scholarly journals The Role of Visual Rhetoric in the Vegetarian Movement: “Meet Your Meat” Video of Animal Torture on the PETA Website

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Desideria C. W. Murti
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
Visual Rhetoric ◽  
Human Memory ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Negative Feeling ◽  
Emotional Appeal ◽  
Negative Feelings ◽  
Dissonance Theory ◽  
Vegetarian Movement

Abstract: Images have the power to create natural representation of reality, vividness in human memory and have rhetorical effect. However, visual rhetoric can create positive and negative feeling to persuade people. Negative feelings can be designed to make emotional reactions and spark action. Consequently, humans will consider ways to deal with the negative and discomfort feelings. In this paper, the writer analyzes the connection between visual rhetoric and emotional appeal by examining the controversial PETA video “Meet your Meat”. The writer will use the visual rhetoric, emotions, and cognitive dissonance theory to analyze the video and increase the understanding about the human emotions, especially disgust and guilt.Abstrak: Gambar memiliki kekuatan untuk menciptakan gambaran realitas yang alami, membuat kejelasan dalam ingatan manusia dan memiliki efek retoris. Namun, retorika visual dapat menciptakan perasaan positif dan negatif untuk membujuk orang. Perasaan negatif dapat dirancang untuk membuat reaksi emosional dan memicu tindakan. Akibatnya, manusia akan mempertimbangkan cara-cara untuk mengatasi perasaan-perasaan negatif dan ketidaknyamanan. Dalam tulisan ini, penulis akan menganalisis hubungan antara retorika visual dan daya tarik emosional dengan mengkaji video kontroversial PETA “Meet your Meat”. Penulis akan menggunakan teori retorika visual, emosi, dan disonansi kognitif untuk menganalisis video dan meningkatkan pemahaman tentang emosi manusia, terutama perasaan jijik dan rasa bersalah.

scholarly journals When election expectations fail: Polarized perceptions of election legitimacy increase with accumulating evidence of election outcomes and with polarized media

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0259473
Author(s):  
Marrissa D. Grant ◽  
Alexandra Flores ◽  
Eric J. Pedersen ◽  
David K. Sherman ◽  
Leaf Van Boven
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fox News ◽  
The Media ◽  
Democrats And Republicans ◽  
Dissonance Theory ◽  
Over Time

The present study, conducted immediately after the 2020 presidential election in the United States, examined whether Democrats’ and Republicans’ polarized assessments of election legitimacy increased over time. In a naturalistic survey experiment, people (N = 1,236) were randomly surveyed either during the week following Election Day, with votes cast but the outcome unknown, or during the following week, after President Joseph Biden was widely declared the winner. The design unconfounded the election outcome announcement from the vote itself, allowing more precise testing of predictions derived from cognitive dissonance theory. As predicted, perceived election legitimacy increased among Democrats, from the first to the second week following Election Day, as their expected Biden win was confirmed, whereas perceived election legitimacy decreased among Republicans as their expected President Trump win was disconfirmed. From the first to the second week following Election Day, Republicans reported stronger negative emotions and weaker positive emotions while Democrats reported stronger positive emotions and weaker negative emotions. The polarized perceptions of election legitimacy were correlated with the tendencies to trust and consume polarized media. Consumption of Fox News was associated with lowered perceptions of election legitimacy over time whereas consumption of other outlets was associated with higher perceptions of election legitimacy over time. Discussion centers on the role of the media in the experience of cognitive dissonance and the implications of polarized perceptions of election legitimacy for psychology, political science, and the future of democratic society.

The effects of perceived deceptiveness and pressure on consumer donation: a mixed-methods study

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-108
Author(s):  
Guang Zhou ◽  
Ke Xue ◽  
Mingyang Yu ◽  
Nianhua Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Perceived Pressure ◽  
Dissonance Theory ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to use a negative perspective to investigate the effects of perceived deceptiveness and pressure on consumer donation and their underlying mechanisms in the context of asking for donations. Design/methodology/approach Study 1 used a qualitative approach to clarify the categories and dimensions of the research variables and explore their relationships. Study 2 empirically tested the hypotheses by combining a fictitious context and a real context related to asking for donations. Findings In the qualitative study, the data provided sufficient evidence to support the relationships in the theoretical model. The results of the empirical study showed that perceived deceptiveness negatively influences consumer donation, while perceived pressure positively affects donation amount. Notably, the discomfort of potential donors plays an important role in mediating these relationships. Practical implications This paper suggests a way for charities to raise more money, i.e. by cooperating with companies with good reputations, limited scandals and transparent supervisory mechanisms. Meanwhile, solicitors should pay attention to the adverse effects of discomfort to avoid generating resentment among consumers. Originality/value First, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to use a negative perspective to examine the effects of perceived deceptiveness and pressure on consumer donation. Second, the use of cognitive dissonance theory to highlight the role of discomfort represents a novel contribution to the literature. Third, using a mixed-methods approach to achieve a robust conclusion provides valuable insights and extends the existing literature.

The Mediating Effect of Overcompensation of Rationalisation on Instrumental Climate and Escalation of Corruption Relationship

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ertambang Nahartyo ◽  
Frida Fanani Rohma ◽  
Lufi Yuwana Mursita
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Master's Degree ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Cognitive Dissonance Theory ◽  
Master’S Degree ◽  
Dissonance Theory ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper employs cognitive dissonance theory to investigate the mediating effect of Overcompensation of Rationalisation (OCR) on instrumental climate and escalation of corruption relationship. Moreover, this study examines the role of loyalty as a moderator to reduce the impact of instrumental climate on OCR. This study uses laboratory experiments with 94 master’s degree students as participants. The results show that OCR fully mediates the relationship between the instrumental climate and the escalation of corruption. Instrumental climate leads an individual to OCR, which impacts on the corruption escalation. The analysis also shows that loyalty can moderate the effect of instrumental climate on OCR. It indicates that a level of loyalty enables an individual to filter the impact of instrumental climate on OCR. Besides, the intention of corruption also contributes to the escalation and snowballing effect of corruption. Surprisingly, it is also found that individuals with their experiences tend to be more expert, skilful, and efficient in committing acts of corruption. Those enable the perpetrator to be corrupt smoothly; the amount of corruption, in aggregate, is more massive without the increase of maximum scores so it can lead the evaluator on.

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