Emotion Space as a Predictor of Binocular Rivalry

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tokihiro Ogawa ◽  
Naoto Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Multidimensional Scaling ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Binocular Rivalry ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion ◽  
Emotion Space

In our 1999 report, we examined robustness of a two-dimensional structure of facial expressions of emotion under the condition of some perceptual ambiguity, using a stereoscope. The current study aimed to replicate and extend the previous work by adding facial photographs of different persons and by measuring participants' perception of stereoscopically presented faces. Multidimensional scaling provided a two-dimensional configuration of facial expressions comparable with the previous studies. Although binocular rivalry was a less frequent phenomenon, it was suggested that the distances between facial expressions in the derived space were a contributing factor in eliciting binocular rivalry.

Perception of facial expressions of emotion during binocular rivalry.

Emotion ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Lira Yoon ◽  
Sang Wook Hong ◽  
Jutta Joormann ◽  
Para Kang
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Binocular Rivalry ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion

Investigating the Circumplex Structure of the Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ)

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Hinz ◽  
Elmar Brähler ◽  
Peter Schmidt ◽  
Cornelia Albani
Keyword(s):  
Multidimensional Scaling ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Factorial Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Statistical Techniques ◽  
German Population ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Varimax Rotation

Abstract. The Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ) comprises 10 basic values that guide behavior. The Schwartz model postulates that these 10 values build a circumplex structure. We examined the PVQ with respect to its dimensional structure using a representative sample (N = 1896) of the German population. The results of three widely used analyses were compared: multidimensional scaling, factorial analysis (with varimax rotation) of raw scores, and factorial analysis with ipsative values. Furthermore, rank correlations between the theoretically assumed circular distances and the empirical data were calculated. The analyses confirmed that the 10 dimensions of the PVQ can be depicted in a two-dimensional plane. However, the statistical techniques chosen yielded different arrangements of the 10 values in the plane. All statistical methods failed to confirm the circumplex structure postulated by Schwartz. Nevertheless, dimensions of higher order that condense the 10 dimensions can be derived for applications of the PVQ.

Preschool Children's Interpretation of Facial Expressions of Emotion

1984 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merry Bullock ◽  
James A. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions ◽  
Emotion Words ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion ◽  
Wide Awake

A structural model of emotions was used to reveal patterns in how children interpret the emotional facial expressions of others. Three-, four-, five-year-olds, and adults (n = 38 in each group) were asked to match 15 emotion-descriptive words (happy, excited, surprised, afraid, scared, angry, mad, disgusted, miserable, sad, sleepy, calm, relaxed, wide awake, and, as a check on response bias, insipid) with still photographs of actors showing different facial expressions. Whereas prior research had indicated that preschool-aged children are "inaccurate" in associating labels with faces, our results indicated that that research may have severely underestimated children's knowledge of emotions. In this study children used terms systematically to refer to a specifiable range of expressions, centered around a focal point. Multidimensional scaling of the word/facial expression associations yielded a two-dimensional structure able to account for the interrelationships among emotions, and this structure was the same for all age groups. The nature of this structure, the blurry boundaries between emotion words, and developmental shifts in the referents of emotion words suggested the primacy of two dimensions, pleasure-displeasure and arousal-sleep, in children's interpretation of emotion.

The Classification of Facial Expressions of Emotion: A Multidimensional-Scaling Approach

Perception ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 613-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Katsikitis
Keyword(s):  
Multidimensional Scaling ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Line Drawing ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Lower Face ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Scaling Procedure ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion ◽  
Upper Face

Photographs (study 1) or line-drawing representations (study 2) of posed facial expressions and a list of emotion words (happiness, surprise, fear, disgust, anger, sadness, neutral) were presented to two groups of observers who were asked to match the photographs or line drawings, respectively, with the emotion categories provided. A multidimensional-scaling procedure was applied to the judgment data. Two dimensions were revealed; pleasantness – unpleasantness and upper-face – lower-face dominance. Furthermore, the similarity shown by the two-dimensional structures derived first from the judgments of photographs and second from the line drawings suggests that line drawings are a viable alternative to photographs in facial-expression research.

