Role of Visual Acuity in Tachistoscopic Recognition of Three-Letter Words

1974 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 755-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Curcio ◽  
William Mackavey ◽  
Jeffrey Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Word Recognition ◽  
Right Visual Field ◽  
Gap Detection ◽  
Vertical Meridian ◽  
Line Target ◽  
Tachistoscopic Recognition ◽  
The Right

It has been suggested that a correlation between word recognition and visual acuity would constitute a confounding influence in word-recognition studies within a laterality paradigm. 20 Ss made binary judgments concerning the presence or absence of a spatial gap in a tachistoscopically presented line target positioned at .75°, 1.5°, 3.0°, and 6.0° in either visual field. Gap detection was superior in the right visual field ( p = .02) at the 6.0° position. Word recognition was determined for tachistoscopically presented three-letter words positioned along a 6.0° vertical meridian in either visual field. Visual acuity performance was not related to word recognition either for the group or for individual Ss. The data therefore do not encourage the view that normal variations in acuity significantly affect word recognition in laterality studies.

Critique of Heron's Directional-Reading Conflict Theory of Scanning

1969 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Fudin
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Left Visual Field ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Slight Modification ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Right Visual Field ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Way

Heron (1957) proposed a theory of scanning of tachistoscopically presented alphabetical stimuli. It provided a unifying framework to interpret the disparate results obtained when a target is exposed such that half of it is in the left visual field and half in the right visual field, and when arrays are presented laterally, i.e., either in the right or left field. The theory basically holds that eye-movement tendencies established through reading are also operative in covert scanning because tachistoscopically exposed material is encoded in a manner similar to the way it is read. This paper accepts this position but offers a critical evaluation of Heron's ideas as to the manner in which these tendencies function. This discussion and a reexamination of the role of these tendencies in reading lead to the conclusion that they operate sequentially, not simultaneously, as Heron contended. A slight modification in Heron's theory is offered in light of this conclusion.

Asynchrony of Lateral Onset as a Factor in Difference in Visual Field

1976 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Hatta
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Left Visual Field ◽  
Right Visual Field ◽  
Perceptual Process ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Stimulus Interval ◽  
Laterality Effect ◽  
The Right

An experiment in matching judgments was designed to examine a role of perceptual process in apparent asymmetry. Recognition of Hirakana letters (Japanese letters) was required. The experimental condition in which stimuli were presented to the left visual field first and to the right visual field second produced more errors for all stimulus intervals (0 to 60 msec.) than experimental conditions where stimuli were presented to the right visual field first and to the left one second. Especially, superiority of the latter condition was marked with the longest stimulus interval employed. These results indicate superiority of the left hemisphere function for recognizing Hirakana letters and suggest that not only memory but also perceptual process contributes to this laterality effect.

The Contribution of Attention to the Right Visual Field Advantage for Word Recognition

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E.R. Nicholls ◽  
Amanda G. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Word Recognition ◽  
Right Visual Field ◽  
The Right

scholarly journals Hemifield-Specific Rotational Biases during the Observation of Ambiguous Human Silhouettes

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1349
Author(s):  
Chiara Lucafò ◽  
Daniele Marzoli ◽  
Caterina Padulo ◽  
Stefano Troiano ◽  
Lucia Pelosi Zazzerini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Confounding Factor ◽  
Visual Representations ◽  
Right Visual Field ◽  
Implicit Representation ◽  
Motor Processes ◽  
Ambiguous Stimuli ◽  
The Right ◽  
Motor Representations

Both static and dynamic ambiguous stimuli representing human bodies that perform unimanual or unipedal movements are usually interpreted as right-limbed rather than left-limbed, suggesting that human observers attend to the right side of others more than the left one. Moreover, such a bias is stronger when static human silhouettes are presented in the RVF (right visual field) than in the LVF (left visual field), which might represent a particular instance of embodiment. On the other hand, hemispheric-specific rotational biases, combined with the well-known bias to perceive forward-facing figures, could represent a confounding factor when accounting for such findings. Therefore, we investigated whether the lateralized presentation of an ambiguous rotating human body would affect its perceived handedness/footedness (implying a role of motor representations), its perceived spinning direction (implying a role of visual representations), or both. To this aim, we required participants to indicate the perceived spinning direction (which also unveils the perceived handedness/footedness) of ambiguous stimuli depicting humans with an arm or a leg outstretched. Results indicated that the lateralized presentation of the stimuli affected both their perceived limb laterality (a larger number of figures being interpreted as right-limbed in the RVF than in the LVF) and their perceived spinning direction (a larger number of figures being interpreted as spinning clockwise in the LVF than in the RVF). However, the hemifield of presentation showed a larger effect size on the perceived spinning direction than on the perceived limb laterality. Therefore, as we already proposed, the implicit representation of others’ handedness seems to be affected more by visual than by motor processes during the perception of ambiguous human silhouettes.

