantly, these studies also identify personal control as a mechanism that explains why autonomy makes the consumption experience more or less pleasurable, depending on risk perceptions. In Study 1, we demonstrate that perceived risk moderates the effect that autonomy may have on making the experience pleasurable, with a lack of risk making autonomy increase personal control. Study 2 replicates this moderating effect of risk in a field study. To test if the effects replicate using another type of perceived risk, Study 3 manipulates social risk and replicates its moderating effect on the relationship between autonomy and personal control on the pleasure observed in Studies 1 and 2. Collectively, this research draws attention to the need to consider risk when making consumers autonomous, and it offers novel contributions to the work on consumer autonomy.

scholarly journals Chief executive officer retirement and auditor’s risk assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-361
Author(s):  
Salau Olarinoye Abdulmalik ◽  
Noor Afza Amran ◽  
Ayoib Che-Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Chief Executive Officer ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Client Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This study aims to examine the unique nature of family firms by investigating the moderating effect of chief executive officer (CEO) identity on CEO career horizon and the auditor’s client risk assessment. Consistent with literature on family businesses, the level of CEO attachment to socio-emotional wealth (SEW) varies among family businesses. Design/methodology/approach This study used a longitudinal sample of 2,063 non-financial family firm-year observations from 2005 to 2016 listed on the Bursa Malaysia. The study used the general method of moments (GMM), which controls for endogeneity concerns. Findings The results reveal that, without the moderating effect of CEO identity, the relationship between CEO career horizon and auditor’s risk assessment is positive, which suggests that the auditor’s risk perception of retiring CEOs is very high. However, the interaction of CEO identity reverses the relationship as evidenced by the negative and significant coefficient on the interacted terms. The finding suggests that the auditor’s perceived risk associated with CEO career horizon is lower in family firms with CEOs affiliated to family members or in which the CEO has an equity stake. Overall, the findings provide compelling evidence that the extent of the CEO’s attachment to the firm’s SEW affects the auditor’s client risk assessment. Practical implications The findings of the study serve as an enlightenment to policymakers such as Bursa Malaysia and Security Commission that within the family-controlled firms, differences still exist; therefore, there might be a need for future regulatory initiative to cater for the specific need of family-controlled firms. Originality/value The study contributes to prior literature by departing from the agency theory adopted in previous studies on auditor choice in family firms under the assumption that family firms are homogenous.

Analyzing the Effect of Perceived Risk and Information Diagnosticity on Word-of-Mouth and Viral Marketing

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-81
Author(s):  
Jose Pius Nedumkallel ◽  
Deepak Babu ◽  
Michelle Francis
Keyword(s):  
Brand Loyalty ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Online Reviews ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Viral Marketing ◽  
Marketing Activities ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigates the moderating effect of perceived risk and information diagnosticity on the relationship between brand loyalty and word-of-mouth (WOM) as well as viral marketing activities (VMA) in e-retailer websites. Although extant research in marketing suggests that brand loyalty leads to positive WOM, this study examines the moderating effect of the consumer's perceived risk on this relationship in the context of e-retailer websites where customers repeatedly encounter new and uncertain situations every time they visit the e-retailer. This study also examines the moderating effect of information diagnosticity on the interaction relationship stated earlier. Findings reveal that risk perception negatively moderates the impact of brand loyalty on WOM and VMA and information diagnosticity of online reviews can help reduce the negative perceptions caused by risk factors.

Regulatory changes and audit fees: the moderating effect of overlapping directorship and financial reporting quality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salau Olarinoye Abdulmalik ◽  
Ayoib Che-Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Reporting Quality ◽  
Regulatory Reform ◽  
Audit Fees ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Financial Reporting Quality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Regulatory Changes ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThis study examines the contemporaneous changes in the reporting regime in Nigeria by investigating the effect of regulatory changes on audit fees as well as the moderating effect of overlapping directorship and financial reporting quality.Design/methodology/approachThis study utilises a longitudinal sample of 409 firm-year observations, from 2008 to 2013, of nonfinancial companies listed on the Nigerian stock exchange. The study uses the general method of moments (GMM) to control for endogeneity concerns.FindingsThe results reveal that, without the moderating effect of overlapping directorship and financial reporting quality, the relationship between regulatory changes and audit fees is positive but weak, which suggests that regulatory changes drive cost. Similarly, the interaction of overlapping directorship did not reverse the positive relationship, which suggests the perceived risk associated with overlapping directorship. However, the improvement in financial reporting quality reverses the relationship, as evidenced by the negative and significant coefficient on the interacted terms.Practical implicationsThis study provides useful insights about committee membership overlap to regulatory authorities concerning the weakness of the monitoring ability of such committees.Originality/valueThe results of this study contribute to the growing literature on regulatory reform, audit fees and corporate governance. Specifically, the study provides empirical evidence on the effect of committee overlap on audit fees, which, to the best of the researchers' knowledge, has received no empirical attention in the Nigerian context.

scholarly journals Effect of People, Process and Physical Evidence on Satisfaction of Sikh Pilgrims Visiting Pakistan: Moderating Role of Personal Perceived Risk of Terrorism

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asia Umar Khan ◽  
Gohar Zaman ◽  
Qadar Bakhsh Baloch
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Physical Evidence ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

Purpose: The present study was intended to find out the impact of three important components of marketing mix for tourism i.e. People, Process and Physical Evidence on Satisfaction of Sikh Pilgrims visiting Pakistan and the moderating role of Personal Perceived Risk of Terrorism in the relationship between the aforementioned independent variables and Pilgrims Satisfaction. Design/Methodology/Approach: The present research is based on the philosophy of positivism and it is descriptive and deductive in approach. Data was collected from a sample of 357 Sikh Pilgrims. Multiple linear regression analysis was carried out to test the hypothesized effect of People, Process and Physical Evidence on satisfaction of Sikh Pilgrims and the moderating effect of Personal Perceived Risk of Terrorism. Findings: Findings of the study showed that Physical Evidence and People have a significant positive effect whereas Process has a significant negative effect on satisfaction of Sikh Pilgrims. Personal Perceived Risk of Terrorism was found to have an insignificant moderating effect on the relationship of Process, People and Physical Evidence with Satisfaction. Implications/Originality/Value: The study might help uplift the tourism sector of Pakistan and enhance the relationship between people of different religions of the region.

scholarly journals Moderating Effect of Career on Women Online Shopping Behaviour in South-South, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 143-164
Author(s):  
Titus Chukwuemezie Okeke ◽  
Philomena Uzezi Omodafe ◽  
Greg Amaechi Ezeh ◽  
Basil Chibuike Nwatu
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Career Women ◽  
Shopping Behaviour ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Shopping Environments ◽  
Online Shops ◽  
The Relationship

The study examined the moderating effect of career on women online shopping behaviour. Data for the study were gathered from 330 career women in South-South, Nigeria through structured questionnaire. The study is explored five constructs and evaluated a proposed model explaining the moderating effect of career and the relationship between them. SPSS version 25 was used for preliminary analysis while WarpPLS 7.0 was used in testing the hypothesized relationships. The findings revealed that career moderates the influence of perceived risk, perceived usefulness, performance expectancy and internet self-efficacy in online shopping behaviour among career women while social influence is partially supported and validated from the analysis. The study concludes that the proposed model would serve as a relevant theory that will be helpful in understanding the adoption decisions of career women in working and shopping environments. The study recommends that continuous patronage of online shops by career women can only be guaranteed with improvements in online shopping sites in order to attract and increase traffic to them.

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