Multi-Actor Platforms in the Water–Agriculture Nexus: Synergies and Long-Term Meaningful Engagement

Solutions to current complex environmental challenges demand the consultation and involvement of various groups in society. In light of the WFD’s requirements of public participation, this paper presents an analysis of the establishment and development of nine different multi-actor platforms (MAPs) across Europe set up as arenas for long-term engagements to solve water quality challenges in relation to agriculture. The MAPs represent different histories and legacies of engagement; some are recent initiatives and some are affiliated with previous government-initiated projects, while other MAPs are long-term engagement platforms. A case study approach drawing on insights from the nine engagement processes is used to discuss conditions for enabling long-term multi-actor engagement. The perceived pressure for change and preferred prioritization in complying with mitigating water quality problems vary within and among the MAPs. The results show that governmental and local actors’ concern for water quality improvements and focusing on pressure for change are important for establishing meaningful multi-actor engagement when concerns translate into a clear mandate of the MAP. Furthermore, the degree to which the MAPs have been able to establish relationships and networks with other institutions such as water companies, agricultural and environmental authorities, farmers, and civil society organizations influences possibilities for long-term meaningful engagement.

SP2.1.12Use of the eLogbook in surgical training in the United Kingdom: A nationwide survey and consensus recommendations from the Association of Surgeons in Training

Introduction Operative cases recording is essential to demonstrate experience. However, indicative numbers may incentivise overstatement or misrepresentation of experience. This study aimed to determine the perceptions of eLogbook use by UK trainees. Methods An anonymous online questionnaire was disseminated electronically using a yield-maximization strategy. Mixed methods evaluation of quantitative and qualitative data was used. Based on the results of this survey, a modified Delphi process was conducted within the Council of the Association of Surgeons in Training to develop recommendations for eLogbook improvement. Results Analysis included 906 complete responses (34.8% female) from all UK specialities and all training grades. More than two-thirds (68.5%) believed that overstatement of case involvement occurs and almost a third (32.7%) had witnessed overstatement. A fifth (20.8%) witnessed trainees logging cases not participated in, yet few (15.1%) had raised such an issue with a supervisor. Feeling pressured to overstate involvement and number recorded was reported by more than a quarter (28.6% and 28.1%) of respondents. Almost a third (31.5%) felt that indicative case numbers were not achievable. Female trainees were less likely to feel well supervised (p = 0.022) and to perceive targets for training completion were achievable (p = 0.005). Thematic analysis identified four key themes to explain logbook misuse: Pressure to achieve training milestones; eLogbook functionality issues; training deficiencies and probity. Conclusions Inaccurate operative recording was widely reported, largely in response to perceived pressure to achieve career progression targets. Operative logbooks may not be as accurate as intended. Consensus recommendations are made for improvement in the eLogbook and its use.

Exploring the Experience of Anxiety Among Final Year Students at University: A Thematic Analysis

The transition from undergraduate study to a postgraduate career can be an anxiety provoking experience for many students. In this study, we explore the shared experience of five “anxious” undergraduate students as they transition from higher education towards their postgraduate careers. Using a qualitative methodology, semi-structured interviews were conducted with five female undergraduate students from different courses at a UK university. A thematic analysis revealed two overarching themes: perceived pressure without sufficient support, and concerns about next steps. The findings suggested the final year is emotionally demanding, and students felt as though there was a lack of provision to manage their transition to postgraduate work or study. Possible implications for policymakers are detailed and areas for research are discussed.

Assessing the Individual Interviewer Rapport-Building and Supportive Techniques of the R-NICHD Protocol

The use of the rapport-building and supportive techniques formulated by the R-NICHD protocol is intended to support children and increase the quality of their statements as well as disclosures without possessing suggestive potential. While the effectiveness of the entire R-NICHD protocol for children who have actually experienced child sexual abuse (CSA) has been supported by research, to date no study assessed the effect of each individual socio-emotional interview technique in both interviewees with and without CSA experiences. The current study aimed to address this gap in research by means of an online vignette-study, asking participants to rate the identified rapport-building and supportive techniques on the scales well-being, willingness to talk, and perceived pressure. A total of 187 participants were randomly assigned to either a hypothetical “abused” or a hypothetical “not abused” group by means of a vignette-manipulation. The results suggest that many socio-emotional interview techniques were perceived as supportive and non-suggestive, while a number of techniques were perceived as not supportive but suggestive. Few differences emerged between the hypothetical “abused” group and the hypothetical “not abused” control group. To conclude, most but not all rapport-building and supportive techniques proposed by the R-NICHD protocol had a positive effect on interviewees.

