scholarly journals A Brief Introduction in the Mitigation of Conducted Electromagnetic Interference lssues

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 373-378
Author(s):  
M. Buzdugan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Electromagnetic Compatibility ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Frequency Converter ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Electromagnetic Emissions ◽  
Interference Tests ◽  
Conducted Emissions

This paper deals with the mitigation of the influence of electromagnetic conducted emissions in low voltage grids, which can be performed using different filtering methods. Due to the relatively young age of the electromagnetic compatibility domain, the specific terminology is not yet fully consecrated. That is why the specific literature abounds in a bunch of definitions and notions, incomplete, redundant, or worse, even contradictory. Therefore, all over this paper, the terminology from the successive issues of the standard IEC 60050-161 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary, is used. The introductory section presents generalities regarding the broader context of electromagnetic compatibility in which the paper fit. Section II is devoted to measurement techniques and measuring equipment used in conducted electromagnetic interference tests, specifically for electromagnetic emissions that flow in/from the equipment under test through power lines in the standardized frequency range from 100 kHz to 30 MHz. These measurement techniques and equipment are further used in the next section which presents electromagnetic interference experiments, performed on an induction motor driven by a frequency converter. To mitigate the conducted electromagnetic emissions to fit into the standard limits, a cascade of two EMI filtering cells has been designed and implemented. This demonstrated the usefulness and effectiveness of mains EMI filters in low voltage power applications. The experiment also demonstrated that in some cases it would be necessary to retrofit more than one filtering cell

scholarly journals Effectiveness Assessment of a Nanocrystalline Sleeve Ferrite Core Compared with Ceramic Cores for Reducing Conducted EMI

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Suarez ◽  
Jorge Victoria ◽  
Jose Torres ◽  
Pedro A. Martinez ◽  
Antonio Alcarria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Electromagnetic Compatibility ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Ferrite Core ◽  
Test Standards ◽  
Loss Parameter ◽  
Novel Material ◽  
Characterization Procedure ◽  
Cispr 25 ◽  
Effectiveness Assessment

The interconnection of different electronic devices or systems through cables is becoming more difficult due to the hard restrictions related to electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) in order to comply with requirements. Therefore, the use of EMC components is a good solution to manage the problems associated with the filtering of electromagnetic interference (EMI) in cables and to pass the compliance test. In this sense, sleeve ferrite cores become a very interesting solution since they can be set around a wire and, hence, they provide an effective solution against EMI without having to redesign the electronic circuit. This contribution is focused on the characterization of the performance of a sleeve ferrite core based on a novel nanocrystalline (NC) novel material for EMI suppression and comparing it to the most conventional ceramic ferrite cores such as MnZn and NiZn. The research highlights the suitability of an NC novel component in terms of its magnetic properties to reduce EMI within the conducted emissions range. This range is generally defined by the International Special Committee on Radio Interference (CISPR) test standards frequency band that covers from 150 kHz up to 30 MHz (108 MHz in the case of CISPR 25). First, this study presents a description of the main parameters that define the behavior of NC and ceramic cores and, secondly, by analyzing the data obtained from experimental procedures, it is possible to directly determine the insertion loss parameter. Hence, this characterization procedure is used to obtain the performance of NC material compared to the conventional sleeve ferrite core compositions employed to filter the interferences in this problematic frequency range. As can be deduced from the results obtained, an NC sleeve ferrite core provides the best performance in terms of EMI filtering within a significant frequency range between 100 kHz and 100 MHz.

Design of Low-Voltage Power Supply Drive Circuit Based on the Piezoelectric Ceramic Transformer

2013 ◽  
Vol 765-767 ◽  
pp. 2413-2416
Author(s):  
Yue Ting Yang ◽  
Yan Song Ding ◽  
Jia Jian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Piezoelectric Ceramic ◽  
Electromagnetic Compatibility ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Supply Drive ◽  
Driver Circuit ◽  
Drive Circuit ◽  
Piezoelectric Ceramic Transformer

The piezoelectric ceramic transformer has the advantages of high conversion efficiency, high pressure, electromagnetic compatibility,etc.It overcomes the shortcomings of large electromagnetic interference, low conversion efficiency , a large volume, etc. Using IR2184,the paper designs piezoelectric ceramic transformer full-bridge driver circuit. It greatly improves the conversion efficiency of the power system and power.

