Perceptions of Control of Students with and without Cognitive Disabilities

1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Wehmeyer ◽  
Susan B. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Cognitive Disabilities ◽  
Adult Outcomes ◽  
Psychological Literature

Research in the educational and psychological literature has linked adaptive perceptions of control to positive adult outcomes like better employment, higher quality of life, and increased independence. In recent years these findings have been extended to people with mental retardation. Research with this population has suggested that they tend to be more externally oriented than peers without disabilities or peers with other types of disabilities. This research, however, has not provided direct comparisons between people with mental retardation and other populations. The present study compared the perceptions of control of 431 students (227 boys, 204 girls) ages 10–20 years ( M=14.3) with mental retardation ( n = 94), learning disabilities ( n = 159), or no disabilities ( n = 178). Analysis confirmed that students with mental retardation scored significantly more externally on measures of locus of control and artributions of academic success and failure than their peers with learning disabilities or without disabilities. The discussion focuses on implications for these students.

scholarly journals Before and after the Quarantine: An Approximate Study on the Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on the Italian Population during the Lockdown Period

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
Lorena Marotta ◽  
Andrea Pesce ◽  
Andrea Guazzini
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Risk Propensity

COVID-19 (Corona-Virus Disease 2019) in Italy and the measures that were adopted to contain its diffusion had a strong impact on people’s quality of life and mental health. The objective of the study was to quantify the psychological impact of the lockdown period on the general Italian population during the two weeks when the COVID-19 emergency in Italy was at its peak. The study (1556 adults) was conducted from April 6th to April 12th, 2020. A survey was developed through Google Forms in order to assess different psychological measures (Self Efficacy, Locus of Control, Social Connectedness, Sense of Virtual Community, Flourishing, Positive and Negative Affect, Life Satisfaction, and Risk Propensity). The results were then compared to reference data. Thelockdown period increased arousal mainly for negative emotions, but also for positive emotions, and quality of life seemed to be reduced. From a psychosocial point of view, while social connectedness has decreased during lockdown, probably because of isolation and social distancing, the virtual social community seemed to increase in the same period. Interestingly, we revealed how self efficacy increased during the lockdown period, and, at the same time, the Locus of control appeared as externalized, and the risk propensity as reduced. The results are discussed considering previous literature, and a coherent theoretical framework is proposed in order to refine the forecasting model for the psychological impact of the lockdown.

Long-term effectiveness of telephone-based health coaching for heart failure patients: A post-only randomised controlled trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 716-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Tiede ◽  
Sarah Dwinger ◽  
Lutz Herbarth ◽  
Martin Härter ◽  
Jörg Dirmaier
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Health Coaching ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Heart Failure Patients ◽  
Health Related

Introduction The * Equal contributors. health-status of heart failure patients can be improved to some extent by disease self-management. One method of developing such skills is telephone-based health coaching. However, the effects of telephone-based health coaching remain inconclusive. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of telephone-based health coaching for people with heart failure. Methods A total sample of 7186 patients with various chronic diseases was randomly assigned to either the coaching or the control group. Then 184 patients with heart failure were selected by International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for subgroup analysis. Data were collected at 24 and 48 months after the beginning of the coaching. The primary outcome was change in quality of life. Secondary outcomes were changes in depression and anxiety, health-related control beliefs, control preference, health risk behaviour and health-related behaviours. Statistical analyses included a per-protocol evaluation, employing analysis of variance and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) as well as Mann-Whitney U tests. Results Participants’ average age was 73 years (standard deviation (SD) = 9) and the majority were women (52.8%). In ANCOVA analyses there were no significant differences between groups for the change in quality of life (QoL). However, the coaching group reported a significantly higher level of physical activity ( p = 0.03), lower intake of non-prescribed drugs ( p = 0.04) and lower levels of stress ( p = 0.02) than the control group. Mann-Whitney U tests showed a different external locus of control ( p = 0.014), and higher reduction in unhealthy nutrition ( p = 0.019), physical inactivity ( p = 0.004) and stress ( p = 0.028). Discussion Our results suggest that telephone-based health coaching has no effect on QoL, anxiety and depression of heart failure patients, but helps in improving certain risk behaviours and changes the locus of control to be more externalised.

