scholarly journals Geophysical Investigation of Groundwater Level Using Vertical Electrical Sounding (A Case Study of Ewu in Edo State Nigeria)

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Idiegbe Onoriode Gilbert ◽  
Atumah Oyibo Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Resistivity ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Geophysical Investigation ◽  
Geoelectric Section ◽  
Electrical Sounding ◽  
Electrical Soundings ◽  
Configuration System ◽  
Edo State ◽  
Geoelectric Layer

Abstract- In this research work, four Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) were carried out in Ewu Town at various locations: Eguare-Ewu, Idunwele-Ewu, Flour Mill Road-Ewu and Eko-Ewu using the ABEM terrameter, by employing the Schlumberger electrode configuration system to determine the level of groundwater.  From the analysis of field data and results of computer iteration, a maximum of four geoelectric layers were obtained.  The first layer of geoelectric section was the lateritic top soil with thickness of 1.21m and 11.1m, for VES 1 and VES 2, with apparent resistivity of 438Ωm and 183Ωm.  The possible aquiferous zone for sustaining groundwater are within the second and third layers for VES 1 and the fourth layer for VES 2, at a depth of 2.67m – 47m and infinity respectively.  The apparent resistivity of the aquiferous layers of VES 1 and VES 2 are 797Ωm and 362Ωm respectively, which is fine sand layer.  The apparent resistivity of the aquiferous layers of VES 3 and VES 4 are 5511Ωm and 129Ωm respectively with infinity thickness.  Key words: Geoelectric layer, aquiferous layers, groundwater

Evaluation of Groundwater in Udi L.G.A. in Enugu State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minaibim E. Abbey ◽  
Dennis E. Onyebueke ◽  
Godspower O. Ashaka ◽  
Chikanso K. Ezeife
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Resistivity ◽  
Groundwater Potential ◽  
Survey Area ◽  
Geophysical Investigation ◽  
Vertical Electrical Soundings ◽  
Geological Formation ◽  
Electrical Sounding ◽  
Electrical Soundings ◽  
Enugu State ◽  
Software Information

Abstract Groundwater has remained indispensable in Enugu state Nigeria owing to industrialization, lack of surface water, and significant depth to aquifer in the area. A geophysical investigation involving vertical electrical soundings was conducted in order to evaluate groundwater potential at some locations in the Udi Local Government Area of Enugu State. With the aid of resistivity instrument ABEM Terrameter, four (4) Vertical Electrical Sounding using Schlumberger configuration were conducted, and the data acquired was interpreted using WINRESIST software. Information obtains from the survey shows that the underlying geological formation in those areas has between 5 – 7 layers. The apparent resistivity obtained in all the layers of the locations ranges from 47.1 – 6956.8 Ωm, while the aquifer was interpreted to exist at a depth between 90 – 120m. Result obtained from this geophysical investigation has shown that the survey area possesses a good groundwater potential which will go a long way in cushioning the effect associated with water scarcity in the area if exploited.

scholarly journals Coastal groundwater aquifer characterization from geoelectrical measurements- A case study at Kalapara, Patuakhali, Bangladesh.

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ibrahim Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Apparent Resistivity ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Vertical Electrical Sounding ◽  
Groundwater Aquifer ◽  
Electrical Sounding ◽  
Geoelectric Layer ◽  
Upper Aquifer

Vertical electrical sounding has been carried out in a coastal area in the southern part of Bangladesh to locate the groundwater aquifers containing fresh water. The Interpex1X1Dv3 computer program was used to process the field apparent resistivity data sets obtained from the vertical electrical sounding.  Geoelectric layers were identified in the context of resistivity and thickness from the vertical electrical sounding data. From the initial parameters layered model was achieved using the inversion technique. Correlation of the obtained layer model with a nearby lithologic log concludes the groundwater aquifer system of the area. From the electrical properties of the subsurface layers, water bearing layers were detected and characterized. Very fine sand geoelectric layer with a thickness varying from 20 to 143 meters is an upper aquifer and has 0.66–14.02 Ωm apparent resistivity value. Fine sand geoelectric layer with 0.21-5.99 Ωm apparent resistivity value is lower aquifer with maximum thickness ~250 meters. From the resistivity value, it is observed that the upper aquifer contains saline to brackish-fresh water while the resistivity value of the lower aquifer indicates that it contains saline water. The water quality of the upper zone varies geographically from the southern to the northern part in the investigated area. The water quality of the upper aquifer is fresh in the northern part of the study while lower aquifer contains saline water there.

