Evaluation of gastric emptying time, gastrointestinal transit time, sedation score, and nausea score associated with intravenous constant rate infusion of lidocaine hydrochloride in clinically normal dogs

Historically, measurement of gastrointestinal transit time has required collection and X-raying of faecal samples for up to 7 d after swallowing radio-opaque markers; a tedious, labour-intensive technique for both subjects and investigators. Recently, a wireless motility capsule (SmartPill®), which uses gut pH, pressure and temperature to measure transit time, has been developed. This device, however, has not been validated with dietary interventions. Therefore, we conducted a controlled cross-over trial to determine whether the device could detect a significant difference in transit time after ten healthy subjects (five men and five women) consumed 9 g of wheat bran (WB) or an equal volume, low-fibre control for 3 d. A paired t test was used to determine differences in transit times. Colonic transit time decreased by 10·8 (sd 6·6) h (P = 0·006) on the WB treatment. Whole-gut transit time also decreased by 8·9 (sd 5·4) h (P = 0·02) after the consumption of WB. Gastric emptying time and small-bowel transit time did not differ between treatments. Despite encouraging results, the present study had several limitations including short duration, lack of randomisation and unusable data due to delayed gastric emptying of the capsule. With minimal participant burden, the SmartPill technology appears to be a potentially useful tool for assessing transit time after a dietary intervention. This technology could be considered for digestive studies with novel fibres and other ingredients that are promoted for gut health.

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RADIOGRAPHIC ASSESSMENT OF GASTRIC EMPTYING AND GASTROINTESTINAL TRANSIT TIME IN HYBRID TILAPIA (OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS×O. MOSSAMBICUS)

Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound ◽

10.1111/j.1740-8261.2007.00218.x ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 132-134 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

HOCK GAN HENG ◽

T. W. ONG ◽

M. D. HASSAN

Keyword(s):

Gastric Emptying ◽

Transit Time ◽

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Gastrointestinal Transit ◽

Radiographic Assessment ◽

Gastrointestinal Transit Time

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The effect of a dexmedetomidine constant rate infusion on cardiopulmonary function and colonic blood flow in anesthetized, experimentally endotoxemic horses

Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia ◽

10.1016/j.vaa.2020.07.017 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 47 (6) ◽

pp. 855.e6

Author(s):

R. Hector ◽

M. Rezende ◽

B. Nelson ◽

E. Monnet

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Constant Rate Infusion ◽

Cardiopulmonary Function ◽

Constant Rate ◽

Colonic Blood Flow ◽

Rate Infusion

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Counterregulation of insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in primary hypothyroidism

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.1110516 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 111 (4) ◽

pp. 516-521

Author(s):

Nina Clausen ◽

Per-Eric Lins ◽

Ulf Adamson ◽

Bertil Hamberger ◽

Suad Efendić

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Insulin Infusion ◽

Primary Hypothyroidism ◽

Constant Rate Infusion ◽

Counterregulatory Hormones ◽

Insulin Metabolism ◽

Hormonal Responses ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Constant Rate ◽

Rate Infusion

Abstract. Hypothyroidism has been alleged to modulate insulin action and influence the secretion of growth hormone and catecholamines. We recently investigated the influence of hypothyroidism on glucose counterregulatory capacity and the hormonal responses to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in 6 patients with primary hypothyroidism (age 32–52 years, TSH-values 66–200 mU/l). Hypoglycaemia was induced in the hypothyroid state and again when the subjects were euthyroid. After an overnight fast a constant rate infusion of insulin (2.4 U/h) was given for 4 h. Glucose was measured every 15 min and insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, epinephrine, norepinephrine, growth hormone and cortisol every 30 min for 5 h. During insulin infusion somewhat higher concentrations of the hormone were obtained in the hypothyroid state and simultaneously glucose levels were 0.5 mmol/l lower. As expected, basal norepinephrine levels were higher in hypothyroidism. However, no increase in circulating norepinephrine during hypoglycaemia was registered in the two experiments. The responses of counterregulatory hormones showed an enhanced response of cortisol, similar responses of growth hormone and epinephrine while the glucagon response was paradoxically impaired. Our findings suggest that hypothyroidism alters insulin metabolism, and that the glucagon response to hypoglycaemia is impaired in this condition.

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