scholarly journals Oral manifestations of anemia in HIV/AIDS patients without ARV treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyu Hidayat ◽  
Tenny Setiani Dewi ◽  
Rudi Wisaksana
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
Blood Disorders ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Anemia Of Chronic Disease ◽  
Oral Manifestation ◽  
Aphthous Ulcers ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

AbstractIntroduction: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is  a set of symptoms caused by decreases of the immune system that was infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Blood disorders often found in patient with HIV and associated with HIV infection. Mostly found disorders is anemia of chronic disease. The prevalence of anemia in HIV/AIDS patients reaches 70%. Oral manifestations of anemia are atrophy of the papillae on tongue, glossodynia, pallor, angular cheilitis, glossitis, aphthous ulcers/erosive lesions, candidiasis, and geographic tongue. There are many publications that uses anemia as indicator to determine the prognosis of HIV infection, thus the description of oral manifestation of anemia in the non-ARV HIV/AIDS patients is a necessity. The purpose of this study was to describe the oral manifestation of anemia in the non-ARV HIV/AIDS patients. Methods: The methods used were purposive random sampling. Samples were new HIV/AIDS patients who have not got antiretroviral (ARV) treatment. The study included 40 patients in Teratai Clinic Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung. Results: Oral manifestations of anemia were found amongst non-ARV HIV/AIDS patients, which were candidiasis in  37 patients, glossodynia in 28 patients, glossitis in 10 patients, and angular cheilitis in 1 patient. Conclusion: From the study found that oral manifestations of anemia that found in non-ARV HIV/AIDS patients were candidiasis, glossodynia, glossitis and angular cheilitis. HIV/AIDS patients with anemia needed to treat more intensive for better prognosis and quality of life.Keywords: Anemia, HIV/AIDS, Candidiasis, Glossitis, Glossodynia

scholarly journals Sonographic detection of abdominal pathologies in human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients and its correlation with CD4 counts – A prospective analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Tejas Kanthrao Mankeshwar ◽  
Ashok Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Cd4 Counts ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

Objectives: Abdominal pathologies are the second most common after pulmonary diseases in human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients. Ultrasonography (USG) is a vital imaging technique for the evaluation of abdominal pathologies. This study was aimed at evaluating the abdominal pathologies using USG in HIV/AIDS and further analysis of its correlation with CD4 count. Material and Methods: The present study was carried out on 392 HIV-positive patients with abnormal abdominal sonographic findings. All data were analyzed by Chi-square test and one-way analysis of variance using SPSS 16.0 software. Results: Of these 392 patients, 66.3% were males, the mean age was 35.7 years, (range 7–64 years) and most of them were in 4th decade. On ultrasonographic evaluation, spleen was involved in 45.2% patients and liver as well as lymph nodes each was involved in 43.6% patients. Other cases displayed ascites and bowel thickening in 5.3% and 3.8% patients, respectively. Less involvement of kidney (2.3%), pancreas (1.5%), and biliary system (1.3%) was observed. In addition, pathologies such as hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, splenic microabscess, focal pancreatic lesion, mesenteric, and periportal lymphadenopathy showed significant correlation with CD4 counts. Lymphoma was found in 1% of patients, involving liver, pancreas, and retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Conclusion: Our study highlights the clinical utility of abdominal USG in HIV/AIDS patients. CD4 counts largely affect the differential diagnosis in HIV/AIDS patients. USG findings interpreted in the context of CD4 count may help in guiding the exact diagnosis.

scholarly journals Correlation of clinical profile toward oral manifestations of HIV/AIDS patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Maharani Laillyza Apriasari ◽  
Nur Aprilyani ◽  
Amy Nindia Carabelly ◽  
Juliyatin Putri Utami
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
Human Immune System ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Oral Manifestation ◽  
Oral Thrush ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) exhibits the capability to weaken human immune system. The infected subject will later be more susceptible to suffer from opportunistic diseases when the CD4 cell count is lesser than 200 cell/µL. Oral Thrush, periodontal disease and xerostomia are common oral manifestations in AIDS patient which initially indicate the presence of HIV infection. No research has been conducted to discuss the association between oral manifestation HIV/AIDS toward socio-demographic and clinical profile of the HIV/AIDS patients. Therefore, this study was aimed to analyse the association between oral manifestation HIV/AIDS toward socio-demographic and clinical profile of the HIV/AIDS patients. Methods: This was an analysis study with cross sectional design performed in 2019. The data of clinical profil of HIV AIDS patient and oral manifestation were obtained from secondary data of medical record.The 55 samples were taken with total sampling technique.  Results: Chi-square test showed there was a significant correlation between number of  CD4 with candidiasis, oral thrush and periodontal disease. There was a significant correlation between duration of ARV therapy and candidiasis, oral thrush (p<0.05). Conclusion: There is a correlation between the number of CD4 cells and the duration of ARV treatment on candidiasis,oral thrush, periodontal disease and xerostomia.