Hydrogeophysical Survey of Groundwater Development at Okada Community Ovia North – East L.G.A. Edo State

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
M. O. Ehigiator
Keyword(s):  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Geophysical Investigation ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
North East ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Electrical Sounding ◽  
Edo State ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite ◽  
Water Problems ◽  
Aquifer Unit

Geophysical investigation was conducted at Okada community in ovia North Local Govertment area of Edo state to determine the prospect of aquifer zone. The Petrozenith PZ-02 Terrameter, one of the Electrical Resistivity Equipment was used to conduct a Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) in the study area. The Garmin Etrex 10 Global Navigation satellite systems (GNSS) was used to acquire Geodetic coordinates of point where VES observations were made. This research was carried out as a pre-drilling Hydro-geophysical survey conducted for the purpose of surveying and studying the proposed water borehole site at Okada Community that has suffered acute water problems for a very long time. There have been series of boreholes drilled in the studied area but all are dry wells. This survey was conducted to investigate the subsurface complexity of the sites in respect of lithology and to recommend the total drill depth based on the prospective aquifer unit so identified. Result of interpretation suggests that the area is underlain with substantive aquiferous formation but at a depth not exceeding 121.60 m (398.95 ft), which is the lower aquifer unit. The value of elevation at point of observation referenced to mean sea level is 94 m.

GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATION OF GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION USING DC RESISTIVITY TECHNIQUE AT THE MALE HOSTEL OF ISA KAITA COLLEGE OF EDUCATION DUTSIN-MA, KATSINA STATE, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-560
Author(s):  
Aniefiok Akpaneno ◽  
S. Abdulwahab
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Contamination ◽  
College Of Education ◽  
Signal Averaging ◽  
Geophysical Investigation ◽  
Dumping Site ◽  
Vertical Electrical Soundings ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Electrical Sounding ◽  
Electrical Soundings ◽  
Sas Model

A geophysical investigation involving Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) using the Schlumberger array was carried out at the Isa Kaita College of Education specifically at the Male Hostel. The aim of the investigation is to explore the groundwater contamination of the area with the objectives: to determine the depth to basement of the study area, to determine the aquifer thickness, to determine the depth to aquifer, to determine the conductivity of the aquifer and to determine the thickness of topsoil and its variation in resistivity. A total of four (4) vertical electrical soundings were carried out using Schlumberger configuration. Terrameter signal averaging system (SAS) model 300 was the instrument used. The survey area is dominated by mainly four layers, namely: Topsoil, Weathered basement, fractured basement. The value of VES 03 and VES 04 have high electrical conductivities which likely shows they are contaminated, The topsoil resistivity along the profile ranges from approximately 1 to 154, The depth to basement (basement topography) Varies from 4.94 m to 7.59 m, The thickness of aquifer range from  1 m to 6.8 m.  Therefore VES 02 has high Potential for groundwater because it has retaining capacity and good aquifer thickness and is therefore recommended for borehole establishment. It is recommended that the management of Isa Kaita College of Education should provide a concrete dumping site to avoid leaching of waste in ground thereby contaminating the groundwater.

scholarly journals Application of Vertical Electrical Sounding for Study the Proposed dam site at Wadi Ma’doo, Shabwah Governorate, Yemen

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Shallow Foundation ◽  
Vertical Electrical Sounding ◽  
Electrode Spacing ◽  
Geophysical Investigation ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Geoelectric Section ◽  
True Resistivity ◽  
Dam Site ◽  
Electrical Sounding

Application of geophysical investigation has been carried out using Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) at the proposed site in wadi Ma’doo, Shabwah Governorate, Yemen to determine the geophysical parameters that can be used to evaluate the subsurface geological layering characteristics of the selection proposed site for dam construction. The Schlumberger array was used for the data acquisition. One-dimensional numerical inversion of individual DC resistivity was used to enhance the processing of the results for better achievement of the aim of the study. Model obtained from the 2D inversion of each VES were used for construction of geoelectric section which exhibit the main geoelectric characteristics of the geological units present in the site. The interpretation of the field data was carried out using the IP12WIN software, which converts the apparent resistivity as a function of electrode spacing to the true resistivity as a function of depth in two dimensions. The interpretation results showed that the geoelectric section consists of three layers namely: boulders and gravels, sandy to pebbly and hard limestone. The layer resistivities and thicknesses range from 18.17 to 746.20 Ω.m/0.20 to 1.084 m, 53 to 60 Ω.m/ 0.20 to 3.059 m and 455 to 1890 Ω.m, respectively. The investigation revealed that the limestone rocks is suitable for shallow foundation for proposed dam engineering structures.

