Comparison of Wisc Profiles of Alleged Juvenile Delinquents Living at Home versus Those Incarcerated

1975 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth S. Solway ◽  
J. Ray Hays ◽  
Thomm K. Roberts ◽  
Jo Ann Cody
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Juvenile Detention ◽  
Home Group ◽  
Picture Completion ◽  
Performance Discrepancy ◽  
Verbal Performance ◽  
At Home

Comparison was made between the WISC subtests and IQs of 91 juveniles living on a juvenile detention ward and 91 juveniles living at home. All subjects were alleged juvenile delinquents and were awaiting adjudication. No differences were found on either IQs or subtest standard scores between ward and home group. There were, however, significant differences among the subtests. A Newman-Keuls test indicated a grouping of the subtests which was different from that described by Wechsler (1958). The highest ranked subtests were Similarities, Picture Completion, and Object Assembly; the lowest ranked were Information, Vocabulary, and Arithmetic. The data indicate that the verbal-performance discrepancy is not useful to describe alleged juvenile delinquents.

Reliability of an Experimental Version in Spanish of the WISC—R with Puerto Rican Children 9–5 to 13–1 Years of Age

1986 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-275
Author(s):  
Joseph O. Prewitt-Diaz ◽  
Maria D. Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Vocabulary Test ◽  
Spanish Translation ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Picture Completion ◽  
Verbal Performance

The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of the experimental version of the Spanish translation of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children—Revised (WISC—R; EIWN-R) with a group of children in elementary school in Puerto Rico. The test was administered to a group of 51 subjects in grades 4 and 5. A summary of the items showed that in all the subtests the items were generally ordered from less to most difficult. Correlations between all subtests and the Verbal, Performance, and Full Scale scaled scores ranged between .20 for Arithmetic and Picture Completion to .94 between the Verbal and Full Scales. Alpha coefficients of reliability ranged from .53 for Arithmetic to .80 for Vocabulary. Test-retest correlations for Coding and Digit Span were .70 and .78, respectively.

scholarly journals Use of the Single-Item Self-Esteem Scale in a Juvenile Delinquent Population: A Convergent Validity Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
David C. Coker
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Juvenile Detention ◽  
Detention Center ◽  
Single Item

The validity of the Single-Item Self-Esteem Scale (SISE) in adolescents was not well established, and how self-esteem manifested in newly incarcerated juvenile delinquents was poorly described. Using a retrospective study with archival records, the SISE was compared to other measures of self-esteem, grit, mental health, and academic self-concept in a small juvenile detention center in the Midwest of the United States. Demographic data were analyzed, and a correlation, intraclass correlation, and kappa statistic were run to test relationships and reliability. The SISE was found to be a reliable and efficient tool to use with adolescents and juvenile delinquents. Policy recommendations applicable to juvenile delinquents and schools in general give direction using the findings.

scholarly journals Analysis of follow-up observation efficiency criteria

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
Ya. P. Sandakov
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Calls ◽  
Home Group ◽  
Ambulatory Patients ◽  
Duration Of Disease ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
At Home

Aim. To carry out the comparative analysis of follow-up observation efficiency criteria among patients under medical check-up and persons, who had been followed up from the number of those, dead at home. Material and methods. The age, duration of disease, duration of follow-up observation, real visits to a doctor, rate of exacerbations, emergency calls, hospitalizations were compared in two groups of patients under medical check-up. Group 1 – “dead” – included 100 persons from the number of those, dead at home; group 2 – “alive” – 400 patients, who at the moment of being studied were under follow-up observation. Medical records of ambulatory patients were used as the source of information. The obtained data were analyzed with the method of descriptive and inductive statistics. Results. In the studied groups, the difference in patients’ mean age was significant t = 3,7 p = 0,0001, the share of persons of the same gender was similar p < 0,01, the difference in men’s mean age was not significant t = –0,21 p = 0,83. The average number of planned (t = 14,2 p = 0,0001) and real (t = 7,4 p = 0,0001) visits to a doctor, exacerbations (t = 9,6 p = 0,0001), emergency calls (t = 7,6 p = 0,0001), hospitalizations (t = 5,2 p = 0,0001), urgent hospitalizations (t = 6,6 p = 0,0001) was significantly higher in the group of “dead”. Conclusions. The able-bodied men form the risk group regarding unfavorable outcome of noninfectious chronic diseases; follow-up observation does not promote development of loyalty to treatment.