scholarly journals Are physiotherapy graduates adequately prepared to to manage hiv/aids patients

2004 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Puckree ◽  
B. J. Chetty ◽  
V. Govender ◽  
S. Ramparsad ◽  
J. Lin
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Human Immuno Deficiency Virus ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Transmission Modes ◽  
South African Universities ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

Physiotherapy learners treat patients with Human Immuno-deficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS). There is no available published research on physiotherapy learners' opinions about how the South Afican physiotherapy undergraduate program is  helping them cope with HIV/AIDS patients. This study determines whether the physiotherapy degree offered at South African Universities, adequately prepares learners to cope with HIV/AIDS patients. Differences in knowledge and attitudes of physiotherapy learners regarding HIV/AIDS, amongst  universities is also explored. Two hundred and two senior physiotherapy learners from eight South African universities returned their  questionnaires and 55% of these were viable for analysis. A large portion (79%) of learners indicated that the physiotherapy undergraduate degree did not adequately prepare them to cope with HIV/AIDS patients. Learners' knowledge and attitudes regarding HIV/AIDS differed significantly (41% to 73%)  amongst universities. Formal lectures on HIV/AIDS significantly affected knowledge (0% -100%) but not attitude towards patients. The role of the physiotherapist, precautions, transmission modes, syndrome stages, counseling and clinical skills were considered critical in the management of HIV/AIDS patients.

scholarly journals ANGKA KEJADIAN KOMPLIKASI INTRAKRANIAL PADA PENDERITA HIV/AIDS YANG DI RAWAT INAP DI BAGIAN NEUROLOGI RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO PERIODE JULI 2012 – JUNI 2013

e-CliniC ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christy B Tumbelaka
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Tuberculous Meningitis ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Intracranial Complication ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is virus that causes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), which is a retrovirus disease that characterized by the severe immunosuppression that cause opportunistic infection, secondary neoplasm and neurologic manifestations. Nervous system involvement in HIV infections may occur directly through the virus and indirectly as a result of opportunistic infections due to immunocompromised. This study aimed to determine the incidence of intracranial complication in HIV/AIDS patients who were hospitalized in Neurology Ward of RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado from July 2012 to June 2013. This study were a retrospective descriptive study using medical record of patients with HIV/AIDS. The results showed there were 36 patients with HIV/AIDS and 27 patients had intracranial complications. Tuberculous Meningitis was the most common type of complications with percentage (51,9%). Based on those 27 HIV/AIDS patients with intracranial complication, patients who were 25-34 years old (44%) have the most intracranial complication. Based on the gender percentage, it is dominated by male (59,3%) and based on the occupations, it is commonly came from entrepreneurs (29,6%). Conclusion: The incidences of intracranial complication in patients with HIV/AIDS were quite high on Tuberculous Meningitis, and it is dominated by male. The highest distributions were found on aged 25-34 whose occupation were entrepreneurs. Keywords: Intracranial Complication, HIV/AIDS, patients.   Abstrak: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) merupakan virus yang menyebabkan penyakit Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) yaitu suatu penyakit retrovirus yang ditandai dengan imunosupresi berat yang menimbulkan infeksi oportunistik, neoplasma sekunder, dan manifestasi neurologis. Keterlibatan sistem saraf pada infeksi HIV dapat terjadi secara langsung karena virus tersebut dan tidak langsung akibat infeksi oportunistik akibat imunokompromis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui angka kejadian komplikasi intrakranial pada penderita HIV/AIDS yang di rawat inap di Bagian Neurologi RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado selama periode Juli 2012 – Juni 2013. Metode penelitian ini ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan menggunakan catatan rekam medik penderita HIV/AIDS. Hasil peneitian memperlihatkan dari 36 pasien HIV/AIDS, terdapat 27 penderita yang memiliki komplikasi intrakranial dengan persentase jenis komplikasi intrakranial terbanyak yaitu Meningitis Tuberkulosis (51,9%). Dari 27 penderita HIV/AIDS yang memiliki komplikasi intrakranial paling banyak ialah pada kelompok umur 25-34 tahun (44,4%) sedangkan untuk jenis kelamin, didominasi oleh penderita berjenis kelamin laki-laki (59,3%), dan jenis pekerjaan terbanyak ialah wiraswasta (29,6%). Kesimpulan: Angka kejadian komplikasi intrakranial pada penderita HIV/AIDS yang cukup tinggi terdapat pada Meningitis Tuberkulosis dengan jenis kelamin terbanyak ialah laki-laki. Distribusi yang cukup tinggi pula ditemukan pada kelompok umur 25-34 tahun dengan jenis pekerjaan sebagai wiraswasta. Kata Kunci: Komplikasi Intrakranial, HIV/AIDS, penderita