Superiority of the Left Cerebral Hemisphere in Word Recognition with Nonverbal Central Fixation

1984 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 895-898
Author(s):  
Stephen Meredith Williams
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Word Recognition ◽  
Cerebral Hemisphere ◽  
Right Visual Field ◽  
Left Cerebral Hemisphere ◽  
Bilateral Presentation ◽  
Fixation Task ◽  
The Right ◽  
Central Fixation

The right visual-field advantage for bilateral presentation put forward by McKeever and Huling was investigated. The central-fixation task was varied so that in one condition this task was nonverbal. Results gave some support for scanning-type explanations in this paradigm but over-all favoured Kinsbourne's activation-and-priming account.

Cerebral Dominance and Attentional Bias in Word Recognition

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 791-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Leventhal
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Word Recognition ◽  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Cerebral Dominance ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Right Visual Field ◽  
Functional Localization ◽  
Left And Right

This study investigated the role of cerebral dominance, functional localization, and attentional bias on the recognition of neutral and emotionally charged words presented unilaterally and bilaterally by a tachistoscope to the left and right visual fields of 42 left and 42 right handers. The major findings were: (1) Over-all, right handers perceived more words than left handers; (2) Although more neutral words were perceived, there were no interactive effects for type of word; (3) Unilateral presentation: LVF = RVF for left and right handers; Bilateral presentation: left handers evidenced a left visual-field advantage, right handers evidenced a right visual-field advantage; (4) Directional cuing did not magnify the existing visual field advantage but increased efficiency of recognition for words presented to the correctly cued nondominant visual field and decreased efficiency of recognition for words presented to the incorrectly cued dominant visual field. It was concluded that, although each hemisphere was equally capable of processing single words, cerebral dominance and functional localization interact with attentional bias to produce the observed differential in word recognition of the left and right visual fields.

scholarly journals The role of orthographic neighbourhood effects in lateralized lexical decision: a replication study and meta-analysis

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11266
Author(s):  
Adam J. Parker ◽  
Ciara Egan ◽  
Jack H. Grant ◽  
Sophie Harte ◽  
Brad T. Hudson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Right Visual Field ◽  
Facilitative Role ◽  
The Right ◽  
Future Work

The effect of orthographic neighbourhood size (N) on lexical decision reaction time differs when words are presented in the left or right visual fields. Evidence suggests a facilitatory N effect (i.e., faster reaction times for words with larger neighbourhoods) in the left visual field. However, the N effect in the right visual field remains controversial: it may have a weaker facilitative role or it may even be inhibitory. In a pre-registered online experiment, we replicated the interaction between N and visual field and provided support for an inhibitory N effect in the right visual field. We subsequently conducted a pre-registered systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesise the available evidence and determine the direction of N effects across visual fields. Based on the evidence, it would seem the effect is inhibitory in the right visual field. Furthermore, the size of the N effect is considerably smaller in the right visual field. Both studies revealed considerable heterogeneity between participants and studies, and we consider the implications of this for future work.

scholarly journals Improved Vision from Severe Compressive Optic Neuropathy by Apical Cavernous Hemangioma

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyera Kang ◽  
Yasuhiro Takahashi ◽  
Kunihiro Nishimura ◽  
Muneyoshi Yasuda ◽  
Hiroyoshi Akutsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Cavernous Hemangioma ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Rectus Muscle ◽  
Pulse Therapy ◽  
Right Visual Field ◽  
Steroid Pulse ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Right

A 59-year-old woman had a 1-year history of right vision loss. Her visual acuity was then 0.01 OD, and the critical flicker frequency (CFF) was 8 Hz OD. Goldmann perimetry examination showed inferior suppression of the right visual field center. Funduscopic examination revealed normal coloring of the right optic disc. Imaging studies showed an apical oval tumor. The optic nerve was compressed by both the tumor and the superior rectus muscle/levator palpebrae superioris complex. The tumor was dissected from the surrounding tissues and completely extracted. Histopathologic examination confirmed a cavernous hemangioma. The patient underwent three cycles of postoperative steroid pulse therapy. One year after the surgery, her visual acuity and CFF improved to 1.0 and 32 Hz OD, respectively. Her right visual field was within the normal range.

Role of Interstimulus and Stimulus-Hemisphere Compatibility in the Process of Interhemispheric Integration

1988 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marc Berger ◽  
Etienne Perret ◽  
Annemarie Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Right Visual Field ◽  
Pictorial Representation ◽  
Compatibility Analysis ◽  
Compound Nouns ◽  
The Right

Normal subjects had to name German compound nouns which were presented tachistoscopically. The compound nouns were displayed either unilaterally to the left or right visual field, or bilaterally with one element to the left and one to the right visual field. A distinction was made between the bilateral conditions as to whether the representation of the elements, printed and/or pictorial, included a high or low interstimulus and a high or low stimulus-hemisphere compatibility. Analysis indicated firstly a superiority of the left hemisphere for the naming of compound nouns in mixed print and pictorial representation. Secondly, the performance in the bilateral conditions was moderated by stimulus-hemisphere compatibility. In the process of interhemispheric integration stimulus-hemisphere compatibility proved more crucial than interstimulus compatibility. Analyses of errors further illustrated hemispheric behaviour.

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