scholarly journals Exchanges of foreign countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-99
Author(s):  
Eduard Barinov
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
The United States ◽  
Exchange Market ◽  
The Past ◽  
Foreign Countries

The article deals with exchanges of a number of foreign countries. The changes that have taken place in this segment of the financial market over the past decades are noted. Data on exchanges in the United States, Great Britain, Canada, Germany, Japan, China and other countries are provided. The mechanism of placement of securities on the exchange market is described.

scholarly journals Models of the pension system: international experience and local practice

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
O. Cheberyako ◽  
V. Bykova
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Pension System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Private Pensions ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
National Models

The article substantiates the nature of the national models of the pension system and its structure in accordance with the concept of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The basis of the national models of pension system are two well-known models of social security: Bismarck and Beveridge Social Insurance Systems. Thus, authors prepared the comparison of this models. The features of pension system in the countries of Europe (Germany, Great Britain, Sweden, Poland), the United States and Chile are analysed. The analysis of the national models of the pension system in Asian countries identifies three institutional patterns: the statist pension system (Taiwan and China), the dualist pension system (Japan and Korea) and individualist pension system (Hong Kong and Singapore). Based on trends of development of pension provision in foreign countries, authors determine the main tasks and ways to improve the domestic system, namely, introduction mandatory funded pension system and reforming the voluntary private pensions insurance.

scholarly journals In the free web of science

2003 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. F02
Author(s):  
Mauro Scanu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
The United States ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Web

A ghost is wandering around the web: it is called open access, a proposal to modify the circulation system of scientific information which has landed on the sacred soil of scientific literature. The circulation system of scientific magazines has recently started faltering, not because this instrument is no longer a guarantee of quality, but rather for economic reasons. In countries such as Great Britain, as shown in the following chart, the past twenty years have seen a dramatic increase in subscription fees, exceeding by far the prices of other publishing products and the average inflation rate. The same trend applies to the United States.

POVERTY IS NOT A VICE, BUT HOW TO OVERCOME IT IN RUSSIA?

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-34
Author(s):  
Oksana M. Makhalina ◽  
◽  
Viktor N. Makhalin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Income Support ◽  
Material Support ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Families With Children

An issue of the population poverty is one of the most urgent to- day, both in Russia and around the world. The article considers the statistics of poverty in foreign countries as well as in Russia. In that rating, Russia ranks the 64th. The number of citizens falling under the category of poor in 2020 in- creased to 19.9 million people, which in relative terms is 13.5% of the country’s population. The causes of poverty are revealed, the sequence, forms and methods of overcoming poverty in Russia are formulated on the basis of foreign experi- ence in combating poverty. The decline in the income of the Russian popula- tion according to Rosstat in the 2nd quarter of 2020 in annual terms was 8%. GDP declined by 8%, while Canada’s GDP – 13.5%, Germany – 11.7%, and the United States – 9.5%. It is because since the beginning of the pandemic, many developed countries have implemented large-scale material support for the population. The article analyzes a variety of specific ways and methods of combating poverty in the United States, Great Britain, Spain, India, Finland and other countries. Also it presents results of the experiment with application of the method of using unconditional income, support of the population of the Neth- erlands, Canada, Mongolia, Iran, Kenya, and Germany. The article presents the experience of supporting the population in Russia, where that activity was focused on supporting the families with children. The results prove that such a support option cannot be called large-scale and effec- tive, since, as summing, the real incomes of citizens, unlike in other countries, oddly enough, decreased. Poverty and unemployment continue to grow in the context of the current pandemic. Therefore the conclusion contains proposals on how to overcome the poverty and unemployment in our country.

Sovereignty over Islands in the Pacific

1941 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Orent ◽  
Pauline Reinsch
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
British Empire ◽  
The United States ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Central Pacific ◽  
Commercial Aviation ◽  
Central Pacific Ocean ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Pacific

Recently, certain small uninhabited islands in the central Pacific Ocean have assumedsudden importance for the British Empire and the United States. Their value as landing places for commercial aviation and as strategic bases for air and naval forces is being increasingly recognized. Acquired during the past century by Great Britain and the UnitedStates, many of these islands have been the object of conflicting claims to sovereignty by the two nations. To clarify their status, it has been found desirable to review the past practice of these states and to examine those factors which were considered adequateto create sovereign rights over uninhabited islands in the Pacific.

The Panama Canal Act and the British Protest

1913 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Holladay Latané
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
The United States ◽  
Panama Canal ◽  
The Past

The Panama Canal project has its roots deep in the past. The diplomatic complications presented by the enterprise have been as difficult to overcome as the engineering obstacles. Now that the dream of ages is about to become a reality, certain of our newspapers, impressed with the magnitude of the task which the United States has undertaken and carried well-nigh to completion, are asking impatiently, what rights has Great Britain in the canal, why should she venture to dictate what use we shall make of our own property? Merely to say that England has rights under the Hay-Pauncefote treaty does not appear to satisfy these critics. They ask again, why did the United States ever give England any voice at all in the matter? In order to answer this question we have to go back to the middle of the last century when the Clayton-Bulwer treaty was negotiated and see what the relative positions of the United States and England with respect to the isthmus were at that time.