scholarly journals Feasibility of home and hospital colorectal irrigation with continuous tube placement for Hirschsprung’s disease in neonates and infants: a comparative retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Sakurai ◽  
Megumi Nakamura ◽  
Naobumi Endo
Keyword(s):  
Hirschsprung's Disease ◽  
Hirschsprung’S Disease ◽  
Radical Surgery ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Tube Placement ◽  
Preoperative Management ◽  
Home Group ◽  
Transanal Tube ◽  
Duration Of Hospitalization ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background Since the length of the affected colon widely varies, the preoperative management of Hirschsprung’s disease varies from one hospital to another. For our cases in which the length of the aganglionic colon cannot be managed by enema, anal bougienage, or rectal irrigation, colorectal irrigation is used along with the placement of a transanal catheter for these patients as home or hospital management, until one-stage definitive surgery can be performed. No comparative studies have been conducted on the continuous tube placement method, and no study has utilized this method as home management. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the efficacy and feasibility of our proposed continuous tube placement management for patients with Hirschsprung’s disease in the hospital or even at home. Results We included 22 infants with Hirschsprung’s disease between 2008 and 2018. The patients were divided into two groups: those who were managed with enema, bougienage, and rectal irrigation (n = 6), and those who were managed with the placement of a continuous transanal tube and colorectal irrigation (n = 16). The group with continuous transanal tube placement was further divided into two groups: those who were preoperatively managed with a continuous anorectal tube at home (n = 7), and those at a hospital (n = 9). Preoperative demographic information and clinical details were retrospectively examined and compared between the two groups. Univariate analysis showed no significant differences in the backgrounds and clinical status between the enema, bougienage, and rectal irrigation group and the colorectal irrigation group. The patients in the home group were older and weighed more at the time of radical surgery than those in the hospital group (p = 0.0267, p = 0.0377, respectively). The total duration of hospitalization until radical surgery was significantly decreased in the home group (p = 0.0315). Conclusions The total duration of hospitalization was significantly reduced in patients undergoing home colorectal irrigation which was as effective as the conventional method, with no impact on the preoperative condition or postoperative outcomes. Hence, our home-based preoperative management for patients with Hirschsprung’s disease may be effective and potentially feasible for the management of patients with Hirschsprung’s disease.

The Development and Evaluation of an Educational Placement Screener for Youths in Pretrial Detention

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley Hart ◽  
Adam Naples ◽  
John Chapman ◽  
Hilary Chart ◽  
Amy D’Amaddio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Juvenile Detention ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Educational Placement ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pretrial Detention ◽  
Educational Rights ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Detention Facilities

This report provides an overview of the development and preliminary evaluation of an educational placement screener for use in short-term juvenile detention facilities. The screener is designed to gauge levels of competence in reading (at the word and text level) and mathematics for juveniles in grades 3–12, and to serve as a rapid assessment device for subsequent educational placement within 48 h of admission. The psychometric properties of the screener were evaluated in a sample of 1,078 youths in detention and 157 youths in the community. The importance of the availability of easy-to-administer assessment devices that can accurately capture the level of academic functioning of youths in detention is discussed within the larger context of meeting the educational rights and needs of juvenile delinquents.

Safety and efficacy of a home nasogastric monitoring program for premature infants

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
B.D. Vergales ◽  
P.D. Murray ◽  
S.E. Miller ◽  
J.E. Vergales
Keyword(s):  
Premature Infants ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Home Monitoring ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Telephone Contact ◽  
Home Group ◽  
Oral Skills ◽  
Control Study ◽  
At Home

BACKGROUND: A novel home monitoring program, in which premature infants are cared for at home with a nasogastric tube in place prior to achievement of full oral feeding, was evaluated. The program combines a digital, fully EMR-integrated, virtual daily rounding platform with direct provider video and telephone contact. METHODS: A case-control study was performed evaluating infants <  34 weeks’ gestation who were followed in our program. A historical control group, was created by matching 2 : 1 based on gestational age±6 days, retroactively. RESULT: 15 patients discharged in the program were compared with 30 controls. The home cohort gained an average of 30 g/day compared with the in-hospital group at 27g/day (p = 0.325). The home group required a mean of 5.9±2.9 days to full oral feeding once discharged, not different from the control group at 5.4±3.7 days (p = 0.606). The percentage of oral feeds for the home cohort, however, increased at a rate of 12.2%before discharge compared to rising 57%at home (p <  0.001). The control group spent an additional 8.1±3.9 days in the hospital after reaching criteria. There were no reported adverse events or readmissions. CONCLUSION: Premature infants can safely advance oral feeds using a home monitoring program. While at home, infants gained weight similarly to their inpatient controls inpatient, yet gained full oral skills at a significantly faster rate compared to when they were in the hospital.

Case-Control Comparison of At-Home to Total Hospital Care for Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation for Hematologic Malignancies

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (30) ◽  
pp. 4855-4861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesc Fernández-Avilés ◽  
Enric Carreras ◽  
Alvaro Urbano-Ispizua ◽  
Montserrat Rovira ◽  
Carmen Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Febrile Neutropenia ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Hospital Readmission ◽  
Hematologic Malignancy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Home Group ◽  
At Home

Purpose One of the most significant limitations of at-home autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) is the necessity for hospital readmission. We developed an at-home ASCT program in which prophylactic ceftriaxone and treatment of febrile neutropenia with piperacillin and tazobactam was introduced to minimize the readmission rate. Patients and Methods Between November 2000 and February 2005, 178 consecutive patients underwent ASCT for a hematologic malignancy. Of these, 50 patients fulfilled the requirements for at-home ASCT. Results were compared with those observed in a control group of 50 patients individually matched to the group of patients treated at home for age, sex, diagnosis, stage of disease, conditioning, and source of stem cells. Results Febrile neutropenia occurred in fewer patients in the at-home group as compared with the hospitalized group (76% v 96%: P = .008), and duration of fever was also shorter in the at-home group (median, 2 and 6 days, respectively; range, 1 to 11 and 1 to 20 days, respectively; P = .00003). Hospital readmission in the at-home group was required in only four cases (8%). This resulted in a reduction of 18.6 days of hospitalization per patient. Likewise, total median charges were approximately half in the at-home group as compared with the in-hospital group (3,345 € v 6,250 €, respectively; P < .00001). Conclusion Results of at-home ASCT with prophylactic administration of ceftriaxone and domiciliary treatment of febrile neutropenia with piperacillin and tazobactam are highly satisfactory and significantly cheaper compared with those obtained with conventional in-hospital ASCT.

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