P3B and Positive Slow Wave following Real and Dummy Feedback on Arithmetic Rule-Learning and Perceptuomotor Tasks

1997 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-216
Author(s):  
Bruce E. McDonough ◽  
Charles A. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Slow Wave ◽  
Green Light ◽  
Rule Learning ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Feedback Information ◽  
Feedback Display ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Numeric Information

Event-related Potentials (ERPs) were recorded to feedback during a cognitively demanding, arithmetic rule-learning task and a relatively simple, skill-oriented, perceptuomotor task. For both tasks, a compound feedback display was employed. It consisted of numeric feedback information presented simultaneously with a red or green light (50% each) which indicated whether the numeric information was real (valid) or dummy (invalid). The task and feedback-validity manipulations showed a functional dissociation between the P3b (350–450 msec.) and a Positive Slow Wave (600–900 msec.). P3b was larger for real than for dummy feedback; Positive Slow Wave was larger for rule-learning than for perceptuomotor tasks.

Face and Word Recognition in Patients with Left and Right Hemispheric Lesions: Evidence from Reaction Times and ERPs

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan R. Schweinberger ◽  
Thomas Klos ◽  
Werner Sommer
Keyword(s):  
Slow Wave ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Memory Search ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Performance Deficits ◽  
Set Size ◽  
Left Brain ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Abstract Words ◽  
Left Brain Damage

Abstract: We recorded reaction times (RTs) and event-related potentials (ERPs) in patients with unilateral lesions during a memory search task. Participants memorized faces or abstract words, which were then recognized among new ones. The RT deficit found in patients with left brain damage (LBD) for words increased with memory set size, suggesting that their problem relates to memory search. In contrast, the RT deficit found in patients with RBD for faces was apparently related to perceptual encoding, a conclusion also supported by their reduced P100 ERP component. A late slow wave (720-1720 ms) was enhanced in patients, particularly to words in patients with LBD, and to faces in patients with RBD. Thus, the slow wave was largest in the conditions with most pronounced performance deficits, suggesting that it reflects deficit-related resource recruitment.

scholarly journals An Investigation of a Frontal Negative Slow Wave in a Virtual Hedonic Purchase Task

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yupeng Mei ◽  
Kunpeng Jing ◽  
Lele Chen ◽  
Rui Shi ◽  
Zhijie Song
Keyword(s):  
Slow Wave ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Sales Promotion ◽  
Price Promotion ◽  
Hedonic Consumption ◽  
Charitable Donation ◽  
Related Potentials

There is a connection between the frontal negative slow wave (FNSW) and the arousal inhibition in the hedonic purchase context. To calculate the FNSW (400–800 ms), event-related potentials (ERPs) method was applied to depict the neural substrates on prudent and impulsive consumers’ behaviors within various states of promotion. Promotion types include the pure price promotion and the mixed promotion (a mixture of a charitable donation and a discount). Behaviorally, consumers response more quickly in the pure price promotion condition and they express a preference for the mixed promotion. More importantly, a larger FNSW emerged in the impulsive consumers than the prudent, suggesting that the former might tend to control their eagerness to consume hedonic items. Compared with the price promotion as the worse option, the mixed promotion as the better option caused more perceptual conflict, leading to an increase in N2 amplitude. It suggests that consumers incline to reject the worse offers. These results also reveal that people primarily have to search negative promotion information by their insight and subsequently impulsive consumers inhibit the responses to the promotion information. The method of ERPs and FNSW should be helpful for marketing researchers and professionals on hedonic consumption and sales promotion.

Abnormalities in Event-Related Potentials, N100, P200, P300 and Slow Wave in Schizophrenia

1991 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chikara Ogura ◽  
Yasuhiro Nageishi ◽  
Minora Matsubayashi ◽  
Fumiaki Omura ◽  
Akira Kishimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Slow Wave ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Related Potentials

Null effects of levodopa on reward- and error-based motor adaptation, savings, and anterograde interference

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios J Palidis ◽  
Heather R. McGregor ◽  
Andrew Vo ◽  
Penny A. MacDonald ◽  
Paul L Gribble
Keyword(s):  
Force Field ◽  
Motor Adaptation ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
Hand Position ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Dopamine Signaling ◽  
Visual Error

