Transformational Leadership Versus Shared Leadership for Team Effectiveness

This study aims at investigating the effect of transformational leadership and shared leadership on dimensions of team effectiveness and the mediating role of teamwork orientation. The data were collected from members of working teams in companies of different fields in Vietnam. The results show that both transformational leadership and shared leadership are significantly associated to team effectiveness including team performance, quality of team experience, and team viability. The effects of transformational leadership are more robust compared to those of shared leadership while both leadership styles are dramatically relevant to team viability. In addition, teamwork orientation serves as a significant partial mediator in the relationship between transformational leadership, shared leadership, and dimensions of team effectiveness. The study is an early research in evaluating the effect of transformational leadership and shared leadership on three dimensions of team effectiveness, namely team performance, quality of team experience, and team viability. It is also the very first to explore the mediating role of teamwork orientation in the effect of leadership approaches on components of team effectiveness. The study offers interesting empirical evidence of an under-researched Asian emerging economy – Vietnam – so providing practical implications for companies in Vietnamese context in particular and similar Asian economies.

Competitiveness of International Airports Production Infrastructure in Global Air Transportation Market: Comprehensive Situational Model

The article summarises the essence of airport infrastructure and explores the roles of production airport infrastructure in the world air transport system. It is noted that airport infrastructure is a complex dynamic subsystem of global production infrastructure of the world economy and is aimed at providing competitive air transportation services. It is substantiated that the competitive production infrastructure of international airports is a key element of the economic development of countries in the world economy. In particular, reliable airport infrastructure is one of the key factors in increasing the countries capacity for real economic growth, both in the short and long term. Generalised and systematic views of scientists have led to the conclusion that today there is no single universally accepted methodology that would comprehensively explore and evaluate the competitiveness of the airport's infrasystem, and identify its strengths and weaknesses. Therefore, this study aims to develop and substantiate the methodology for assessing the level of competitiveness of the production infrastructure of international airports in the global aviation market. The proposed methodological approach makes it possible to provide a practical assessment of the competitiveness of the airport's infrasystem, taking into account the wide range of indicators, converted through a fuzzy linguistic approach. It should be noted that the main purpose of creating and implementing an evaluation system is to facilitate the successful implementation of the competitiveness management functions of the production infrastructure of international airports in the global aviation market. The developed model may be used by international aviation organisations and governments in the process of strategic planning of the air transport development.

Exploring Strategic Choices of Airlines: A Study in Turkish Air Transport Industry

Inter-firm competition in the field of aviation, which accelerates through liberalisation and globalisation trends, has been investigated by numerous studies in the post-deregulation era; however, it has not been adequately addressed in Turkish aviation market. The aim of this study is to unveil the business strategies and strategic typologies of Turkish passenger carriers, as well as the degree of involvement of firms in the strategic planning process, the current outlook, and the competitive structure of the Turkish passenger air transport industry. The research is designed in a way to collect data through interviews with senior executives of the airlines. In terms of findings, the study concludes that five scheduled airlines and three charter airlines have attempted to implement more than one generic strategy at the same time as an “integrated cost and differentiation strategy,” with the primary strategy being cost leadership. Moreover, the passenger carriers in question displayed the features of “analysers-defenders” mainly linked to the competitive typology viewpoint. This study is believed to lead to a deeper understanding of potential explanations why companies have made specific strategic choices regarding generic strategies and strategic approaches. Regulators, individual companies operating in the aviation industry and prospective companies, investors, etc. can use the results of the study to regulate the market, better understand their competitors, set their priorities and plans, evaluate, and assess the market.

Do Customers Adopt Auto Ijarah Financing? The Case of Pakistan

The present study examines the factors affecting customer intention to use auto financing (ijarah) in Pakistan. The research framework is constructed based on the theory of reasoned action, which explains behavioural intention and its determinants. The study incorporates the participation of 350 potential customers of auto ijarah in Pakistan. Data analysis was conducted with structural equation modelling (SEM), assessing the measurement, and structural model. The outcome indicates that attitude, perceived cost benefits, Sharia compliance, religious orientation, and subjective norm are the significant predictors of customer intentions. We also found a statistically insignificant association between awareness and customer intentions. The results hold significance for the Islamic banking and financial service providers. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the factors that contribute to the adoption of auto ijarah among potential Islamic bank customers.

Earnings Management and New Listings: Evidence from Vietnam

Earnings management around corporate events has been widely discussed in literature review which has shown mixed results. Furthermore, prior studies have extensively focused on earnings management around initial public offerings (IPOs) and seasoned equity offerings (SEOs), while less attention has been given to the listing event. Another motivation comes from the context of the undeveloped market. While earnings management has been widely discussed in developed countries, it is still limited in emerging countries in general and in Vietnam in particular, due to the lack of research on this phenomenon and the unique institutional feature and pre-listing profit requirement in Vietnam’s stock market. This research is conducted to investigate the earnings management behaviour around listing event in Vietnam. The sample of this study consists of financial data from 189 newly listed companies on the Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange (HOSE) for the period of 2009–2017. Four cross-sectional models were used to estimate earnings management, including two total accruals-based models and two current accruals-based models. This research makes important contributions to the body of literature on Vietnam’s stock market. First, this study provides empirical evidence suggesting a greater positive earnings management practice of newly listed firms in current accrual models than those in total accrual models. Second, the results from both parametric and non-parametric test statistics show that HOSE-listed firms present higher levels of earnings management in the year prior to the listing than those in post-listing year and two subsequent years after listing. Finally, new listing requirements in 2012 require the company’s return on equity (ROE) in the most recent year to be at least 5%. However, the paper finds no evidence to suggest that relative to all newly listed firms after the new profit requirement exhibit greater positive earnings management than that of firms listed before the change in pre-listing year.

