scholarly journals Digital vector of Ukraine development: formation of national industry of oceanographic geospatial data

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 266-275
Author(s):  
О.A. Shchyptsov
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Geospatial Data ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Digital Products ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Ocean Science ◽  
Oceanographic Data ◽  
The Law ◽  
Business Entities

A step-by-step deployment of work on the creation of a national geospatial data infrastructure within the digital development of Ukraine is considered. The goals of mentioned infrastructure are as follows: provision of the open access to data, in particular the data and knowledge of scientific researches and observations; involvement of the national oceanographic scientific community in the global network of “big data”, further commercialization of research results, creation of innovations, digital products and services. The digital industry of oceanographic geospatial data is expected to become one of the components of the national digital geospatial data infrastructure. It will primarily cover the oceanography, considering the scale and complexity of hydrophysical processes in the oceans, the multifaceted impact and use of data for the sustainable development and economic activity; as well as conceptually modernize data production and disposal. The article presents an analysis of the Law on the National Infrastructure of Geospatial Data regarding the provisions that have to be fulfilled by the holders of oceanographic data. Considering that in accordance to the Law the national geospatial data infrastructure does not cover the entire array of collected oceanographic data, additional preparatory measures are proposed for the formation of a modern infrastructure and digital industry of oceanographic data. Creation of a modern digital industry of oceanographic data requires concerted efforts and consolidated actions of the state, scientific community, business entities and interested civil society. Its creation will ensure an appropriate level of participation and form a positive image of Ukraine in the framework of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021—2030).

scholarly journals What is a firm? A reply to Jean-Philippe Robé

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Simon Deakin ◽  
David Gindis ◽  
Geoffrey M. Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of The Firm ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
Everyday Language ◽  
Modern Capitalism ◽  
Legal Foundations ◽  
Common Parlance ◽  
The Law ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Way

Abstract In his recent book on Property, Power and Politics, Jean-Philippe Robé makes a strong case for the need to understand the legal foundations of modern capitalism. He also insists that it is important to distinguish between firms and corporations. We agree. But Robé criticizes our definition of firms in terms of legally recognized capacities on the grounds that it does not take the distinction seriously enough. He argues that firms are not legally recognized as such, as the law only knows corporations. This argument, which is capable of different interpretations, leads to the bizarre result that corporations are not firms. Using etymological and other evidence, we show that firms are treated as legally constituted business entities in both common parlance and legal discourse. The way the law defines firms and corporations, while the product of a discourse which is in many ways distinct from everyday language, has such profound implications for the way firms operate in practice that no institutional theory of the firm worthy of the name can afford to ignore it.

High resolution mapping of the Arctic Ocean deepest area: Molloy Hole

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Ivaldi ◽  
Maurizio Demarte ◽  
Massimiliano Nannini ◽  
Giuseppe Aquino ◽  
Cosimo Brancati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Ocean Science ◽  
Global Geodynamics ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Seabed Mapping ◽  
Resolution Mapping

<p>New hydro-oceanographic data were collected in the Arctic Ocean during HIGN NORTH20 marine geophysical campaign performed in July 2020, in a COVID-19 pandemic period. HIGH NORTH20 was developed as part of the IT-Navy HIGH NORTH program, a Pluriannual Joint Research Program in the Arctic devoted to contribute to oceans knowledge in order to ensure ocean science improving conditions for sustainable development of the Ocean in the aim of United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable development and the GEBCO - SEABED 2030 project. In order to contribute in exploration and high-resolution seabed mapping new data was collected using a multibeam echosounder (EM 302 - 30 kHz). The particular sea ice environmental condition with open-sea allowed to survey and mapping the Molloy Hole, the deepest sector of the Arctic Ocean, a key area in the global geodynamics and oceanographic context. A 3D model of the Molloy Hole (804 km<sup>2</sup>) and the detection of the deepest seafloor (5567m - 79° 08.9’ N 002° 47.0’ E) was obtained with a 10x10m grid in compliance to the IHO standards.</p>

RIGHT OF ACTION TO CHALLENGE TRANSACTIONS THAT RESULT IN FOREIGN INVESTORS GAINING CONTROL OVER BUSINESS ENTITIES OF STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 112-138
Author(s):  
D.A. FEDYAEV
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Foreign Investor ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Right Of Action ◽  
Judicial Proceedings ◽  
The Law ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Right

In the Russian Federation, as in a number of other economically developed countries, there are legal restrictions on the admission of foreign investors to participate in commercial corporate organizations of strategic importance for national defence and state security. Failure by foreign investors to comply with this mechanism leads to the nullity of transactions and, as a consequence, to legal disputes, the subject of which are mainly restitution claims. There have been numerous problems and academic debates in recent court practice regarding the reasons and the possibility of satisfying such claims. In particular, in view of the changed circumstances after the conclusion of the contested transaction, the real public interest is not always visible pursued by the claim for application of consequences of its invalidity. The author proposes that in the course of judicial proceedings in such cases, when the defendant raises the relevant reasoned objections, not only to state the fact of violation of the law by a foreign investor, but also to reveal the public interest defended by the foreign investor. The author proposes that, in such cases, the defendant’s arguments should not be limited to stating that the foreign investor has breached the law. If one is not established, a claim may be dismissed under certain conditions, taking into account established doctrinal approaches to the understanding of the right of action.

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