Health-related quality of life and health locus of control beliefs among HIV-infected treated patients

2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 407-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Préau ◽  
Emmanuelle Vincent ◽  
Bruno Spire ◽  
Véronique Reliquet ◽  
Isabelle Fournier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Health Locus Of Control ◽  
Control Beliefs ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Commentary on “The experiences of older carers of people with learning disabilities: ‘I just carry on with it’”

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Jan Sunman
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Voice

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a commentary on the article by Rachel Forrester-Jones on the experiences of older carers of people with learning disabilities. Design/methodology/approach The commentary reflects on the themes identified in the original article, comparing its findings to the lived experiences of those taking part in older carers’ projects in Oxfordshire, England. Findings Similar broad themes were identified in both samples. Given these findings, the extent to which matters have changed, since the Valuing People work on older carers is considered. Originality/value The paper discusses policy and practice implications to improve the quality of life of older carers and their families and explores how the voice of older carers can be strengthened to enable them to shape practice and policy.

Effect of learning disabilities on academic self-concept in children with epilepsy and on their quality of life

2015 ◽  
Vol 45-46 ◽  
pp. 120-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Brabcová ◽  
Jana Zárubová ◽  
Jiří Kohout ◽  
Jiří Jošt ◽  
Pavel Kršek
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Self Concept

scholarly journals Self-Determination and Positive Adult Outcomes: A Follow-up Study of Youth with Mental Retardation or Learning Disabilities

1997 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Wehmeyer ◽  
Michelle Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Educational Outcome ◽  
Adult Outcomes ◽  
Youth With Disabilities ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
High School Exit

There is increased emphasis on self-determination as an important outcome for youth with disabilities if they are to achieve positive adult outcomes after they leave school. However, the causal link between self-determination and positive adult outcomes has remained untested. The Arc conducted a follow-up study of students with mental retardation or learning disabilities for whom data regarding self-determination had been collected prior to their high school exit. Data regarding adult outcomes for these students nearly 1 year after graduation were collected. The resulting analysis determined that self-determined students were more likely to have achieved more positive adult outcomes, including being employed at a higher rate and earning more per hr than peers who were not self-determined. A framework for promoting self-determination as an educational outcome is presented.

Epilepsy and Learning Disabilities Quality of Life Scale

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Buck ◽  
Monica Smith ◽  
Richard Appleton ◽  
Gus A. Baker ◽  
Ann Jacoby
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Quality Of Life Scale ◽  
Life Scale

Effects of epilepsy education on the academic achievement and quality of life of children with epilepsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 231-238
Author(s):  
Hatice Yildirim Sari ◽  
Özge Uzun ◽  
Nihal Olgaç Dündar
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Special Education ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quality Of Life Scale ◽  
Life Scale ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Epilepsy Education

Background: Epilepsy can have a huge impact on children's quality of life and participation and attainment at school, particularly if the condition is poorly managed. Aims: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of education about disease and drug management given to children, their family and teachers on the academic success and quality of life of the child. Design: The study was a single group, pre-test, post-test, semi-experimental research study. Methods: The study was carried out in the paediatric neurology outpatient clinic of the Tepecik Education and Research Hospital in Turkey. The study sample comprised 65 people (25 patients, 25 parents and 15 teachers) who completed the pre-test and post-test assessments. The Sociodemographic Characteristics Questionnaire, the Quality of Life Scale in Children with Epilepsy and an academic achievement form were completed before the epilepsy education was given. Parents and children had training at the hospital. The teachers had telephone training. Some 3 months after the training, the scores for the Quality of Life Scale in Children with Epilepsy and the academic achievement form were reassessed. Findings: The comparison of the pre- and post-training Quality of Life scale scores of the children (p=0.000) and academic achievement scores of the children (p=0.017; n=15) demonstrated a significant increase. There was a significant difference between the quality of life scores of the participating children who received special education and those of the children who did not receive special education (p=0.007 and p=0.004, respectively). Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that providing training on epilepsy, not only for children but also for their families and teachers, would be beneficial.

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