Acute Effects of a Single Bout of Resistance Exercise on Postural Control in Elderly Persons

2005 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 725-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin B. Moore ◽  
Thomas Korff ◽  
Stephen J. Kinzey
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Critical Point ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Loop Control

Many elderly persons are engaging in resistance exercise to counter muscle atrophy due to aging. Here, the acute effects of resistance exercise on postural control mechanisms were examined. Postural control was quantified by mean square center-of-pressure displacements were calculated utilizing force vectors in accordance with previously developed equations. Stabilogram-diffusion plots utilized the displacements as data points after curve-fitting techniques were applied. Two regions, representing the open-loop and closed-loop postural control mechanisms, are shown by the plots and separated at the critical point, which represents the shift in control mechanisms. 21 older adults (age M = 71.2, SD = 3.84, range 66–81 years) performed three sets of 10–12 repetitions for six resistance exercises for the lower extremity until fatigue. Immediately after exercise, postural stability was reduced. This was represented by a shift of the critical point to the right, indicating an increase in open-loop control. Since resistance training has an acute negative effect on postural control, it is advised to assist elderly clients carefully and immediately after resistance training.

scholarly journals TEMPORAL AND FRACTAL BEHAVIOR OF THE CENTER OF PRESSURE IN PARKINSONIAN AND HEALTHY ELDERLY COHORTS DURING QUIET STANDING

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2040036
Author(s):  
SEONHONG HWANG ◽  
JAESUN REE ◽  
JISUN HWANG
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Fluctuation Analysis ◽  
Area Formula ◽  
Scaling Exponents ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Scaling Properties ◽  
Healthy Elderly

This study investigated the quantitative scaling properties of the center of pressure (COP) as well as the spatial-temporal properties of the COP to elucidate the postural control behavior of healthy elderly (HE) adults and adults with Parkinson’s disease (PD) during quiet standing. Eighteen adults with PD and eighteen HE adults participated in this study. The COP movements were recorded while participants stood on either a firm surface or on a foam pad with their eyes either opened or closed. The sway ranges in the anterior–posterior (AP) ([Formula: see text] and medio-lateral (ML) ([Formula: see text] directions, the total length of the trajectory ([Formula: see text], sway area ([Formula: see text], and scaling exponents ([Formula: see text] from detrended fluctuation analysis were computed from the measured COP data. All temporal variables of the COP in all conditions were found to be significantly larger in the PD group than in the HE group. Low scaling exponents obtained for the PD group showed this group possessed diminished postural control ability compared to the HE group. The PD group showed unpredictable open-loop control in both the AP and ML directions. This proprioceptive control became predictable and the time scale relations decreased as the postural challenges increased. The AP and ML closed-loop control of the PD group was more predictable than that of the HE group only when proprioception was distorted using intact visual input, and the visual and proprioceptive inputs were both intact.

Alterations in Gait Initiation Are Present in Those With Posttraumatic Ankle Osteoarthritis: A Pilot Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik A. Wikstrom ◽  
Robert B. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Gait Initiation ◽  
Static Balance ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Ankle Osteoarthritis ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Balance Trials

The purpose of this investigation was to determine if stereotypical patterns of gait initiation are altered in those with posttraumatic ankle osteoarthritis. Ten subjects, five with unilateral ankle osteoarthritis and five uninjured controls, participated. Subjects completed the SF-36 and Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale to quantify self-reported disability as well as 10 dual-limb static stance trials and 10 gait initiation trials with each leg. Center of pressure outcomes were calculated for static balance trials while the peak center of pressure excursions were calculated for each phase of gait initiation. The results indicate greater self-reported disability (P< .05) and worse static postural control (P< .05) in the ankle osteoarthritis group. Nonstereotypical patterns were also observed during the first and third phases of gait initiation in those with ankle osteoarthritis. The results of this pilot study suggest that supraspinal motor control mechanisms may have changed in those with posttraumatic ankle osteoarthritis.

The effects of spaceflight on open-loop and closed-loop postural control mechanisms: human neurovestibular studies on SLS-2

1995 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Collins ◽  
C. J. De Luca ◽  
A. E. Pavlik ◽  
S. H. Roy ◽  
M. S. Emley
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Control Mechanisms

scholarly journals QUANTIFICATION OF DIRECTION AND MAGNITUDE OF CYCLICAL POSTURAL SWAY USING ELLIPSES

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (05) ◽  
pp. 213-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRICK J. SPARTO ◽  
MARK S. REDFERN
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Pressure Data ◽  
Cardinal Direction ◽  
Periodic Inputs ◽  
Lateral Axis

In this paper we demonstrate a new method to quantify direction and magnitude of sway in response to periodic inputs. The postural sway response was modeled as an ellipse, allowing the determination of angle of heading as well as the resultant magnitude. To demonstrate this methodology, center of pressure data obtained from a subject receiving sinusoidal (0.25 Hz, 1.2 mA peak-to-peak) galvanic vestibular stimulation in both the binaural-bipolar and binaural-monopolar configurations were analyzed. The binaural-bipolar and binaural-monopolar stimuli elicited sway patterns that were oriented at 4° and 97° to the medial-lateral axis, respectively. In addition, the binaural-monopolar stimulus generated twice as much sway as the binaural-bipolar stimulus. We propose that this method can be applied to sway obtained from sinusoidal inputs to the sensory systems controlling balance. Estimation of the direction and magnitude of postural sway will become an important tool for understanding postural control mechanisms for disturbances to balance that do not occur in a cardinal direction.

Age-related changes in open-loop and closed-loop postural control mechanisms

1995 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 480-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Collins ◽  
C. J. De Luca ◽  
A. Burrows ◽  
L. A. Lipsitz
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

Age Related Decline in Postural Control Mechanisms

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
George E. Stelmach ◽  
Normand Teasdale ◽  
Richard P. Di Fabio ◽  
Jim Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Small Perturbations ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Movable Platform

In order to study voluntary and reflexive mechanisms of postural control, young and elderly persons were given large-fast and small-slow ankle-rotation postural disturbances while standing on a movable platform capable of measuring ground reaction forces. Large-fast rotations were employed to activate long-loop reflexes, and small-slow rotations were employed to tap the higher level sensory integration aspects of postural control. Overall, the elderly persons exhibited more perturbation induced sway and showed a slowing in voluntary, as opposed to reflexive mechanisms of correcting postural disturbance. For both age groups, reflexive mechanisms were found to be relatively intact. When small perturbations were given, the elderly persons swayed more than young participants and produced sporadic reflexive activity. Moreover, elderly persons did not adapt to the small perturbations and exhibited increased postural sway to repetitive presentation of the perturbation, whereas young participants substantially decreased their postural sway. These data demonstrate that elderly persons are at some disadvantage when posture is under the control of slower, higher level sensory integrative mechanisms.

Studying metabolic regulation in human muscle

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Muscle Metabolism ◽  
Atp Synthesis ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Loop Feedback ◽  
Parallel Activation

Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy, despite some limitations, is a valuable non-invasive window on muscle metabolism in vivo, particularly oxidative ATP synthesis. A number of experiments have shown this to be dominated by closed-loop feedback mechanisms: a well-known model posits regulation by ADP, but there are others, difficult to distinguish experimentally. Moreover the contribution of open-loop control mechanisms (‘feed forward’ or ‘parallel activation’) in vivo remains controversial. Progress will require more precise data, better integrated with other measurements (e.g. muscle oxygenation), and improvement of the conceptual tools appropriate to such studies, where data are limited and steady-state assumptions frequently inapplicable.

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