HOLOCENE ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE IN SOUTH-EAST ALTAI EVIDENCED BY SOIL RECORD

The soils of Russian Altai highlands were used as a paleoenvironmental archive, as a source of dating material, and as a chronostratigraphic marker to describe Holocene environmental change in the studied area. Based on calibration intervals of 14C dates obtained for buried humus horizons (11 buried soils in 6 studied soil-sedimentary sequences) and some dates from pendants of contemporary soils, following stages of pedogenesis were recorded in studied soil-sedimentary systems and surface soils: 6.4 – 11.5 ky cal BP; about 4.9-5.3 cal BP; 2.5-3.8 cal BP; 0.6 – 1.2 cal BP. All studied surface soils in the basins nowadays develop in cold, ultra-continental water deficit conditions: Skeletic Kastanozems Cambic, Skeletic Cambisols Protocalcic, Skeletic Cambic Calcisol Yermic. The most extreme conditions of soil formation within Holocene were within the last 1-2 kyr. All buried soils were formed in better conditions, more balanced in water, with higher biological activity, mostly within steppe or forest-steppe landscapes. Cryogenic features had been insisting all over the Holocene till nowadays. Water demandant cryogenic features are met in buried soils up to the age of 1-2 ky cal BP. In the last millennia cryogenic processes are suppressed, water demandant features gave way to those which can be formed in contemporary water deficit conditions: simple fissures, frost sorting, and shattering. At lower levels (Kuraj basin) more or less arid cold steppe conditions insisted within the most part of Holocene. Initial stages of soil formation were often ground water affected, or at least shortly waterlogged. At the highest positions humid and relatively warm Early Holocene stage of forest pedogenesis is recorded for the beginning of Holocene, and a Late Holocene (last 3-4 kyr) cold humid phase, presumably under mountain tundra and/or alpines. Microsedimentary intra-soil record in carbonatehumus pendants imprints fine fluctuations of soil water regime at initial stages of soil formation, controlled by local topography, and climatic changes in the second half of Holocene. General trends of environmental changes in the region recorded in soil and soil sedimentary systems are in well correspondence with other records of paleonvironment.

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Radiocarbon Dating of Buried Holocene Soils in Siberia

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/s0033822200064717 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 113-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lyubov A Orlova ◽

Valentina S Zykina

Keyword(s):

Radiocarbon Dating ◽

Climate Changes ◽

Soil Formation ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Buried Soils ◽

Forest Environment ◽

The Holocene ◽

Holocene Climatic Optimum ◽

Time Period ◽

Two Stages

We have constructed a detailed chronological description of soil formation and its environments with data obtained on radiocarbon ages, palynology, and pedology of the Holocene buried soils in the forest steppe of western and central Siberia. We studied a number of Holocene sections, which were located in different geomorphic situations. Radiocarbon dating of materials from several soil horizons, including soil organic matter (SOM), wood, peat, charcoal, and carbonates, revealed three climatic periods and five stages of soil formation in the second part of the Holocene. 14C ages of approximately 6355 BP, 6020 BP, and 5930 BP showed that the longest and most active stage is associated with the Holocene Climatic Optimum, when dark-grey soils were formed in the forest environment. The conditions of birch forest steppe favored formation of chernozem and associated meadow-chernozem and meadow soils. Subboreal time includes two stages of soil formation corresponding to lake regressions, which were less intense than those of the Holocene Optimum. The soils of that time are chernozem, grassland-chernozem, and saline types, interbedded with thin peat layers 14C dated to around 4555 B P, 4240 BP and 3480 BP, and 3170 B P. Subatlantic time includes two poorly developed hydromorphic paleosols formed within inshore parts of lakes and chernozem-type automorphic paleosol. The older horizon was formed during approximately 2500–1770 BP, and the younger one during approximately 1640–400 B P. The buried soils of the Subatlantic time period also attest to short episodes of lake regression. The climate changes show an evident trend: in the second part of the Atlantic time period it was warmer and drier than at present, and in the Subboreal and Subatlantic time periods the climate was cool and humid.

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Lateglacial and Holocene environmental change in the area of Samogitian Upland (NW Lithuania): records from Lopaičiai and Pakastuva sites

Baltica ◽

10.5200/baltica.2015.28.14 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 163-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Meilutė Kabailienė ◽

Giedrė Vaikutienė ◽

Lina Macijauskaitė ◽

Eugenija Rudnickaitė ◽

Rimantė Guobytė ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Change ◽

Lake Sediment ◽

Vegetation Cover ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Sediment Cores ◽

14C Dating ◽

Plant Macrofossil ◽

Study Results ◽

Environmental Development ◽

Holocene Environmental Change

Pollen, plant macrofossil and carbonate analyses supplemented with 14C dating were applied for Lopaičiai hollow and Pakastuva Lake sediment sequences. The new data obtained from two sediment cores were used to reconstruct vegetation cover and environmental changes during Lateglacial and Holocene in Samogitian Upland (NW Lithuania). Different burial conditions of dead ice blocks caused different time of lake sediment start in studied sites. The depositional and vegetation cover history is traced starting at pre-Allerød time in sediment sequence from Lopaičiai core. However, sediment sequence from Pakastuva core provides paleoenvironmental information starting only from the very beginning of Holocene. The study results bring more light on environmental development during Lateglacial and Holocene of specific ice marginal area, which is interlobate insular upland.

