Sea Surface Radiocarbon Reservoir Age Changes in the Aegean Sea from about 11,200 BP to Present

Radiocarbon ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yorgos Facorellis ◽  
Evi Vardala-Theodorou
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Calibration Data ◽  
Marine Mollusk ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Collection Date ◽  
First Time

Archaeological excavations in two coastal sites of Greece, Ftelia on Mykonos and Cyclops Cave on Youra, have provided suitable material (charcoal/marine mollusk shell paired samples deposited simultaneously in undisturbed anthropogenic layers) to estimate regional changes of the sea surface radiocarbon reservoir effect (ΔR) in the Aegean Sea. Moreover, pre-bomb 14C ages of marine mollusk shells of known collection date, from Piraeus and Nafplion in Greece and Smyrna in Turkey, also contributed to the marine reservoir calculation during recent years. In this article, these already published results, 10 in total, are considered and calibrated again using the latest issues of the calibration curves IntCal13 and Marine13. The same calibration data were applied to 11 more paired samples from the archaeological sites of Palamari on Skyros and Franchthi Cave in the Argolic Gulf, published here for the first time, in order to investigate the fluctuation of the reservoir ages R(t) and ΔR values in the Aegean Sea from ∼11,200 BP (∼13,000 cal BP) to present. Our data show that R(t) and ΔR values are not constant through time and may vary from 1220 ± 148 to −3 ± 53 yr and −451 ± 68 to 858 ± 154 14C yr, respectively. An attempt was also made to correlate these fluctuations with eastern Mediterranean paleo-environmental proxies and other relevant paleoceanographic data found in the literature.

scholarly journals Dating the Lascaux Cave Gour Formation

Radiocarbon ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Genty ◽  
S Konik ◽  
H Valladas ◽  
D Blamart ◽  
J Hellstrom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Seepage Water ◽  
Calibration Data ◽  
Atlantic Period ◽  
Carbonate Deposit ◽  
Cave Paintings ◽  
Geomorphological Changes ◽  
Lascaux Cave ◽  
First Time

Lascaux Cave is renowned for its outstanding prehistoric paintings, strikingly well-preserved over about 18,000 yr. While stalagmites and stalactites are almost absent in the cave, there is an extensive calcite flowstone that covered a large part of the cave until its opening for tourists during the 1950s. The deposit comprises a succession of calcite rims, or “gours,” which allowed seepage water to pond in large areas in the cave. Their possible role in preservation of the cave paintings has often been evoked, but until now this deposit has not been studied in detail. Here, we present 24 new radiocarbon accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) and 6 uranium-thorium (U-Th) analyses from the calcite of the gours, 4 AMS 14C dates from charcoals trapped in the calcite, and 4 AMS 14C analyses on organic matter extracted from the calcite. Combining the calibrated 14C ages obtained on charcoals and organic matter and U-Th ages from 14C analyses made on the carbonate, has allowed the calculation of the dead carbon proportion (dcp) of the carbonate deposits. The latter, used with the initial atmospheric 14C activities reconstructed with the new IntCal09 calibration data, allows high-resolution age estimation of the gour calcite samples and their growth rates. The carbonate deposit grew between 9530 and 6635 yr cal BP (for dcp = 10.7 ± 1.8%; 2 σ) or between 8518 and 5489 yr cal BP (for dcp = 20.5 ± 1.9%; 2 σ). This coincides with humid periods that can be related to the Atlantic period in Europe and to Sapropel 1 in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. However, geomorphological changes at the cave entrance might also have played a role in the gour development. In the 1940s, when humans entered the cave for the first time since its prehistoric occupation, the calcite gours had already been inactive for several thousand years.

scholarly journals Description of the first Lessepsian squid migrant, Sepioteuthis lessoniana (CEPHALOPODA: Loliginidae), in the Aegean Sea (Eastern Mediterranean)

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. LEFKADITOU ◽  
M. CORSINI-FOKA ◽  
G. KONDILATOS
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Morphometric Measurements ◽  
Important Resource ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Sepioteuthis Lessoniana ◽  
First Time