Pressure to be Thin from a Religious Source Increases Perceived Pressure to be Thin in Women

Pressure to be thin through thin-idealization norms is something that women contend with daily in today’s world. Increased research has explored the effects this pressure can have on attitudes about the self. Religious beliefs and behaviors have been linked to decreased perceived pressure and positive body attitudes and behaviors. However, religious beliefs and behaviors have also been linked to negative outcomes in this area. This study explores the impact of pressure to be thin from a religious source. One hundred fifty-three women were either presented with pressure statements from a religious source, a family/friend source, or read no pressure statements. Women who read religious pressure statements reported more pressure to be thin than those in the control or family/friend pressure conditions.

536 Is mothers’ perceived pressure associated with infant sleep-related parenting practices?

Introduction Studies suggest that feeling pressure about parenting practices is related to higher levels of stress. However, little is known about the pressure mothers feel about infant sleep-related parenting practices. This is surprising, considering that mothers are often exposed to contradictory information about infant sleep. This exploratory study aimed to 1) identify the proportion of mothers of 6-month-old infants who report feeling pressure about their sleep-related parenting practices and 2) assess the relationships between demographic factors and perceived pressure, and between parenting practices and perceived pressure. Methods Fifty-four mothers of 6-month-old infants completed a demographic questionnaire and the Sleep Practices Questionnaire (SPQ). Mothers were asked, “Have you ever felt pressure about your parenting choices and practices related to your child’s sleep?”. Responses ranged from never to always. Linear regressions were conducted to assess the concurrent associations between demographic factors (maternal age, maternal education, parity) and perceived pressure, and between sleep-related parenting practices (feeding method, frequency of bed-sharing, picking up or not picking up the infant when he/she cries at night) and perceived pressure. Results Analyses revealed that 5.6% of mothers reported feeling pressure constantly, 20.4% reported feeling pressure quite often, 46.3% reported feeling pressure sometimes, and about a quarter (27.7%) reported feeling pressure rarely or never. Lower maternal education and breastfeeding were associated with feeling more pressure about sleep-related parenting practices (p < .05). Furthermore, mothers reporting that they (or their partner) pick up their infant when he/she cries at night were more likely to report feeling pressure (p < .01). Maternal age, parity, and frequency of bed-sharing were not associated with feeling pressure (p > .05). Conclusion The majority of mothers (72.3%) in our sample reported feeling pressure about their sleep-related parenting practices at least sometimes, suggesting that this experience is quite common. Lower maternal education, breastfeeding, and picking up the infant to comfort him/her during the night were associated with higher perceived pressure. Future studies should examine feelings of pressure about sleep-related parenting practices in larger samples of mothers and investigate whether fathers share similar concerns. Moreover, identifying the potential sources of these feelings would represent an interesting clinical avenue. Support (if any) SSHRC, FRQS

The Turkish version of the SPPIC validated among informal caregivers with a Turkish immigrant background

Background This study assesses the internal consistency and known group validity of the Turkish version of the SPPIC, a measurement instrument to assess the self perceived pressure from informal care in family caregivers of people with dementia that was originally in Dutch. Methods The feasibility, comprehensibility and appropriateness of the Turkish SPPIC were assessed during a pilot test. Internal consistency was examined based on data from 117 family caregivers with a Turkish immigrant background by calculating Cronbach’s alpha and by conducting a single-factor Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Known group validity was determined to obtain an understanding of the validity of the translated instrument, testing differences in the self-perceived pressure from informal care, depending on frequency of caregiving, living with a person with dementia and level of education. Results The pilot test showed that the translated SPPIC was considered to be feasible, comprehensible and appropriate. The internal consistency appeared to be strong (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.94). The CFA indicated that the factor ‘Self-perceived Pressure from Informal Care’ explained varying levels of variance in the items of the SPPIC (ranging from .52 to .87). Family caregivers who provided care at least once a week and who shared a home with a person with dementia perceived a greater pressure from informal care (p = 0.007, p = 0.001). Conclusions The Turkish translation of the SPPIC can be used in future research and practice to obtain insight into self-perceived pressure from informal care of family caregivers with Turkish immigrant backgrounds. At the same time it is recommended to conduct more research on how the measurement of self-perceived pressure from informal care in this group can be further improved.