Selected conducted electromagnetic interference issues in distributed power systems

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Smoleński
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Electromagnetic Compatibility ◽  
Power Transformer ◽  
Frequency Converter ◽  
Electric Grid ◽  
Distributed Power ◽  
Medium Voltage ◽  
Distributed Power Systems ◽  
Four Quadrant

Selected conducted electromagnetic interference issues in distributed power systemsThis paper addresses the specific issues associated with electromagnetic compatibility that should be taken into account at the developmental stage of distributed systems. The main aim is to establish how far conducted interferences can penetrate the electric grid and how the group of converters, which individually meet EMC standards, influence the mains supply. The measured results of the spread of electromagnetic interference (EMI) current over a typical local electric grid and the low and medium voltage side of the power transformer are presented. The commonly applied, in distributed power systems, four-quadrant converter has been used as a test interference source. The limitations in the applicability of standardized methods for evaluation of aggregated conducted interferences have been presented in a system consisting of a group of two-quadrant frequency converter drives.

scholarly journals Comparison of Shielding Effectiveness in Complex Curved Structure with Different Numerical Methods, FDTD, MOM and Equivalent Circuit

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1010
Author(s):  
Amir hossein Poursoltan mohammadi ◽  
M. Chehel Amirani ◽  
Faghihi Faghihi
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Numerical Solution ◽  
Equivalent Circuit ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Electromagnetic Compatibility ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Shielding Effectiveness ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Communication Device ◽  
Numerical Solution Methods

<p>The study of the effect of shielding on high frequency equipment is very important in the electromagnetic compatibility of control and communication equipment. In this paper, while presenting a curved complex structure for the shielding enclosure, the different number of apertures with different dimensions has been investigated. A rectangular structure with two curved parts behind of the enclosure simulated based on numerical methods, FDTD, MOM and equivalent circuit for better analysis of electromagnetic interference. After introducing the proposed structure and presenting the curvature theory, simulation results are displayed and compared in the selected frequency range for three numerical methods. It has been shown that increasing the number of apertures by reducing the size, increases the effectiveness of the protective shield. However, increasing the number of resonances by increasing the apertures indicates the importance of studying the equipment more precisely before choosing the structure of enclosure. We present a complex structure for the enclosure and the different number and dimensions of apertures with different materials were investigated for analyzing the effect of shielding on electromagnetic interference. The necessity of choosing a more effective enclosure according to the frequency of the equipment is specified. Finally, three methods of numerical solution, FDTD, MOM and circuit equal comparition were performed with measured value. Changes in the Shielding effectiveness and the number of resonant in the frequency range were determined. The exact examination of equipment requires shielding and their frequency and the type of inside-to-outside communication device before choosing shieldin is important. We used a comparison of three numerical solution methods for examining the field distribution in a complex structure enclosure with different apertures and different materials. In the majority of cases, the proximity of the measured values in this frequency range with the MOM curves shows the performance of this method in complex structures.<em></em></p>

scholarly journals Signal Attenuation of Data Transmission by Power Lines

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mykola M. Komarovskyi
Keyword(s):  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Smart Home ◽  
Electromagnetic Compatibility ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Technological Processes