Loliginid squids of the Sepioteuthis lessoniana complex are widely spread in the Indo-Pacific Ocean, where they constitute a commercially important resource for neritic fisheries. Sepioteuthis lessoniana is the only Lessepsian squid migrant till now, recorded for the first time in the Mediterranean in 2002 along the Turkish Levantine coasts. Two maturing males, with mantle lengths 193 mm and 244 mm, have been recently caught near the coasts of Rhodes Island (SE Aegean), extending the species distribution northward, into Hellenic waters. Their identity was confirmed by comparison of the main body, beak characteristics and morphometric measurements with those available in the literature for this species. Suspected expansion of the Lessepsian loliginid into the Aegean Sea, due to the gradual warming of the sea, is discussed.

scholarly journals Alien foraminifers from Greek coastal areas (Aegean Sea, Eastern Mediterranean)

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. KOUKOUSIOURA ◽  
M.D. DIMIZA ◽  
M.V. TRIANTAPHYLLOU
Keyword(s):  
Additional Data ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Foraminiferal Species ◽  
Distributional Range ◽  
First Time

The present study provides additional data on the distributional range of six alien foraminiferal species in living assemblages from Greek coastal areas (Aegean Sea, Eastern Mediterranean). Amphistegina lobiferaLARSEN 1976, Sorites orbiculus (FORSK L 1775) and Coscinospira hemprichii EHRENBERG 1839 are well established in Greek coastal areas, whereas Triloculina fichteliana D'ORBIGNY 1839, Planogypsina acervalis (BRADY 1884) and Cymbaloporetta plana (CUSHMAN 1924), are recorded for the first time in this paper. The occurrence of these species in a number of sites in the Aegean Sea establishes their presence in the Eastern Mediterranean.

scholarly journals Sponge species from ports of the inner and middle parts of İzmir Bay (Aegean Sea, Eastern Mediterranean)

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alper EVCEN ◽  
Melih Ertan ÇINAR
Keyword(s):  
Alien Species ◽  
Invasive Alien Species ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Sponge Species ◽  
Izmir Bay ◽  
First Time ◽  
Hard Substrata

Four sponge species (Sycon raphanus, Sycon ciliatum, Paraleucilla magna and Dysidea fragilis) were found on artificial hard substrata of several ports in the inner and middle parts of Izmir Bay. The invasive alien species Paraleucilla magna, is being recorded for the first time from the Aegean coast of Turkey. It was very abundant almost at all studied ports, covering up to 35% of the sampled surfaces. The morphological and distributional features of the four species are described.

scholarly journals A new record of the genus Trygaeus Dohrn, 1881 and species Trygaeus communis Dohrn, 1881 (Arthropoda, Pycnogonida) from Turkey (Eastern Mediteranean)

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cengiz Kocak
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
New Record ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Line Drawing ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Sampling Studies ◽  
Sea Spider ◽  
First Time

Sampling studies in the Turkish Aegean Sea revealed the occurrence of the sea spider species, Trygaeus communis Dohrn, 1881. The genus Trygaeus and species Trygaeus communis Dohrn, 1881 are recorded for the first time from Turkey. The genus and species are also recorded for the second time from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Distribution map of the species in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea is provided, together with photographs and line drawing of the species. This record further extends the known distribution of the species to Turkey in the Eastern Mediterranean.

Taxonomy of some sponges (Porifera: Demospongiae) collected from the Aegean Sea and description of a new species

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 1527-1538 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kefalas ◽  
J. Castritsi-Catharios
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Systematic Survey ◽  
Taxonomic Description ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

A systematic survey of the sponge fauna of the Aegean Sea has been carried out. Twenty-eight stations located in the Aegean Sea were explored and 59 species of Demospongiae were collected from this particular area, which covers a broader geographical area of the Aegean and Cretan Seas. Some of the species found are poorly known for the Mediterranean fauna, like Cerbaris curvispiculifera and Spongosorites flavens, which are reported for the first time in the Aegean Sea and generally in the eastern Mediterranean. The species Axinyssa michaelis sp. nov. (Halichondriidae: Halichondrida) is new to science. In this paper, a description of the new species is presented along with the description of the first recorded species in the Aegean Sea. In addition to the taxonomic description of the species, some ecological data and a distribution pattern are also presented.

