scholarly journals Quantitative Analysis of Greenhouse Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes L.) Growing

Author(s):  
Harun Özer ◽  
Mehtap Özbakır Özer ◽  
Ahmet Balkaya

This study were carried out to of different sowing time in order to determine the effects on plant growth of kohlrabi cultivation under Samsun condaitions during the autumn growing periods in unheated greenhouse. Four different seed sowing times (1st September, 15th September 1st October, 15th October), two different kohlrabi cultivars (Kolibri F1 and Korist F1) and two mulch applications (mulch covered and uncovered) were used in this study.The plant growth parameters analyzed (total plant dry weight, leaf area ratio, specific leaf area, net assimilation rate and relative growth rate) were found statistically significant (p<0.05). The highest total plant dry weight (114.1 g) was obtained from mulch application and 1st September seed sowing time. The highest leaf area ratio value were obtained in both mulch application the Kolibri F1 variety grown on October 15th. The highest net assimilation rate (0.65 g cm-2 day-1*1000) and relative growth rate (0.0090 g g day-1) were obtained from mulch covered plants grown in Kolibri varieties during September 1st. As a result, in this study higher dry matter accumulation was achieved by 1st September seed sowing times in vegetable growing in the last season in the greenhouse. In this way, the plants have successfully grown up and increased their productivity by entering the winter months, when the temperature and light intensity are decreasing.

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1859
Author(s):  
Saeid Hassanpour-bourkheili ◽  
Mahtab Heravi ◽  
Javid Gherekhloo ◽  
Ricardo Alcántara-de la Cruz ◽  
Rafael De Prado

Wild poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla L.) is a difficult-to-control weed in soybean production in Brazil that has developed resistance to herbicides, including acetolactate synthase inhibitors. We investigated the potential fitness cost associated to the Ser-653-Asn mutation that confers imazamox resistance in this weed. Plant height, leaf and stem dry weight, leaf area and seed production per plant as well as the growth indices of specific leaf area, leaf area ratio, relative growth rate and net assimilation in F2 homozygous resistant (R) and susceptible (S) wild poinsettia progenies were pairwise compared. S plants were superior in most of the traits studied. Plant heights for S and R biotypes, recorded at 95 days after planting (DAP), were 137 and 120 cm, respectively. Leaf areas were 742 and 1048 cm2 in the R and S biotypes, respectively. The dry weights of leaves and stems in the S plants were 30 and 35%, respectively, higher than in the R plants. In both biotypes, the leaves had a greater share in dry weight at early development stages, but from 50 DAP, the stem became the main contributor to the dry weight of the shoots. The R biotype produced 110 ± 4 seed plant−1, i.e., 12 ± 3% less seeds per plant than that of the S one (125 ± 7 seed plant−1). The growth indices leaf area ratio and specific leaf area were generally higher in the S biotype or similar between both biotypes; while the relative growth rate and net assimilation rate were punctually superior in the R biotype. These results demonstrate that the Ser-653-Asn mutation imposed a fitness cost in imazamox R wild poinsettia.


1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. C. Friend ◽  
V. A. Helson ◽  
J. E. Fisher

Leaf area per plant, total number of leaves and tillers, and total plant dry weight increased with increasing daylength over the range 8 to 24 h. The increase in the net assimilation rate and relative growth rate with increasing daily total radiation was similar to that obtained by raising the intensity of light given to plants grown under continuous illumination.During the vegetative phase of growth, the leaf area ratio decreased with increasing daylength, mostly because of an increased leaf thickness, again dependent on the level of total daily radiation. During the later stages of growth, earlier floral initiation at long daylengths caused an early decline in the leaf area ratio because of the rapid growth of the stem associated with inflorescence formation. This was a photoperiodic effect independent of the level of total daily radiation, as shown by supplementing an 8-h daylength with 8 h of low-intensity illumination.


HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1204-1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Ranney ◽  
Nina L. Bassuk ◽  
Thomas H. Whitlow

Growth and physiological characteristics were evaluated in autografted and reciprocally grafted plants of Prunus avium L. ×pseudocerasus Lindl. `Colt' and Prunus cerasus L. `Meteor'. Containerized plants were grown for 150 days in a greenhouse under either well-watered or water-stressed conditions. Both the scion and rootstock influenced growth (relative growth rate, R̄), morphological [leaf area : root surface area (LARSA) and specific leaf area (SLA)], and physiological (mean net assimilation rate, Ē) characteristics of grafted plants. Regardless of the watering regime, plants with `Meteor' scions and `Colt' rootstocks maintained higher R̄ than plants with `Colt' scions and `Meteor' rootstocks. This enhanced growth occurred as a result of higher Ē. Measurements on water-stressed plants also showed that the graft combination of `Meteor' on `Colt' had the lowest LARSA, while the reciprocal combination of `Colt' on `Meteor' had the highest. Differences in LARSA among water-stressed plants primarily reflected changes in SLA, as influenced by both rootstock and scion, and not in partitioning of dry weight between these organs.