Power Line Communication (PLC) technologies are actively developing and becoming more and more in demand all over the world. They are used in the automation of technological processes, the organization of video surveillance systems and even to control a "smart" home. Research in the field of data transmission using the power grid has been going on for a long time. Once upon a time, the use of PLCs was hampered by low data transfer rates and insufficient immunity from interference. The development of microelectronics and the creation of modern, and most importantly, more efficient processors (chipsets) made it possible to use complex modulation methods for signal processing, which made it possible to significantly advance in the implementation of PLC. However, only a few specialists still know about the real possibilities of communication technology over the power grid. The reliability of data transmission is greatly influenced by interference from various electrical appliances, fluorescent lamps, etc., which interfere with the wires. The strongest influence of impulse noise arising from the operation of electric motors, welding equipment and microwave ovens. However, reliable methods of encoding and encrypting data used in modern PLC technologies provide not only a high level of reliability in the transmission of information, but also its protection from unauthorized access. In addition, when organizing communication, electromagnetic compatibility must be ensured, i.e. it is necessary to reduce the spurious electromagnetic radiation arising from the process of data transmission. Today PLC finds wide practical application. Due to the fact that the technology uses the existing power grid, it can be used in the automation of technological processes for linking automation units via electric wires (for example, city electricity meters). The widespread use of low-voltage electrical networks 0.22 ... 0.38 kV, the absence of the need to carry out expensive work on the construction of trenches and punching walls for laying cables stimulate an increased interest in these networks as a data transmission medium. Often, PLCs are used to create video surveillance systems or a local area network in small offices, where the main requirements for the network are ease of implementation, device mobility and easy scalability. At the same time, both the entire office network and its individual segments can be built using PLC adapters. It is often necessary to connect a remote computer or network printer located in another room or even at the other end of the building to an existing office network - using PLC adapters, this problem can be solved in a few minutes. In addition, PLC technology opens up new opportunities for implementing the idea of a "smart" home, in which all consumer electronics must be tied into a single information network with the possibility of centralized control. The article discusses the basic principles of using power lines as a communication channel, and ways to build such networks. Also, it offers to get acquainted with the main problems of this technology and ways to solve them.

scholarly journals The Impact of Noise Models on Capacity Performance of Distribution Broadband over Power Lines Networks

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios G. Lazaropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Additive White Gaussian Noise ◽  
Noise Model ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Medium Voltage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Noise Models ◽  
Capacity Performance

This paper considers broadband potential of distribution Broadband over Power Lines (BPL) networks when different well-known noise models of the BPL literature are applied. The contribution of this paper is twofold. First, the seven most representative and used noise models of the BPL literature are synopsized in this paper. With reference to this set, the broadband performance of a great number of distribution BPL topologies either Overhead (OV) or Underground (UN), either Medium-Voltage (MV) or Low-Voltage (LV), is investigated in terms of suitable capacity metrics. Second, based on the proposed capacity metrics, a comparative capacity analysis is performed among various well-validated noise models. Through the careful study of its results, it is demonstrated that during capacity computations of distribution BPL networks, the flat Additive White Gaussian Noise (FL noise model) can be comfortably assumed as an efficient noise model either in 3–30 MHz or in 3–88 MHz frequency range since its capacity differences with the other well-proven noise models are negligible.

scholarly journals High-Frequency Electromagnetic Interference Diagnostics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Zhang ◽  
Yuru Feng ◽  
Jun Fan ◽  
Er-Ping Li
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Electromagnetic Compatibility ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Emission Source ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Large Network ◽  
Typical Type ◽  
Coupling Path

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is becoming more troublesome in modern electronic systems due to the continuous increase of communication data rates. This chapter reviews some new methodologies for high-frequency EMI diagnostics in recent researches. Optical modules, as a typical type of gigahertz radiator, are studied in this chapter. First, the dominant radiation modules and EMI coupling paths in an explicit optical module are analyzed using simulation and measurement techniques. Correspondingly, practical mitigation approaches are proposed to suppress the radiation in real product applications. Moreover, an emission source microscopy (ESM) method, which can rapidly localize far-field radiators, is applied to diagnose multiple optical modules and identify the dominant sources. Finally, when numerous optical modules work simultaneously in a large network router, a formula based on statistical analysis can estimate the maximum far-field emission and the probability of passing electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) regulations. This chapter reviews a systematic procedure for EMI diagnostics at high frequencies, including EMI coupling path analysis and mitigation, emission source localization, and radiation estimation using statistical analysis.

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