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Features Results of ancient soils paleopedological studying near v. Troyanove on Kyrovogradschyna

Physical Geography and Geomorphology ◽

10.17721/phgg.2018.1.08 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 89 (1) ◽

pp. 53-60

Author(s):

Zhanna Matviyishyna ◽

Oleksandr Parkhomenko

Keyword(s):

Soil Formation ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Climatic Changes ◽

Cold Climate ◽

Upper Paleolithic ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Buried Soils ◽

Modern Soil ◽

Human Habitation ◽

Siliceous Material

The old (Upper Pleistocene and modern soils inside of ancient settlement near v. Troyanove on Kyrovogradschyna (Ukraine) during complex archeological investigation with archeologist L.L. Zaliznyak. The paleopedological method with wide applying of geoarcheological approach was using for to set soil types, trends of development and changes of climate in time as result of comparing of ancient and modern soils. According to invitation of doctor of historic sincere archeologist prof. L.L. Zaliznyak authors studied Upper Paleolithic soils inside of ancient settlement near v. Troyanove on Kyrovogradschyna. The aim of studying were: to determined types of the buried soils; according possibility to reconstruct human habitation nature conditions of the last; to set trends of climatic changes in time. The publications which have attention to the trend of Holocene soils development; the profiles of ancient and inside of ancient v. Troyanove on Kyrovogradschyna. The aims studying were: to determined types of the buried soils; according possibility to reconstruct human habitation nature condition of the last; to set trends of climatic changes in time. The publications which have attention to the trend of Holocene soils development and profiles of ancient and modern soils were analyzed. The last were studied in the 3-th section, but only in the section 1 and 2 archeological artifacts were found out. In the section 1 siliceous material was laying lower of modern soil in Bug loess above vitachiv soil surface. In the section 2 modern chernozem had thickness 0,8-0,9 m and in lower part had erosion loud withBug loess where archeological material we concentrating in sediments. So, in the 1 section as well as in the 2-th section there were artifacts in the upper part of the Bug loess (about 24000 BP). Losses, that were keeping, according paleopedological (including micromorphological) data signs of formation in the cold or temperate-cold climate of steppe with spreading of rarely forest and bushes in the river valleys and gullies. May be there was the stage of sediments interraption between big loess and modern soil formation. In the section 3 background soil is represented by the Holocene chernozem about 0,9 m thick with clear Pk. Comparing modern and ancient soil (the last with siliceous material) allowed to conclude about grow warm conditions of climate for modern soil formation. In the modern time territory is disposing in the forest-steppe zone of temperate-warm climate, but in the Paleolyte conditions of temperate-cold or cold steppe climate were prevailed. More late investigations allowed to summary red data about nature conditions of habitant living in Kyrovogradschyna in the monography under redaction of L. L. Zaliznyak with coauthors Matviyishyna Zh. and S. Doroshkevich of 2013 “Ancient last of Novomyrgorodschina” (in Ukrainian).

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Self-regulation and management of fertility restoration of typical chernozem in agroecosystems

Agricultural science and practice ◽

10.15407/agrisp3.02.063 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 63-78

Author(s):

O. Demydenko ◽

V. Velichko

Keyword(s):

Environmental Changes ◽

Self Regulation ◽

Soil Formation ◽

Self Organization ◽

Natural Soil ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Porous Space ◽

Left Bank ◽

Typical Chernozem ◽

The Impact

Aim. To investigate the process of enhancing the self-organization and self-regulation of chernozem towards natural organization under the impact of long-term soil-protective surface tillage and to determine its impact on enhancing the ability of chernozem to adapt to environmental changes, preserving agroecological stability of the agroecosystem of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field, laboratory, computational, mathematical and statistical. Results. The complex years-long studies (1992–2015) demonstrated that the com- bination of soil-protective technologies of cultivating crops in the agroecosystems is a factor of affecting the character, orientation and self-regulation of energy- and mass exchange in a complicated network of interac- tions and interrelations of chernozems in agroecosystems. The determinant and governing impact in restoring the fertility of typical chernozem in the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine is soil-protective technologies of cultivating agricultural crops, based on surface tillage. The energy-wise appropriateness of creating the porous space of chernozem in conditions of soil-protective treatment should be deemed as thermodynamic code of soil formation or the process of implementing the “memory” about the morphogenicity of spatial soil form of chernozem of a high self-organization degree, which is in direct correlation with the process of enhancing the residual features of natural soil formation and accumulative orientation of fertility indices. Conclusions. The soil-protective system of agriculture should be viewed as a complex of methods and technologies of systemic or ecologically reasonable use of anthropogenic and natural energy resources. It creates the background to solve the main problem of agriculture – rational use of chernozem fertility with simultaneous extensive resto- ration, which ensures more complete use of the bioclimatic potential with optimal exploitation of natural and anthropogenic resources of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe territory.