scholarly journals GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATION OF GROUNDWATER POTENTIAL OF A SITE IN OBALE AREA OF AKURE, NIGERIA.

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eebo Festus Olusola ◽  
Yusuf Gbenga Ayodele
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
Groundwater Potential ◽  
Clay Layer ◽  
Geophysical Investigation ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Geoelectric Section ◽  
Lateritic Clay ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Geoelectric Layer ◽  
A Site

Electrical Resistivity method using Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) were carried out at a site in Aba-Oyo area FUTA Southgate area, Akure, Nigeria, with the aim to access groundwater potential of the site. The study area is underlain by crystalline rocks of the Precambrian basement complex of the Southwestern Nigeria. Twelve (12) VES were carried out using Schlumberger electrode array configuration with AB/2from 1 to 65m. The VES data generated were processed and interpreted using partial curve matching method and computer iteration techniques. The interpreted data revealed three to four geoelectric sections with varied thicknesses and resistivity. The top soil layer ranges from 44 to 181?m, lateritic clay layer ranges from 20 to 174?m, the weathered horizon resistivity ranges from 20.0 to 424.0?m while the competent rock/fresh rock has resistivity values greater than 424.0.3?m. The top soil layer resistivity and thickness ranges from 44 to 181?m and 0.4 to 2m, the lateritic clay layer resistivity and thickness range from 20 to 174?m and 1.7 to 6.0m respectively, the weathered horizon resistivity ranges from 20.0 to 424.0?m and 1.4 to 7.4m respectively while the competent rock has resistivity values greater than 424.0?m and ?m respectively. The third geoelectric layer constitutes the aquiferous zone in the 4-layer geoelectric section while the second geoelectric layer is the aquiferous zone in all the 3- layer geoelectric sections. VES station 2, 7, 9 stations shows good groundwater potential as revealed by the thick overburden and weathered layer with low resistivity values. VES stations 1, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 and 12 shows moderate groundwater potentials while VES stations 3 and 11 are non-aquifereous in nature.

scholarly journals Geo-electric assessment for groundwater potential at permanent site of Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic, Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State North Western, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-26
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Mohammed ◽  
◽  
Suleiman Taofiq ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Groundwater Potential ◽  
Groundwater Exploration ◽  
Clayey Sand ◽  
Automatic Interpretation ◽  
Subsurface Layers ◽  
Electrical Sounding ◽  
Electrical Soundings

Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) afford fast and economical measurements used in geophysical exploration. VES was used for groundwater exploration at the permanent site of Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic, Birnin Kebbi. Eighteen (18) Vertical Electrical Sounding (Schlumberger array, maximum AB/2 distance 100 m) were performed, data were acquired using ABEM terrameter (SAS 300c), to determine the geoelectric units in the subsurface stratigraphy as well as to delineate groundwater potential in the area via electrical resistivity soundings. Field data collected was analyzed using computer software (IPI2win) which gives an automatic interpretation of the apparent resistivity in ohm-meter. Data was interpreted in terms of the resistivity and thickness of subsurface layers. Results indicates that three to five (3-5) distinct layers in the study area namely; top soil which is mainly sand, clayey sand/loose sand, sandy clay/fine sand and clay unit were delineated. The result also revealed that water bearing formation exists in the third layer in some identified VES locations i.e VES 3, VES5, VES13 and VES14 with very good aquifers, with thickness and corresponding resistivity values of 40.5, 37.5, 45.8, 60 m and 173, 148, 222 and 432 Ωm respectively. The electrical resistivity data, therefore gives reasonable accurate results that can be used to understand stratigraphy and sedimentary configuration in ground water exploration.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Earth Subsurface for Civil Engineering Site Characterization in Agege, Southwest Nigeria Using Integrated Geoelectrical and Multichannel Analysis of Surface Wave (MASW)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
O. J. Airen ◽  
K. K. Oboshenure
Keyword(s):  
Surface Wave ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Vertical Electrical Sounding ◽  
Geophysical Investigation ◽  
Clayey Sand ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Geoelectric Section ◽  
Multichannel Analysis ◽  
Electrical Sounding ◽  
2D Resistivity

