Convergent and Discriminant Validity of Selected Need Scales from the Adjective Check List and Personality Research Form

1981 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary A. Bessmer ◽  
Nerella V. Ramanaiah
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Partial Support ◽  
Check List ◽  
Adjective Check List ◽  
Personality Research ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Matrix Design

Using the multitrait-multimethod matrix design, convergent and discriminant validity was investigated for the scales measuring the nine manifest needs which are commonly assessed by the Adjective Check List and Personality Research Form: achievement, aggression, autonomy, dominance, endurance, exhibition, nurturance, and order. The multitrait-multimethod matrix of intercorrelations among the various need scales from the two inventories was evaluated by Campbell and Fiske's (1959) criteria, separately for 85 men and 103 women. Results provided empirical evidence supporting the convergent and discriminant validity for the scales of aggression, autonomy, dominance, and exhibition for both sex groups. In addition, convergent and discriminant validity was also found for the order scales for the men and for the nurturance scales for the women. These results provided only partial support for Fiske's (1973) conclusion that there was no empirical support for the inter-changeability of the various need scales.

Psychometric Properties of the Grade 4 Reading Level Multiple Affect Adjective Check List-Revised with Offenders

1998 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 551-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rod Van Whitlock ◽  
Bernard Lubin
Keyword(s):  
Family Environment ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Reading Level ◽  
Check List ◽  
Adjective Check List ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Affect Adjective

The reliability and validity of the Grade 4 reading level Multiple Affect Adjective Check List was assessed with offenders in four settings within the criminal justice system. With the exception of the Sensation Seeking Scale, the MAACL-R4 scales showed good internal consistency and test-retest reliability and adequate convergent and discriminant validity, but not for the Depression scale for 53 female arrestees and the Hostility scale with 51 male arrestees. Correlations with self-ratings of health and stress and with the Family Environment scales were in expected directions. It is concluded that the MAACL-R4 has the basic qualities necessary for use in research with offenders.

Discriminant validity of the Multiple Affect Adjective Check List - revised

1986 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marvin Zuckerman ◽  
Bernard Lubin ◽  
Christine M. Rinck ◽  
Stanley M. Soliday ◽  
William L. Albott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Check List ◽  
Adjective Check List ◽  
Affect Adjective

Measuring the Poles of Negative and Positive Mood Using the Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule and Activation Deactivation Adjective Check List

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard C. Nemanick ◽  
David C. Munz
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Check List ◽  
Adjective Check List

The Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) has become one of the most widely used measures of mood. It was developed from research using responses to adjective checklists as empirical evidence for the two independent, bipolar factor model of mood. However, when scores on the PANAS were factor analyzed with those from another mood checklist, Thayer's Activation Deactivation Adjective Check List, the PANAS represented only half of the model proposed by Watson and Tellegen (1985) by not containing adjectives representing the lower poles of positive and negative affect.

scholarly journals Broad Motives in Short Scales

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix D. Schönbrodt ◽  
Sven R. Unkelbach ◽  
Frank M. Spinath
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Scale Level ◽  
Motivational Systems ◽  
Personality Research ◽  
Systems Security ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity

We introduce a new questionnaire that measures interindividual differences in five motivational systems (security, arousal, power, prestige, and achievement) with six items per scale. As a theoretical base for our work we referred to the Zurich model of social motivation, which describes and models these motivational systems in a system-theoretic way. The questionnaire is formulated in German and called Motive Profile Following the Zurich Model (MPZM). Data indicate that the questionnaire shows good psychometric properties with Cronbach’s α > 0.73 and an excellent factorial structure (n = 1,243). To assess convergent and discriminant validity, the MPZM was compared with the Personality Research Form (PRF-D), the Multimotive Grid (MMG) and the NEO-FFI in a multitrait-multimethod analysis and a scale-level factor analysis (n = 190). The MPZM showed convergent validity to content-matched scales of the PRF (r = 0.55), no differentiated relationship to the MMG, and few correlations to the NEO-FFI. First indications of external validity were studied through biographical data. MPZM was able to predict them with adjusted multiple Rs of up to r = 0.40 and outperformed both the NEO-FFI and MMG in predictive power and incremental validity.

scholarly journals Broad motives in short scales - A questionnaire for the Zurich Model of Social Motivation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix D. Schönbrodt ◽  
Sven Unkelbach ◽  
Frank M. Spinath
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Social Motivation ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Scale Level ◽  
Motivational Systems ◽  
Personality Research ◽  
Systems Security ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity

We introduce a new questionnaire which measures interindividual differences in five motivational systems (Security, Arousal, Power, Prestige and Achievement) with six items per scale. As a theoretical base of our work we referred to the Zurich Model of Social Motivation, which describes and models these motivational systems in a system theoretic way. The questionnaire is formulated in German and called "Motive Profile following the Zurich Model (MPZM)". Data indicate that the questionnaire Shows good psychometric properties with Cronbach‘s α > 0.73 and an excellent factorial structure (n=1243). To assess convergent and discriminant validity, the MPZM was compared with the Personality Research Form (PRF-D), the Multi-Motive-Grid (MMG) and the NEO-FFI in a multitrait multimethodanalysis and a scale level factor Analysis (n=190). The MPZM showed convergent validity to content matched scales of the PRF (r=0.55), no differentiated relationship to the MMG and few correlations to the NEO FFI. First indications of external validity were studied through biographical data. MPZM was able to predict them with adjusted multiple Rs of up to r=0.40 and outperformed both NEO-FFI and MMG in predictive power and incremental validity.

