Natural frequencies and mode shapes in zero-force members of a truss

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-99
Author(s):  
Dan Pîrșan ◽  
Zeno-Iosif Praisach
Keyword(s):  
International Space Station ◽  
Natural Frequencies ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Mode Shapes ◽  
International Space ◽  
Zero Force ◽  
Rigid Structure

Trusses are everywhere; they are used in bridges, antenna towers, cranes, even in parts of the International Space Station. And for good reason, they allow us to create strong structures while using materials in very efficient and cost-effective way. Trusses it is essentially a rigid structure made up of a collection of straight members. The type of truss depends on how the horizontal and diagonal beams are arranged.

scholarly journals Toward the Analysis of Lymphocyte Development in Space: PCR-Based Amplification of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles (TRECs) Aboard the International Space Station

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-163
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Reizis ◽  
Diana Cai ◽  
Lee Serpas ◽  
Emily J. Gleason ◽  
Kathryn Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
International Space Station ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
International Space ◽  
Immunodeficient Mice ◽  
Excision Circles ◽  
Human Exploration ◽  
Cancerous Cells

Abstract Spaceflight offers vast possibilities for expanding human exploration, whereas it also bears unique health risks. One of these risks is immune dysfunction, which can result in the reactivation of latent pathogens and increased susceptibility to infections. The ability to monitor the function of the immune system is critical for planning successful long-term space travel. T lymphocytes are immune cells that develop in the thymus and circulate in the blood. They can detect foreign, infected, or cancerous cells through T cell receptors (TCRs). The assembly of TCR gene segments, to produce functional TCR genes, can be monitored by measuring the presence of TCR excision circles (TRECs), circular fragments of DNA that are by-products of this assembly process mediated by the V(D)J recombination machinery. In this study, we used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on the International Space Station (ISS) to detect TRECs in murine peripheral blood. We were able to detect TRECs in the blood of normal healthy mice of different ages, with an efficiency comparable to that achieved in ground controls. As expected, we were unable to detect TRECs in the blood of immunodeficient mice. These results are the first step in optimizing a specific, rapid, safe, and cost-effective PCR-based assay to measure the integrity of mammalian immune systems during spaceflight.

A cost effective methodology for building flight spares for robotic life extension on the International Space Station

2019 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 405-408
Author(s):  
Vivian Truong ◽  
Tom Greco ◽  
Iqbal Kassam ◽  
Oneil D'Silva ◽  
Ernest Tan
Keyword(s):  
International Space Station ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Life Extension ◽  
International Space

Human factors assessment of International Space Station (ISS) medical equipment packs

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Paige Smith ◽  
Vicky E. Byrne ◽  
Cynthia Hudy ◽  
Mihriban Whitmore
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
International Space Station ◽  
Medical Equipment ◽  
Space Station ◽  
International Space

Dose Tracker Application for Collecting Medication Use Data from International Space Station Crew

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia. E. Wotring ◽  
LaRona K. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
International Space Station ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
International Space ◽  
Flight Data ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Share Data ◽  
Usability Feedback

INTRODUCTION: There are knowledge gaps in spaceflight pharmacology with insufficient in-flight data to inform future planning. This effort directly addressed in-mission medication use and also informed open questions regarding spaceflight-associated changes in pharmacokinetics (PK) and/or pharmacodynamics (PD).METHODS: An iOS application was designed to collect medication use information relevant for research from volunteer astronaut crewmembers: medication name, dose, dosing frequency, indication, perceived efficacy, and side effects. Leveraging the limited medication choices aboard allowed a streamlined questionnaire. There were 24 subjects approved for participation.RESULTS: Six crewmembers completed flight data collection and five completed ground data collection before NASA’s early study discontinuation. There were 5766 medication use entries, averaging 20.6 ± 8.4 entries per subject per flight week. Types of medications and their indications were similar to previous reports, with sleep disturbances and muscle/joint pain as primary drivers. Two subjects treated prolonged skin problems. Subjects also used the application in unanticipated ways: to note drug tolerance testing or medication holiday per research protocols, and to share data with flight surgeons. Subjects also provided usability feedback on application design and implementation.DISCUSSION: The volume of data collected (20.6 ± 8.4 entries per subject per flight week) is much greater than was collected previously (<12 per person per entire mission), despite user criticisms regarding app usability. It seems likely that improvements in a software-based questionnaire application could result in a robust data collection tool that astronauts find more acceptable, while simultaneously providing researchers and clinicians with useful data.Wotring VE, Smith LK. Dose tracker application for collecting medication use data from International Space Station crew. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(1):41–45.

The «Obstanovka» experiment aboard the International Space Station

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.I. Klimov ◽  
◽  
V.Ye. Korepanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Space Station ◽  
Space Station ◽  
International Space
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