Weed Science ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy E. Adcock ◽  
Philip A Banks

The effects of chlorimuron as related to application timing were evaluated on sicklepod and soybean in the glasshouse. Plants were sprayed with chlorimuron at 8.8 g ai ha–1at 14, 21, 28, and 35 days after planting (DAP). Early (14 DAP) chlorimuron application reduced sicklepod dry weight, leaf area, and water use to levels significantly less than those of plants treated at 28 and 35 DAP. Soybean dry weight and leaf area were not affected by chlorimuron. However, soybean water use was initially reduced at application timings of 28 DAP or earlier but recovered by 4 weeks after treatment (WAT). Sicklepod net assimilation rate (NAR) and relative growth rate (RGR) were reduced by chlorimuron regardless of application timing while soybean was not affected.


1972 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Bouma ◽  
EAN Greenwood ◽  
EJ Dowling

During the first 3 days after transfer of moderately sulphur-deficient plants (S1) to full nutrient solutions, the relative growth rate (Rw) was considerably lower than that of plants raised at higher sulphur levels (S2 and Sa). This was reflected in a lower leaf area ratio of the S1 plants, and particularly in a reduction of nearly 50% in the net assimilation rate (EA). Net losses in dry matter from younger emerged leaves and petioles accounted for 25% of the dry matter in new leaves and petioles of S1 plants produced during this period.


2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nestor Dario Cuéllar ◽  
Juan Manuel Arrieta Herrera

<p>Con la finalidad de conocer y entender las características fisiológicas y productivas de especies forrajeras con una alta potencialidad para ser involucradas dentro de los sistemas silvo-pastoriles, se llevó a cabo el presente estudio sobre Hibiscus rosa-sinensis. Las plantas se ubicaron bajo condiciones de vivero (17°C) y siembra directa en campo (22°C), en la estación experimental La Esperanza, localizada en el municipio de Fusagasugá (Cundinamarca, Colombia) a 4°16´34´´ N y 23´11´´ W, 1750 msnm, 20°C de temperatura promedio, 1200 mm./año, el 81% de humedad relativa y 1387 horas de luz/año. Los muestreos se realizaron cada ocho (8) días y se evaluaron los estados de crecimiento y desarrollo de la especie forrajera Hibiscus y el modelo de distribución radicular. Cuando la planta de Hibiscus rosa-sinensis se desarrolla bajo condiciones de vivero se genera un modelo de raíz gravitrópico, fuerte, con dos raíces principales pivotantes, con abundantes y extensas raíces laterales primarias y secundarias (Modelo Tsutsumi et al, 2003); por el contrario, en campo el modelo predice que las plantas desarrollan un modelo radicular plagio-gravitrópico superficial; a los 105 días la relación raíz:brote (R:B) es muy deficiente (0,16), frente a las de vivero (0,25). Las dos (2) raíces principales y las laterales primarias y secundarias no son muy abundantes. Hasta los 105 días después de la siembra, las plantas bajo las condiciones de vivero son superiores a las establecidas en siembra directa en su índice de área foliar (IAF), área foliar efectiva (AFE), tasa de asimilación neta (TAN) y, por consiguiente, en su tasa de crecimiento relativo (TCR); a partir de este tiempo, las plantas en campo comienzan una fase de crecimiento exponencial, como lo mostró la TCR y la TAN. La especie Hibiscus rosa-sinensis necesariamente requiere una fase de vivero de hasta los 98 o 105 días. El sistema de raíz desarrollado por la planta permite conocer que la fertilización temprana no sería viable y que ésta se puede realizar a partir de los 60 días después del transplante, cuando el desarrollo alométrico de la planta es equilibrado. Las tasas e índices fisiológicos (TAN, RAF, AFE, IAF, TCR) nos permiten proponer la especie Hibiscus rosa-sinensis como una planta óptima para los sistemas de silvopastoreo y planificar las labores culturales y agronómicas como especie forrajera.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Evaluating Physiological Responses to Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. under Conditions of Direct Planting and Nursery</strong></p><p>Aiming to know and understanding the physiological and productive forages species traits potentially to get involved into silvopastoral systems, this experiment were conducted at nurserys (17°C) and direct sown (22°C) conditions. The experimental station “La Esperanza” is in Fusagasugá, Colombia at 4°16´34´´N and 23´11´´´W, 1750 masl, 20°C average temperature, 1200 mm/year, 81% RH, 1387 light hour/year. The sampling were realized each eight (8) days and assessing variability in growth, cumulative leaf area, aboveground biomass, mean relative growth rate, mean net assimilation rate, and mean leaf area ratio related to forages specie Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. Moreover were evaluated a distribution roots model. Plant species widely differ in their grown potential when they are grown under different conditions. The results shown that H. rosa-sinensis rising in nursery conditions had a more elongated, greater radial growth and gravitrópic roots than those of direct planting plants. The ratio between roots and shoot is strongly and positive related to the nursery (0.75) and poor in direct sown (0.16) conditions during 105 days after planting (dap). Also another factor as physiology (the net assimilation rate, specific leaf area, leaf area ratio) can explain the difference in RGR (relative growth rate) between species grown in nursery and direct planting conditions. At this stage (105 days) the plants shown the highest values on relative growth and net assimilation rate in nursery conditions. Furthermore the Hibiscus rosa-sinensis specie require grown in a nursery phase until 98 days to optimum conditions to planting in open fields. Fees and physiological indices (TAN, RAF, SLA, LAI, RGR) allow us to propose the species Hibiscus rosa-sinensis as an optimal plant silvopastoral systems and cultural planning and agricultural work as a forage.</p>