scholarly journals Oral Lesions in HIV/AIDS Patients on a highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
Almas Binnal ◽  
TS Bastian
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Oral Lesions ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Associated Lesions ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRACT Background Oral lesions have been reported to be the initial signs of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) infection. The main objective of the present study was to observe the prevalence of oral lesions among HIV/AIDS patients undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) attending the antiretroviral therapy (ART) center in Kasturba Medical College and Hospital, Mangalore, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka, India. Materials and methods One hundred and eight HIV/AIDS positive patients were evaluated by a single examiner. Patients’ oral cavity was examined and the various oral manifestations detected were recorded. Results The most common extraoral manifestation was lipoatrophy, and intraorally, the most prevalent findings were intraoral pigmentation (42.6%) and candidiasis (27.8%). However, the prevalence of the most commonly associated lesions like Kaposi's sarcoma (1.9%) and linear gingival erythema (2.7%) was less. Conclusion Oral lesions are considered to be markers of progression of HIV into the final stage of AIDS. Advent of HAART has shown a significant reduction in the oral lesions and a better quality of life in patients with HIV. How to cite this article Denny CE, Ramapuram J, Bastian TS, Ongole R, Binnal A, Natarajan S, Ahmed J. Oral Lesions in HIV/AIDS Patients on a highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy. Word J Dent 2016;7(2):95-99.

scholarly journals Analysis of HIV/Aids notifications in a municipality of national health between 2007 and 2017: gender, age, race, schooling, neighborhood of origin, notifying units and treatment units

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Alberton da Silva ◽  
Alexander Acauan de Aquino ◽  
Matheus Henrique Benin Lima ◽  
Ana Victória Coletto Reichert ◽  
Augusto Poloniato Gelain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Specialized Care ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction: Both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are part of the National List of Compulsory Notification of Diseases. Despite the compulsory reporting of HIV infection from 2014, there has been a drop in the detection of new cases in the last five years. Objective: Analyze the epidemiological data of HIV/AIDS case reports in the city of Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, from 2007 to 2017 in relation to gender, neighborhoods, notifying units and treatment units. Methods: Retrospective descriptive study, accomplished at the Health Surveillance Sector from the compulsory notifications available in the Information System of Notifiable Diseases (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação – SINAN). A spreadsheet was made in the Microsoft Excel® Program (2016). Data were analyzed using the SPSS® Program, descriptively through measures of prevalence, incidence and distribution. Results: There were 1,068 notifications. There was a predominance of males (55.5%) and in the age group from 27 to 43 years. Of the 31 notifying health units, three concentrated 95% of the cases: Specialized Care Service (74.7%); Hospital São Vicente de Paulo (16%); and Hospital das Clínicas of Passo Fundo (4%). The same three units concentrated 98.0% of the treatments: 88, 9 and 1%, respectively. The primary care accounted for 5.0% of the notifications. Conclusion: The higher prevalence in young adult men denotes the importance of prevention aimed at this audience. Notifications were mostly from hospitals and a public referral center, with little involvement of primary care in reporting HIV/AIDS.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors related with the presence of oral manifestations in HIV/AIDS patients who attended health institutions in Cali, Colombia.

1969 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-355
Author(s):  
Elisa María Pinzón ◽  
Sonia Marlene Bravo ◽  
Fabián Méndez ◽  
Gail Mildred Clavijo ◽  
Miguel Evelio León
Keyword(s):  
Self Report ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Manifestation ◽  
Oral Ulcers ◽  
Removable Dental Prosthesis ◽  
Health Institutions ◽  
Aids Diagnosis ◽  
Hiv Aids