The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility and Board Gender Diversity on Bankruptcy: Evidence from Korea

This study investigates whether corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities and board gender diversity affect bankruptcy. The core issue focuses on the moderating effect between CSR activities and board gender diversity on bankruptcy. Using 4,654 firmyear observations from a sample of 581 non-financial firms listed on the Korean Stock Exchange over the period 2009–2017, we employ the fixed effect estimation and two-way fixed effect estimation of panel analysis to control endogenous. We find firms engaging more in CSR activities reduce the level of bankruptcy, but board gender diversity does not reduce the level of bankruptcy due to tiny portion of female director in the boardroom. The moderating effect on the relationship between CSR activities and board gender diversity reduce the level of bankruptcy. This result indicates that the influence of female directors on the boards of Korean listed firms is not yet strong but board gender diversity with good CSR activities positively operate to reduce the level of bankruptcy.

The Mediating Roles of GDP on the Relationship Between Income Inequality and Life Expectancy

This study examined the mediation effect of gross domestic product (GDP) on the relationship between life expectancy and income inequality based on data from 23 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries for 2004 through 2014. To form a theoretical framework, Preston curve and Kuznets curve were employed. The study set up a mediation model with life expectancy as an outcome variable, GDP as a mediator variable, and three variables characterising income inequality as predictor variables: Gini index, income share held by highest 20%, and poverty headcount ratio at US$1.90 a day. The study found that GDP clearly mediates the effects of the predictor variables on life expectancy, although the magnitudes of the effects vary. This study takes an important initial step in exploring the mediation effect of GDP on the relationship between life expectancy and income inequality.

Talent Retention: A Mediator of the Relationship Between Talent Management Strategies and Succession Planning

Succession planning is becoming a focus point for discussion in business world as very few organisations are prepared with their successors for occupying the position as and when it is needed. With special reference to Indian pharmaceutical companies, where talent is critical and rare in nature, this becomes a more crucial requirement. This paper, by integrating theory of Internal Labour Market (ILM), deals with the relationship among talent identification (TID), talent development (TD), talent retention (TR), and succession planning in Indian pharmaceutical companies. A survey method was used for collecting the response of senior level managers of pharmaceutical companies located in Hyderabad, India, and the hypothetical model and structural relationships were tested via structural equation modelling (SEM). The findings of the research present that TR plays a role of mediator in the relationship of TID, TD and succession planning in organisations. This study helps pharmaceutical companies to be future ready for succession planning by using their regular talent management strategies skilfully. This study beautifully develops an empirical relationship between TID, TD, and succession planning with the mediating effect of TR. Research also brings out the theoretical importance of ILM theory. This, as per best of researchers’ knowledge, was not presented in earlier research on talent management or on succession planning.

Overt dependence of health insurance industry on healthcare system

A vast majority of the population in the developing economies remains uninsured. Moreover, the informal sector that employs a larger section of the society is untouched by any of the government scheme. In this study, we use health belief model to examine the factors that induce willingness to buy health insurance among the illness and the non-illness group. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,339 participants above 20 years of age of which 351 had contracted illness in the past and 988 had not. Data was collected using questionnaire from four highly populated districts in India. The questionnaire was developed based on the constructs of health belief model. The data was statistically analysed. Kendall’s Tau-b correlation technique was used to explore the relationship between perceived vulnerability and product aversion. Logistic regression was used to find out the odds at which each independent variable, categorised based on the health belief model, contributes to willingness to buy. The model was able to predict 15% of the variance for willingness-to-buy among the illness and 27% among the non-illness groups. Findings suggest that the perceived vulnerability reduced product aversion among the illness group. Mere presence of primary and super-specialty hospitals was not sufficient for the illness group to subscribe for health insurance. Income perceptions emerged as a significant predictor among the illness group. Presence of well-established hospital, income perceptions, and subjective norms were significant predictors among the non-illness group. The growth of the health insurance industry largely depends upon the presence of well-established hospitals. In the absence of adequate healthcare facilities, attempts by the insurers to promote insurance covers will become futile. Insurers should also consider alternate segmentation patterns albeit the present socio-demographic pattern, as the health risk experience differs among individuals.

Twenty-five years of the Asian Academy of Management Journal (AAMJ): Intellectual structure mapping and bibliometric review

In commemoration of the 25th anniversary of the Asian Academy of Management Journal (AAMJ), this study presents a general overview on the publication structure of the journal from 1996 to 2019. The study identifies the most productive authors, universities, and countries mainly using the Scopus database. It also enlists the most cited documents of the journal. Besides, the study graphically maps the intellectual structure based on co-citation, bibliographic coupling, and co-occurrence of authors’ keywords. The findings show the prominent Asian profile of the journal where most of the contributions come from the Asian countries and the universities. Specifically, authors from Malaysia and India remain the most frequent contributors. These findings provide readers of AAMJ with an objective overview of the trends of the journal. The study may be useful for future contributors as it provides inputs for the future research agenda.