Author(s):  
E. A. Effa ◽  
A. A. J. Mofunanya ◽  
B. A. Ngele

Background: Soil pH is one of the most important factors that contribute to crop growth and productivity. The present research was designed to assess the influence of soil amendment using organic manure and agricultural lime on the relative growth rate (RGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR) of Phaseolus vulgaris and Vigna aconitifolia grown on soils from different locations. Methodology: The three locations were: Akamkpa, Calabar Municipality and Odukpani. The pH for the three soil locations were 4.0, 7.0 and 9.0, respectively. The treatments were; control (0 g), OM1 (100 g organic manure), OM2 (200 g organic manure), AL1 (100 g agricultural lime), AL2 (200 g agricultural lime), OM1 + AL1 (50 g organic manure + 50 g agricultural lime) and OM2 +AL2 (100 g organic manure and 100 g agricultural lime). Results: Results obtained on the RGR of the leaf dry weight of P. vulgaris treated with OM2 was the highest (0.50 g/wk) followed by OM1 (0.41 g/wk). OM1 + AL1 had the highest RGR of the stem dry weight of P. vulgaris grown on soil from Calabar Municipality. In the RGR of the root dry weight, OM2 had the highest mean value in both plants grown on Akamkpa soil. Results obtained at 4 weeks after planting (WAP) revealed that there was significant (P<0.05) increase in NAR of plants grown on soil from Akamkpa. The highest NAR was obtained for V. aconitifolia treated with OM2 (0.0447 g/wk) followed by OM2 + AL2 (0.0057 g/wk) for both V. aconitifolia and P. vulgaris. P. vulgaris grown on Akamkpa and Odukpani soils treated with AL2 (0.0032 g/wk), OM1 + AL1 (0.0041 g/wk) and OM2+ AL2 (0.0062 g/wk) had the highest NAR at 8 WAP. Conclusion: The RGR and NAR of the two bean varieties were improved following treatments with organic manure and agricultural lime.


1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-134
Author(s):  
Daniel K. Struve ◽  
W. Timothy Rhodus

The basal 1 cm of taproot of dormant bareroot 1-0 red oak (Quercusrubra L.) seedlings were given a 3-s dip in 20, 40, or 80 mM concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), phenyl indole-3-thiolobutyrate (P-ITB), or equal parts IBA and P-ITB at 20 or 40 mM concentrations. Sixty control seedlings were dipped in 95% ethanol, while 30 seedlings were used for each auxin treatment. Seedlings were potted on May 12, 1986, and grown outdoors. At the end of the 104-day study period, all concentrations of IBA and P-ITB significantly increased number of roots regenerated (from 5.3 with 20 mM IBA to 11.9 for 80 mM IBA) compared with control seedlings. However, P-ITB-treated seedlings produced significantly more leaves (20–24) and leaf area (320–472 cm2), and up to 10 g more dry weight than IBA and non-auxin-treated seedlings. P-ITB treated seedlings had higher relative growth and net assimilation rates and lower leaf area ratio than IBA-treated or control seedlings. Seedlings treated with 20 mM of equal parts IBA and P-ITB were similar to P-ITB-treated seedlings while seedlings treated with the 40 mM IBA and P-ITB combination were similar to IBA-treated seedlings.


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