Methodological Concerns for Homogeneity and Purification: Separation of Rejection

1982 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 551-557
Author(s):  
Sonja A. Ruznisky ◽  
Patrick C. Thauberger ◽  
John F. Cleland
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Item Pool ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Personality Tests ◽  
Psychometric Scales ◽  
Personality Research ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Inverse Effect ◽  
Content Scales ◽  
Sequential Strategy

The publication of the Jackson Personality Research Form popularized a sequential strategy of constructing psychometric scales which bolstered the hopes (at least temporarily) of constructors of personality tests. Just at the point where even the stalwart seriously considered following their colleagues in abandoning measurements of personality, the Jackson demonstration breathed new life to the belief that content scales could be developed with respectable psychometric properties of homogeneity, bipolarity, convergent, and discriminant validity. Also these could be relatively free of the stylistic response variances of acquiescence and social desirability that consistently plagued most psychometric scales of personality. While scales with purity of content are perhaps laudable their construction is not without cost, one that narrows the meaning of the general content area. This paper briefly describes a demonstration of the inverse effect of content purification on homogeneity, using procedures to separate three varieties of rejection (of self, by others, and of others) from each other. Results using an item pool of approximately 450 items on rejection and a sample of 402 individuals suggest that homogeneity and content separation are bound inversely to each other. Implications for methodology of measurement are discussed.

What Does the Implicit Association Test Measure? A Test of the Convergent and Discriminant Validity of Prejudice-Related IATs

2002 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertram Gawronski
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Recent Criticism ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
East Asians ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Explicit Prejudice ◽  
Turkish People

Abstract. Drawing on recent criticism of the Implicit Association Test (IAT), the present study tested the convergent and discriminant validity of two prejudice-related IATs to corresponding explicit prejudice measures in a German student sample (N = 61). Confirming convergent validity, (a) an IAT designed to assess negative associations related to Turkish people was significantly related to the explicit endorsement of prejudiced beliefs about Turkish people, and (b) an IAT designed to assess negative associations related to East Asians was significantly related to explicit prejudice against East Asians. Moreover, confirming discriminant validity, (c) the Asian IAT was unrelated to the explicit endorsement of prejudiced beliefs about Turkish people, and (d) the Turkish IAT was unrelated to explicit prejudice against Asian people. These results further corroborate the assumption that the IAT is a valid method to assess the strength of evaluative associations in the domain of prejudice and stereotypes.

An Initial Investigation of the Use of Comparative Referents to Assess Social Anxiety

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 367-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura D. Seligman ◽  
Erin F. Swedish ◽  
Jason P. Rose ◽  
Jessica M. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Injunctive Norms ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Excellent Internal Consistency ◽  
Social Quality Of Life ◽  
Comparison Measures

Abstract. The current study examined the validity of two self-report measures of social anxiety constructed using social comparative referent points. It was hypothesized that these comparison measures would be both reliable and valid. Results indicated that two different comparative versions – one invoking injunctive norms and another invoking descriptive norms – showed good reliability, excellent internal consistency, and acceptable convergent and discriminant validity. The comparative measures also predicted positive functioning, some aspects of social quality of life, and social anxiety as measured by an independent self-report. These findings suggest that adding a comparative reference point to instructions on social anxiety measures may aid in the assessment of social anxiety.

The Sorting Paired Features Task

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 329-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoav Bar-Anan ◽  
Brian A. Nosek ◽  
Michelangelo Vianello
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Association Measures ◽  
Response Options ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Attitude Measures ◽  
Stimulus Features ◽  
Single Response

The sorting paired features (SPF) task measures four associations in a single response block. Using four response options (e.g., good-Republicans, bad-Republicans, good-Democrats, and bad-Democrats), each trial requires participants to categorize two stimuli at once to a category pair (e.g., wonderful-Clinton to good-Democrats). Unlike other association measures, the SPF requires simultaneous categorization of both components of the association in the same trial. Providing measurement flexibility, it is sensitive to both focal, attended concepts and nonfocal, unattended stimulus features (e.g., gender of individuals in a politics SPF). Three studies measure race, gender, and political evaluations, differentiate automatic evaluations between known groups, provide evidence of convergent and discriminant validity with other attitude measures, and illustrate the SPF’s unique measurement qualities.

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