A geophysical investigation involving 1D Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES), 2D Electrical Resistivity Imaging (2D ERI) and Multichannel Analysis of Surface Wave (MASW) has been carried out at Agege, Lagos, Nigeria with a view to delineating the subsurface stratigraphy and locate some competent strata/stratum for founding civil engineering structures. Six (6) 200 m long traverses were established within the study area. Along these traverses, 2D ERI were carried out adopting Wenner electrode configuration. Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) adopting Schlumberger electrode array were carried out at selected points along profiles 1, 2 and 3 to determine the lithological sequence at depth. MASW data also were acquired along traverses 1, 2 and 3. The data were processed and the result yielded interpretable 2D resistivity structure and geoelectrical parameters (layer resistivity, thicknesses and depth) from the VES. The interpreted VES results were used to generate geoelectric section while the MASW resulted in 2D velocity sections. Three subsoils including topsoil, clay and clayey sand/sand were delineated beneath the study area. The resistivity and thickness range of the layers are; topsoil (34.0-54.6 ohm-m, 0.9 – 1.7 m), clay (10.3 – 17.7 ohm-m, 8.9 – 12.3 m) and clayey sand/sand (48.9 – 323 ohm-m) while the S-wave velocity range for the subsoil falls between 40 – 500 m/sec.

scholarly journals Geological and Geoelectrical Investigation of a Proposed Dam Site Using Vertical Electrical Sounding at Osuworowo Stream, Utughughu Arochukwu, South Eastern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
A. C. Ezebunanwa ◽  
V. N. Nwugha ◽  
K. C. Emeghara ◽  
G. C. Ibe
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Electrical Sounding ◽  
Dam Construction ◽  
Current Electrode ◽  
High Gradient ◽  
Vertical Electrical Soundings ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Dam Site ◽  
Electrical Sounding ◽  
Electrical Soundings ◽  
Geoelectric Layer

Geophysical studies was carried out at a proposed dam site across Osuworowo stream in Arochukwu, south eastern Nigeria to investigate the depth to bedrock, possible geologic structures and foundation conditions of the dam axis.  The study area is located between latitudes 5°23.58”N and 5°23.707”N and longitude 7°53.93”E and 7°53.97”E. Its elevation ranges from 90 ft to 149 ft. Six Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) were carried out along the stream course using ABEM SAS 1000 TERRAMETER and this was done using Schlumberger configuration with maximum half current electrode separation of 55m able to reveal deep seated structures. The ip2win software was used to model the VES data to give resistivities which vary between 258 Ωm and 39000 Ωm with three and four geoelectric layer combinations of sand, sandstone, sandyshale, shalysand and ale units. The high resistivities of the geoelectric layers sand thickness and dip showing high gradient in elevation differences are indications that the site is suitable for the dam construction. The geological result shows the presence of faults this is confirmed by change in strike and dip.

scholarly journals Geophysical Investigation of Groundwater Using Vertical Electrical Sounding in Mubi and Maiha Local Government Areas of Adamawa State, North Eastern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-76
Author(s):  
S. Kasidi ◽  
V. Victor
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Groundwater Potential ◽  
Geophysical Investigation ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Survey ◽  
Resistivity Model ◽  
Electrical Sounding

This research work is aimed electrical resistivity survey for groundwater development conducted in Mubi and Maiha local government area of Adamawa State, in order to delineate the groundwater potential zones and determining the depth and thickness of sediments layers, and recommend suitable depth for drilling. Fourteen vertical electrical soundings (VES) were carried out within the study area using Schlumberger electrodes configuration was used for the field data acquisition. The field data obtained was analyzed using IX1D computer software and, VES1-14 resistivity model indicate 3-4 layered earth models. The interpretation shows positive inference in terms of a well-defined weathered basement and as such, it is likely to possess requisite hydro-geological characteristics that could supply underground water in fair quantity to well when drilled. Therefore, VES number denoted (R) are recommended for drilling at approximate depths of 40±5 to 50±5 meters.

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