scholarly journals Wolbachia load variation in Drosophila is more likely caused by drift than by host genetic factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-None
Author(s):  
Alexis Bénard ◽  
Hélène Henri ◽  
Camille Noûs ◽  
Fabrice Vavre ◽  
Natacha Kremer
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Load Variation ◽  
Host Genetic ◽  
Host Genetic Factors

scholarly journals Vaginal microbiome Lactobacillus crispatus is heritable among European American women

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle L. Wright ◽  
Jennifer M. Fettweis ◽  
Lindon J. Eaves ◽  
Judy L. Silberg ◽  
Michael C. Neale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Factors ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
P Value ◽  
European American ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
American Women ◽  
Lactobacillus Crispatus ◽  
Host Genetic ◽  
Host Genetic Factors ◽  
European American Women

AbstractThe diversity and dominant bacterial taxa in the vagina are reported to be influenced by multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including but not limited to pregnancy, contraceptive use, pathogenic states, socioeconomic status, and ancestry. However, the extent to which host genetic factors influence variation in the vaginal microbiota is unclear. We used a biometrical genetic approach to determine whether host genetic factors contribute to inter-individual differences in taxa from a sample of 332 twins who self-identified as being of African (44 pairs) or European ancestry (122 pairs). Lactobacillus crispatus, a major determinant of vaginal health, was identified as heritable among European American women (narrow-sense heritability = 34.7%, P-value = 0.018). Heritability of L. crispatus is consistent with the reduced prevalence of adverse reproductive disorders, including bacterial vaginosis and preterm birth, among women of European ancestry.

Viral and host genetic factors regulating HIV/CNS disease

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeymohan Joseph ◽  
Toby Behar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Cns Disease ◽  
Host Genetic ◽  
Host Genetic Factors

Investigating host genetic factors in bovine digital dermatitis

2012 ◽  
Vol 171 (24) ◽  
pp. 624.2-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Scholey ◽  
R. W. Blowey ◽  
R. D. Murray ◽  
R. F. Smith ◽  
J. Cameron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Digital Dermatitis ◽  
Host Genetic ◽  
Host Genetic Factors

scholarly journals The Role of Host Genetic Factors in Coronavirus Susceptibility: Review of Animal and Systematic Review of Human Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marissa LoPresti ◽  
David B. Beck ◽  
Priya Duggal ◽  
Derek A.T. Cummings ◽  
Benjamin D. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Host Genetic ◽  
Host Genetic Factors

scholarly journals Host Genetics at the Intersection of Autoimmunity and COVID-19: A Potential Key for Heterogeneous COVID-19 Severity

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tugce Karaderi ◽  
Halin Bareke ◽  
Imge Kunter ◽  
Adil Seytanoglu ◽  
Ilgin Cagnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Genetic Susceptibility ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
Host Factors ◽  
Disease Manifestation ◽  
Host Genetics ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Host Genetic ◽  
Host Genetic Factors

COVID-19 presentation is very heterogeneous across cases, and host factors are at the forefront for the variables affecting the disease manifestation. The immune system has emerged as a key determinant in shaping the outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection. It is mainly the deleterious unconstrained immune response, rather than the virus itself, which leads to severe cases of COVID-19 and the associated mortality. Genetic susceptibility to dysregulated immune response is highly likely to be among the host factors for adverse disease outcome. Given that such genetic susceptibility has also been observed in autoimmune diseases (ADs), a number of critical questions remain unanswered; whether individuals with ADs have a significantly different risk for COVID-19–related complications compared to the general population, and whether studies on the genetics of ADs can shed some light on the host factors in COVID-19. In this perspective, we discuss the host genetic factors, which have been under investigation in association with COVID-19 severity. We touch upon the intricate link between autoimmunity and COVID-19 pathophysiology. We put forth a number of autoimmune susceptibility genes, which have the potential to be additional host genetic factors for modifying the severity of COVID-19 presentation. In summary, host genetics at the intersection of ADs and COVID-19 may serve as a source for understanding the heterogeneity of COVID-19 severity, and hence, potentially holds a key in achieving effective strategies in risk group identification, as well as effective treatments.

scholarly journals Influence of host genetics in shaping the rumen bacterial community in beef cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waseem Abbas ◽  
Jeremy T. Howard ◽  
Henry A. Paz ◽  
Kristin E. Hales ◽  
James E. Wells ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiota ◽  
Host Genetics ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Host Genetic ◽  
Host Genetic Factors

Abstract In light of recent host-microbial association studies, a consensus is evolving that species composition of the gastrointestinal microbiota is a polygenic trait governed by interactions between host genetic factors and the environment. Here, we investigated the effect of host genetic factors in shaping the bacterial species composition in the rumen by performing a genome-wide association study. Using a common set of 61,974 single-nucleotide polymorphisms found in cattle genomes (n = 586) and corresponding rumen bacterial community composition, we identified operational taxonomic units (OTUs), Families and Phyla with high heritability. The top associations (1-Mb windows) were located on 7 chromosomes. These regions were associated with the rumen microbiota in multiple ways; some (chromosome 19; position 3.0–4.0 Mb) are associated with closely related taxa (Prevotellaceae, Paraprevotellaceae, and RF16), some (chromosome 27; position 3.0–4.0 Mb) are associated with distantly related taxa (Prevotellaceae, Fibrobacteraceae, RF16, RFP12, S24-7, Lentisphaerae, and Tenericutes) and others (chromosome 23; position 0.0–1.0) associated with both related and unrelated taxa. The annotated genes associated with identified genomic regions suggest the associations observed are directed toward selective absorption of volatile fatty acids from the rumen to increase energy availability to the host. This study demonstrates that host genetics affects rumen bacterial community composition.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review and Update on the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingdong Guan
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Adaptive Immune Responses ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Host Genetic ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Host Genetic Factors

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and life-threating inflammatory disease of gastroenteric tissue characterized by episodes of intestinal inflammation. The pathogenesis of IBD is complex. Recent studies have greatly improved our knowledge of the pathophysiology of IBD, leading to great advances in the treatment as well as diagnosis of IBD. In this review, we have systemically reviewed the pathogenesis of IBD and highlighted recent advances in host genetic factors, gut microbiota, and environmental factors and, especially, in abnormal innate and adaptive immune responses and their interactions, which may hold the keys to identify novel predictive or prognostic biomarkers and develop new therapies.

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