General Arbitration Treaties

1912 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-600
Author(s):  
Richard Olney
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
The United States ◽  
Joint Commission ◽  
Present Position ◽  
The Past ◽  
Official Position ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face

It is undoubtedly desirable, in the interest of the arbitration of international controversies, that at the next Hague Conference a form of treaty should be presented which, while covering all differences between states, shall steer clear of the difficulties which in the past have wrecked important treaties of that character. It is a matter in which the United States may be expected to lead, having by precept and example so often distinguished itself as a pioneer in movements tending to do away with war between nations. Facts must be looked in the face, however, and it is apparent that the present position of the United States with reference to this subject is not so advantageous as could be wished. No two countries of the world are so favorably situated for the purposes of an arbitration treaty between them inclusive of all differences as are Great Britain and the United States. Through racial, social, and commercial ties ever knitting them closely together, war between them has become almost unthinkable. Yet two trials for such a comprehensive treaty have failed and the official position of the United States to-day seems to be that there is a class of questions which is necessarily to be excluded from any general arbitration treaty. The class covers controversies described as affecting “the vital interests, the independence, or the honor” of the parties. In the English-American treaty of 1897 such controversies were disposed of by sending them to arbitration but so constituting the arbitral court that an award must have the assent of the representatives of the losing party or of a majority of them. In the treaty of 1911 it was sought to meet the difficulty by a joint commission of inquiry empowered to investigate and decide whether a question was or was not arbitrable and should or should not be arbitrated. But neither plan proved to be acceptable to the United States acting under the treaty-making power vested jointly in the President and Senate.

The Condition and Progress of German Life Insurance Companies in the Year 1873

1875 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-55
Author(s):  
A. Emminghaus ◽  
D. A. Bumsted
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Life Insurance ◽  
Social Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
General State ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Outbreak ◽  
The Future

The progress of life insurance in Germany in the year 1873 was far greater than could have been anticipated from the course of events during the year. For at a time of violent reaction, such as Germany and Austria experienced in the past year, succeeding a period during which mercantile speculations had been engaged in with such frantic eagerness by all classes of the community, we should not have expected to find men either willing or able to give that calm and self-denying consideration to the future, upon which life insurance depends. With the necessaries of life at exorbitant prices, it was natural to suppose that there would be a considerable diminution in the number of those who, after meeting the claims of the day, would be able to provide for the future. While the general state of society thus led to the conclusion that there would be a diminution in the number of insurances, there was also reason to fear that the mortality would be greatly increased through the recent outbreak of cholera, which extended over a large district, and held its ground very firmly for some time. In both respects, the returns for 1873 were more favourable than we expected; and this furnishes another proof of the fact that, in those parts of central Europe from which our returns are derived, life insurance has not yet become so general, that all the occurrences of domestic and social life, or even events involving important changes, have any distinct influence upon its development. It cannot be denied that in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, life insurance is not nearly so well understood as in Great Britain and the United States.

scholarly journals Development opportunities of islamic finance in Kazakhstan: world experience and perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 06005
Author(s):  
Zhanar Oralbaeva ◽  
Orazgul Dzhakisheva ◽  
Karlygash Kurbanova ◽  
Assiya Naukanova
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Islamic Finance ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Alternative Financial Services

An increase in demand for alternative financial services contributes to the growing importance of Islamic finance for a part of the international financial market, which represents for Kazakhstan a viable and sustainable sphere of capital investment in times of crisis to diversify risks. The article reveals the features of functioning of Islamic banks, highlights the main tools of Islamic finance, highlights the development of Islamic finance in foreign countries, including Arab countries, European countries and the United States. The author analyzes the key stages of the development of Islamic finance in Kazakhstan and highlights the problems that impede its full implementation. The recommendations aimed at the development of Islamic instruments in the framework of the Kazakhstani economy are presented. In conclusion, it is concluded that the state is the main institution on whose actions the further functioning of Islamic finance in Kazakhstan depends.

Importing Acarine-Free Bees by Transporting Brood

1964 ◽  
Vol 96 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 154-154
Author(s):  
M. V. Smith
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Acarapis Woodi ◽  
The Past ◽  
Foreign Countries

For the past forty years there have been virtually no introductions of honeybee stock from foreign countries into Canada or the United States. This has been due to the stringent restrictions on importing honeybees which have been in force since 1922, as a safeguard against the introduction of acarine disease. The mite which is responsible for the disease, Acarapis woodi, is present in many parts of Europe, and has also been reported from Asia, Africa and South America. It has not so far been found in North America, although external mites of the same genus (A. dorsalis and A. externus) are now known to occur fairly commonly throughout Canada and the United States.

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