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Soil and ecological division into districts of the Baikal region

Geodesy and Cartography ◽

10.22389/0016-7126-2018-940-10-54-64 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 940 (10) ◽

pp. 54-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

I.A. Belozertseva ◽

A.A. Sorokovoj

Keyword(s):

Baikal Region ◽

Soil Cover ◽

Soil Formation ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Leading Role ◽

Soil Cover Structure ◽

Reflecting Surface ◽

Heat And Moisture ◽

Made In

On the basis of long-term researches of soils in the territory of Russia and Mongolia soil and ecological division into districts of the Baikal region is carried out. At division into districts the whole set of an environment of soil formation was considered. On the map of soil and ecological division into districts 13 mountain, mid-mountain, low-mountain taiga, foothill, hollow-valley, forest-steppe and steppe provinces reflecting surface device originality as the ratio of balance of heat and moisture forming a basis to zoning is shown against the background of difficult orography are allocated. In total 42 districts on lithologic-geomorphological features are allocated. In formation of distinctions of a soil cover of these provinces the leading role is played by bioclimatic factors and inside them the lithologic-geomorphological ones. In the view of structural approach of the district they are considered as territories with a certain natural change of several types of the soil cover structure caused by features of a relief and the parent rock. The map is made in the MapInfo program. It is revealed that on ill-defined width zoning of soils the vertical one which has a greater influence on soils of this region is imposed. Soils of the Baikal region are not similar to the soils located at the same latitude of the flat European territory of Russia. Zone soils of this territory are specific and original.

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MICROMORPHOLOGY OF BURIED SOILS IN CENTRAL ALASKA: A PETROGRAPHIC APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING SOIL FORMATION DURING THE LATE PLEISTOCENE AND HOLOCENE IN INTERIOR SUBARCTIC LOWLANDS

10.1130/abs/2016am-282370 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Jennifer R. Kielhofer ◽

Keyword(s):

Late Pleistocene ◽

Soil Formation ◽

Buried Soils

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A multiproxy evaluation of Holocene environmental change from Lake Igaliku, South Greenland

Journal of Paleolimnology ◽

10.1007/s10933-012-9594-5 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 241-258 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Charly Massa ◽

Bianca B. Perren ◽

Émilie Gauthier ◽

Vincent Bichet ◽

Christophe Petit ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Change ◽

Holocene Environmental Change

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Diverse floodplain deposits of reworked loess in a monsoon climate (Hanzhong Basin, central China)

Quaternary Research ◽

10.1017/qua.2020.107 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-17

Author(s):

Jef Vandenberghe ◽

Xun Yang ◽

Xianyan Wang ◽

Shejiang Wang ◽

Huayu Lu

Keyword(s):

Soil Formation ◽

High Energy ◽

Central China ◽

Energy Conditions ◽

Middle Pleistocene ◽

Sedimentary Sequences ◽

Varied Intensity ◽

Floodplain Deposits ◽

Flooding Events ◽

Floodplain Sediments

Abstract This paper describes an assemblage of diverse floodplain facies of reworked loess (facies b, c) in a Middle Pleistocene monsoonal setting of the Hanzhong Basin, central China. The vertical and lateral sedimentary sequences show changing energy conditions. Apart from the highest energy in the channel facies (facies a), a relatively high energy floodplain environment (facies b) prevailed in waterlogged conditions, with small, laterally migrating (sub)channels. Facies b generally interfingers with aggrading horizontal sheets of overbank deposits in alluvial pools and swamps in a floodplain with much lower energy (facies c), in which phases of stability (soil formation) occasionally interrupted overbank deposition. Reworked loess forms the main part of the floodplain deposits. The paleosols are considered to have been formed under low hydrodynamic conditions in an interglacial environment. These interglacial conditions follow the commonly assumed glacial conditions of channel facies a. The sedimentary successions in the floodplain show a recurrent composition and cyclicity between wet and dry floodplain sedimentation terminated by stability with soil formation. The cyclic rhythm of stacked high- and low-energy floodplain sediments is attributed to varied intensity of different hydrodynamic flooding events that may have been due to changing monsoonal rainfall or simple intrinsic fluvial behavior.

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