scholarly journals Blocking facial mimicry during binocular rivalry modulates visual awareness of others’ facial expressions of emotion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Quettier ◽  
Filippo Gambarota ◽  
Naotsugu Tsuchiya ◽  
Paola Sessa
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Binocular Rivalry ◽  
Visual Awareness ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Conscious Perception ◽  
Expression Recognition ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions ◽  
Facial Mimicry ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion ◽  
Happy Expression

Several previous studies have interfered with the observer’s facial mimicry during a variety of facial expression recognition tasks providing evidence in favor of the role of facial mimicry and sensorimotor activity in emotion processing. In this theoretical context, a particularly intriguing facet has been neglected, namely whether blocking facial mimicry modulates conscious perception of facial expressions of emotions. To address this issue, we used a binocular rivalry paradigm, in which two dissimilar stimuli presented to the two eyes alternatingly dominate conscious perception. On each trial, female participants (N = 32) were exposed to a rivalrous pair of a neutral and a happy expression of the same individual through anaglyph glasses in two conditions: in one, they could freely use their facial mimicry, in the other they had to keep a chopstick between their lips, constraining the mobility of the zygomatic muscle and producing ‘noise’ for sensorimotor simulation. We found that blocking facial mimicry affected the mean duration of perceptual dominance favoring neutral faces, but it did not change the time before the first dominance was established. Taken together, our results open a door to future investigation of the intersection between sensorimotor simulation models and conscious perception of emotional facial expressions.

Three-Dimensional Structure of Cloned T3 Connector Protein at 1.6nm Resolution

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 282-283
Author(s):  
José L. Carrascosa ◽  
José M. Valpuesta ◽  
Hisao Fujisawa
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Expression Vector ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
Dna Packaging ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Three Dimensional Structure ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction

The head to tail connector of bacteriophages plays a fundamental role in the assembly of viral heads and DNA packaging. In spite of the absence of sequence homology, the structure of connectors from different viruses (T4, Ø29, T3, P22, etc) share common morphological features, that are most clearly revealed in their three-dimensional structure. We have studied the three-dimensional reconstruction of the connector protein from phage T3 (gp 8) from tilted view of two dimensional crystals obtained from this protein after cloning and purification.DNA sequences including gene 8 from phage T3 were cloned, into Bam Hl-Eco Rl sites down stream of lambda promotor PL, in the expression vector pNT45 under the control of cI857. E R204 (pNT89) cells were incubated at 42°C for 2h, harvested and resuspended in 20 mM Tris HC1 (pH 7.4), 7mM 2 mercaptoethanol, ImM EDTA. The cells were lysed by freezing and thawing in the presence of lysozyme (lmg/ml) and ligthly sonicated. The low speed supernatant was precipitated by ammonium sulfate (60% saturated) and dissolved in the original buffer to be subjected to gel nitration through Sepharose 6B, followed by phosphocellulose colum (Pll) and DEAE cellulose colum (DE52). Purified gp8 appeared at 0.3M NaCl and formed crystals when its concentration increased above 1.5 mg/ml.

Perception of Emotional Expressions in Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chit Yuen Yi ◽  
Matthew W. E. Murry ◽  
Amy L. Gentzler
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Emotion Perception ◽  
State Level ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Negative Emotionality ◽  
Basic Emotions ◽  
Perceived Intensity ◽  
Trait Level ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion

Abstract. Past research suggests that transient mood influences the perception of facial expressions of emotion, but relatively little is known about how trait-level emotionality (i.e., temperament) may influence emotion perception or interact with mood in this process. Consequently, we extended earlier work by examining how temperamental dimensions of negative emotionality and extraversion were associated with the perception accuracy and perceived intensity of three basic emotions and how the trait-level temperamental effect interacted with state-level self-reported mood in a sample of 88 adults (27 men, 18–51 years of age). The results indicated that higher levels of negative mood were associated with higher perception accuracy of angry and sad facial expressions, and higher levels of perceived intensity of anger. For perceived intensity of sadness, negative mood was associated with lower levels of perceived intensity, whereas negative emotionality was associated with higher levels of perceived intensity of sadness. Overall, our findings added to the limited literature on adult temperament and emotion perception.

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