Dopamine signaling is thought to mediate reward-based learning. We tested for a role of dopamine in motor adaptation by administering the dopamine precursor levodopa to healthy participants in two experiments involving reaching movements. Levodopa has been shown to impair reward-based learning in cognitive tasks. Thus, we hypothesized that levodopa would selectively impair aspects of motor adaptation that depend on reinforcement of rewarding actions.In the first experiment, participants performed two separate tasks in which adaptation was driven either by visual error-based feedback of the hand position or binary reward feedback. We used EEG to measure event-related potentials evoked by task feedback. We hypothesized that levodopa would specifically diminish adaptation and the neural responses to feedback in the reward learning task. However, levodopa did not affect motor adaptation in either task nor did it diminish event-related potentials elicited by reward outcomes. In the second experiment, participants learned to compensate for mechanical force field perturbations applied to the hand during reaching. Previous exposure to a particular force field can result in savings during subsequent adaptation to the same force field or interference during adaptation to an opposite force field. We hypothesized that levodopa would diminish savings and anterograde interference, as previous work suggests that these phenomena result from a reinforcement learning process. However, we found no reliable effects of levodopa.These results suggest that reward-based motor adaptation, savings, and interference may not depend on the same dopaminergic mechanisms that have been shown to be disrupted by levodopa during various cognitive tasks.

The Event-Related Potentials Responding to Outcome Valence and Expectancy Violation during Feedback Processing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Gu ◽  
Tianliang Liu ◽  
Xuemeng Zhang ◽  
Quanshan Long ◽  
Na Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Error ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Absolute Size ◽  
Feedback Processing ◽  
Expectancy Violation ◽  
Outcome Valence ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Feedback-related negativity (FRN) is believed to encode reward prediction error (RPE), a term describing whether the outcome is better or worse than expected. However, some studies suggest that it may reflect unsigned prediction error (UPE) instead. Some disagreement remains as to whether FRN is sensitive to the interaction of outcome valence and prediction error (PE) or merely responsive to the absolute size of PE. Moreover, few studies have compared FRN in appetitive and aversive domains to clarify the valence effect or examine PE’s quantitative modulation. To investigate the impact of valence and parametrical PE on FRN, we varied the prediction and feedback magnitudes within a probabilistic learning task in valence (gain and loss domains, Experiment 1) and non-valence contexts (pure digits, Experiment 2). Experiment 3 was identical to Experiment 1 except that some blocks emphasized outcome valence, while others highlighted predictive accuracy. Experiments 1 and 2 revealed a UPE encoder; Experiment 3 found an RPE encoder when valence was emphasized and a UPE encoder when predictive accuracy was highlighted. In this investigation, we demonstrate that FRN is sensitive to outcome valence and expectancy violation, exhibiting a preferential response depending on the dimension that is emphasized.

The Effect of Food Deprivation on ERP During Identification of Tachistoscopically Presented Food-Related Words

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Plihal ◽  
C. Haenschel ◽  
P. Hachl ◽  
J. Born ◽  
R. Pietrowsky
Keyword(s):  
Food Deprivation ◽  
Slow Wave ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Sexual Stimuli ◽  
Tachistoscopic Presentation ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
The One ◽  
Stimulus Identification ◽  
Sexual Words

Abstract The present study served to investigate the effects of food deprivation on the identification of subliminally presented food-related words by means of event-related potentials (ERPs). ERPs were recorded in 16 hungry and 16 satiated subjects during repeated tachistoscopic presentation of food-related words (food names) and food-unrelated words (neutral words, sexual words) as controls. ERPs were recorded during each presentation of a word prior to identification and during the first presentation after identification and exhibited N1, P2, and slow-wave components. The number of tachistoscopic presentations until identification was not affected by hunger and satiety. However, ERPs were differentially affected by hunger and satiety: the P2 to food-related words was larger in hungry subjects compared to satiated subjects in all presentations. Additionally, the P2 was also larger to sexual words in hungry subjects in all presentations except the one preceding the identification response. The slow wave was not affected by hunger but increased with progressing stimulus identification. Following the identification of the words, all ERP components markedly declined in amplitude. The results indicate that hunger affects the processing of food and sexual stimuli during identification at an early ERP component (P2) even if the stimuli are not fully identified. In contrast, the later slow wave is sensitive to progressing stimulus identification, irrespective of hunger and stimulus meaning.

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