An Account of Our Knowledge of the Amphipod Fauna of the Aegean Sea

Crustaceana ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 597-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Voultsiadou-Koukoura ◽  
D. Stefanidou
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
New Records ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Amphipod Species ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Northern Aegean Sea ◽  
First Time ◽  
Interesting Species

AbstractDuring benthic surveys in the northern Aegean Sea, 188 amphipod species were found; 39 among these comprise new records for the amphipod fauna of the eastern Mediterranean Sea, 41 are reported for the first time from the Aegean Sea and 62 are new for the fauna of the northern Aegean Sea. A checklist of the amphipods known from the Aegean Sea up to the present is given (239 species), along with their distribution in certain Mediterranean areas. For the most interesting species found, information on their distribution and their habitat is given. The amphipod fauna of the above areas is estimated, on the basis of the relevant literature. Finally, the affinities among these areas using the coefficient of Czekanowski, along with the number of species common to each pair of areas, are estimated.

scholarly journals Spatial Variability and Trends of Marine Heat Waves in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea over 39 Years

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 643
Author(s):  
Omneya Ibrahim ◽  
Bayoumy Mohamed ◽  
Hazem Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sea Level Pressure ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Marine Life ◽  
The Mean

Marine heatwaves (MHWs) can cause devastating impacts on marine life. The frequency of MHWs, gauged with respect to historical temperatures, is expected to rise significantly as the climate continues to warm. The MHWs intensity and count are pronounced with many parts of the oceans and semi enclosed seas, such as Eastern Mediterranean Sea (EMED). This paper investigates the descriptive spatial variability and trends of MHW events and their main characteristics of the EMED from 1982 to 2020 using Sea Surface Temperature (SST) data obtained from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Optimum Interpolation ([NOAA] OI SST V2.1). Over the last two decades, we find that the mean MHW frequency and duration increased by 40% and 15%, respectively. In the last decade, the shortest significant MHW mean duration is 10 days, found in the southern Aegean Sea, while it exceeds 27 days off the Israeli coast. The results demonstrate that the MHW frequency trend increased by 1.2 events per decade between 1982 and 2020, while the MHW cumulative intensity (icum) trend increased by 5.4 °C days per decade. During the study period, we discovered that the maximum significant MHW SST event was 6.35 °C above the 90th SST climatology threshold, lasted 7 days, and occurred in the year 2020. It was linked to a decrease in wind stress, an increase in air temperature, and an increase in mean sea level pressure.

scholarly journals Assessment of microplastics distribution and stratification in the shallow marine sediments of Samos island, Eastern Mediterranean sea, Greece

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 736
Author(s):  
VERA N. DE RUIJTER ◽  
ANASTASIA MILOU ◽  
VALENTINA COSTA
Keyword(s):  
Marine Sediments ◽  
Intertidal Zone ◽  
Environmental Fate ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Shallow Marine ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Shallow Marine Sediments ◽  
First Time

Microplastics (MPs) are becoming ubiquitous in the marine environment and shallow marine sediments are one of the major sinks for MPs. In order to improve the knowledge about the environmental fate of MPs in the Aegean Sea shallow sediments, the occurrence and spatial distribution of MPs in Samos Island (Greece) was investigated for the first time, along a land-sea transect. The highest concentration of MPs was recorded at the Beach (37.2 ± 6.9 MPs/Kg DW), while the lowest concentration was recorded in the Intertidal zone (1.1 ± 0.9 MPs/Kg DW). In relation to the different shapes, Fragments and Pellets were more abundant on the Beach, while Fibers were more abundant in the Intertidal zone and barely any Sheets were found along the transect, suggesting a distribution probably governed not only by size but also morphology and perhaps chemical composition. A higher accumulation of particles was recorded in the first 10 cm of sediments, in comparison to the deepest 5 cm, indicating an increase of microplastics in the shallow marine sediments.

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