Aim: To determine the prevalence and factors related with the presence of oral manifestations in HIV/AIDS patients who attended health institutions in Cali-Colombia. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was made in 319 patients who attended four health institutions in the city of Cali. The inclusion criteria were: being HIV positive patients, being over 18 years old, attending medical checkups and accepting participation. Pregnant women and inmates were excluded. Results: The general prevalence of oral manifestations was 77.1% (CI 95%: 72.4-81.7). The most frequent oral manifestation was xerostomia with 41.1% (CI 95%: 35.5-46.6), followed by the manifestations from mycotic origin [(35.7% (CI 95% 30.4-41)] bacterial [34.2% (CI 95%: 28.9-39.4)] virals [16.6 (CI 95% 12.5-20.7)], oral ulcers [7.5 (CI 95%: 4.6-10.4)] and neoplastics [3.8 (CI95% 1.6-5.8)]. The population studied did not show non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. In the multivariate analysis, the presence of oral injuries was associated with time of HIV/AIDS diagnosis during the previous 12 months, detectable viral load, and presence of removable dental prosthesis and self-report of dry mouth. Conclusions: The prevalence of oral manifestations registered in this population is high compared with those reported world-wide. Considering the association found, our results suggest that oral injuries are initial clinic characteristics of the disease and may be useful to predict treatment failure and progression from HIV infection to AIDS.

scholarly journals Vitamin D and Hemostasis Parameters in Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis Coinfections

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (B) ◽  
pp. 312-318
Author(s):  
Elrica Erica ◽  
Dina Keumala Sari ◽  
Dewi Indah Sari Siregar ◽  
Juli Yosa Mega
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Antituberculosis Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

BACKGROUND: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remains one of the most common causes of Vitamin D deficiency and homeostasis disorders due to its progressiveness and complications. AIM: This study aims to determine the relationship of Vitamin D levels with hemostasis in HIV/AIDS patients with and without pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), who were consuming efavirenz (EFV)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) for <6 months, with or without rifampicin-based antituberculosis treatment. METHODS: 25(OH)D concentration, prothrombin time (PT), and platelet index were measured in HIV/AIDS patients with and without pulmonary TB, who were consuming EFV-based ART for <6 months, with or without rifampicin-based antituberculosis treatment. This study was conducted in the Special Treatment Centers (Pusat Pelayanan Khusus, Pusyansus) Voluntary Counseling and Testing clinic at Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Haji Adam Malik, Medan, Indonesia, between August and October 2019. RESULTS: We found no significant difference in terms of 25(OH)D concentration, PT, and platelet index between the two groups, except for platelet distribution width (PDW) differs significantly between HIV/AIDS-pulmonary TB group and HIV/AIDS only group (p = 0.026). We observed a significant difference in terms of mean platelet volume and PDW between baseline and after treatment for <6 months (p ≤ 0.05) in the HIV/AIDS-pulmonary TB group and in the HIV/AIDS only group. A significant difference was also observed in terms of platelet count (p = 0.021) before and after EFV-based ART for <6 months p ≤ 0.05) in the HIV/AIDS-pulmonary TB group. CONCLUSION: There is no correlation between 25(OH)D concentration and PT or platelet index in HIV/AIDS patients with and without pulmonary TB who were consuming EFV-based ART- and rifampicin-based antituberculosis for <6 months.

scholarly journals The antifungal susceptibility of Candida albicans isolated from HIV/AIDS patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Sri Rezeki ◽  
Siti Aliyah Pradono ◽  
Gus Permana Subita ◽  
Yeva Rosana ◽  
S. Sunnati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Oral Candida ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: Candida albicans was found to be dominant in patients with human immunodeficiency virus / acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). The antifungals fluconazole, ketoconazole, and nystatin were used as oral candidiasis therapy for HIV/AIDS, each of which has differing susceptibility in oral candidiasis therapy. Purpose: The present study aimed to evaluate the susceptibility and antifungal resistance to oral C. albicans in HIV/AIDS patients. Methods: The subjects followed the universal precaution principles. Oral Candida species were isolated from the saliva of 98 HIV/AIDS subjects. Identification of Candida species was carried out by the mycobiotic agar of API 20 C Aux system. Susceptibility and resistance antifungal tests on the Candida species were performed using a Fungus ATB Kit. Results: Candida albicans was the most dominant species found from 98 subjects (95%). The rest were other Candida species. There are 41 subjects (42%) with a history of oral candidiasis, and 57 subjects (58%) without. The history of those who used antifungals were: nystatin = 60 subjects (61%), fluconazole = 39 subjects (40%), and ketoconazole = two subjects (2%). These antifungals have a susceptibility above 80% against C. albicans, except the nystatin group (79%) (p>0.05; 0.628), but fluconazole has a strong correlation (r=0.820) to susceptibility, susceptibility-dependent dose, and resistance. Conclusion: Candida albicans was dominant in the saliva of HIV/AIDS patients. This fungus was effectively treated by fluconazole, ketoconazole and nystatin. These antifungals had a high susceptibility at ≤ 8 μg/mL to C. albicans.

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