scholarly journals Long-term Intratracheal Intubation in Infants with Upper Airway Stenosis.

1997 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumiyo Kudoh ◽  
Yumiko Iida ◽  
Akiko Sanai
Keyword(s):  
Upper Airway ◽  
Intratracheal Intubation ◽  
Airway Stenosis

Does Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding Have a Long-Term Effect on Nasal and Upper Airway Dimensions?

2020 ◽  
pp. 105566562098023
Author(s):  
Ashwina S. Banari ◽  
Sanjeev Datana ◽  
Shiv Shankar Agarwal ◽  
Sujit Kumar Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Upper Airway ◽  
P Value ◽  
Airway Patency ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Acoustic Pharyngometry ◽  
Nasoalveolar Molding ◽  
Area And Volume ◽  
Group 1

Objectives: To compare nasal and upper airway dimensions in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) who underwent nasoalveolar molding (NAM) with those without NAM during infancy using acoustic pharyngometry and rhinometry. Materials and Methods: Eccovision acoustic pharyngometry and rhinometry (Sleep Group Solutions) was used for assessment of mean area and volume of nasal and upper airway in patients with complete unilateral CLP (age range 16-21 years) treated with NAM (group 1, n = 19) versus without NAM (group 2, n = 22). Results: The mean nasal cross-sectional areas and volume were higher in group 1 compared to group 2 on both cleft ( P value <.001) and noncleft side ( P value >.05). The mean area and volume of upper airway were also significantly higher in group 1 compared to group 2 ( P value <.05). Conclusions: Nasoalveolar molding being one of the first interventions in chronology of treatment of patients with CLP, its long-term outcome on nasal and upper airway patency needs to be ascertained. The results of the present study show that the patients with CLP who have undergone NAM during infancy have better improvement in nasal and upper airway patency compared with those who had not undergone NAM procedure. The basic advantages of being noninvasive, nonionizing and providing dynamic assessment of nasal and upper airway patency make acoustic pharyngometry and rhinometry a diagnostic tool of choice to be used in patients with CLP.

Long-term Outcome of Short Metallic Stents for Lobar Airway Stenosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oren Fruchter ◽  
Bayya Abed El Raouf ◽  
Dror Rosengarten ◽  
Mordechai R. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Metallic Stents ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Airway Stenosis

scholarly journals Paediatric paediatric tracheostomy: Changing indications and key complications

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 175-180
Author(s):  
Guilherme Movio ◽  
Ms Shadaba Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Ventilatory Support ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Airway Obstructions ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Indications And Complications

Background: Paediatric Tracheostomy is a procedure used to ventilate children through a hole in the trachea. Indications for the procedure were once primarily for acute upper airway obstruction due to infections but have now changed. Generally, there is poor knowledge surrounding tracheostomies and a limited knowledge of guidelines amongst health-care professionals. Aim: The aim of this review is to discuss the basis of changes to the indications of paediatric tracheostomy. It  will also investigate the key complications related to the procedure and discuss the importance of multidisciplinary teams being aware of the emergency algorithms for dealing with such complications. Findings: Indications have changed due to advancements in medicine with increased life expectancy and survival rates for children with often life threatening congenital conditions. Tracheostomies can offer these children long term ventilatory support. Upper airway obstructions due to infections are now infrequently indicated for tracheostomy due to successful vaccination programs. Complications today are because of obstructions and decannulations. Intra-operative complications are infrequent, due to refinements in surgical technique. Conclusion: Paediatric Tracheostomy is a rapidly evolving field because of continuous advancements in neonatal and intensive care medicine. The indications and complications have changed together over the last four decades. A greater understanding of tracheostomy complications is requiredfor successful management.

Contributions of Airway Stent for Long-term Outcome in Patients With Malignant Central Airway Stenosis or Obstruction

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Iyoda ◽  
Yoko Azuma ◽  
Atsushi Sano ◽  
Takashi Sakai ◽  
Satoshi Koezuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stenosis Or Obstruction ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Airway Stenosis ◽  
Airway Stent ◽  
Central Airway

scholarly journals Airway Stenosis Related to Foreign Body Aspiration: An Under-recognized Long term Complication

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 117954761986381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravindra M Mehta ◽  
Nadakuditi Rashmi ◽  
Pooja Bajaj ◽  
Shyam Krishnan ◽  
Lakshmipriya Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Granulation Tissue ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Foreign Body Aspiration ◽  
Areca Nut ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Airway Patency ◽  
Granulation Tissue Formation ◽  
Airway Stenosis

Introduction: Sequelae of chronic foreign body aspiration include occlusive granulation tissue formation, which can cause delayed fixed airway stenosis. The aim of this study is to highlight this complication, which should be diagnosed early and treated proactively. Methods: We present a case series of areca nut aspiration, an organic foreign body commonly chewed in Southeast Asia, complicated by delayed airway stenosis and examine the peculiar nature of areca nut that predisposes to this complication. Results: Long-term sequelae of areca nut aspiration are granulation tissue formation, potentially complicated by airway stenosis due to the mechanical and chemical irritant nature of areca nut. Discussion: Organic impacted foreign bodies such as areca nut can cause delayed complications of airway stenosis. Both the sharp edges of the areca nut and chemical irritation caused by alkaloids released by the nut in constant contact with the airway mucosa can predispose to this long-term complication. Early diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic interventions such as balloon bronchoplasty can help restore airway patency and prevent lung damage.

S183 – Intracordal Fat Assessment after Injection Laryngoplasty

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P137-P137
Author(s):  
Tuan-Jen Fang ◽  
Chao-Jan Wang ◽  
Hsueh-Yu Li
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Cord ◽  
Vocal Cord Paralysis ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Fat Injection ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Autologous Fat ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fat Volume ◽  
Unilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis

Objectives Autologous fat injection for unilateral vocal cord paralysis is a popular procedure for immediate symptoms control, but uneven long-term outcomes were reported. Most authors believed that the continual resorption of injected fat was the cause of voice degradation. A long-term residual fat volume was evaluated. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the patients following autologous fat injection for symptomatic unilateral vocal cord paralysis from 2002 Aug to 2006 July. The patients accepted head and neck computed tomogragphy (CT) evaluation following surgery were included. A three-dimensional reconstruction of the images of larynx and upper airway was performed on the work station (Vitrea® 2, version 3.9). The volume of intracordal fat was then calculated. Results 5 males and 15 females of the mean age 49 were enrolled. The mean duration from lipoinjection surgery to the CT study is 23.0 months (12–50 months). The injection fat was found in all study cases. The estimated fat volume ranged from 0.01 to 0.75 ml with a mean 0.33 ml. Compare with the injected fat volume, a mean 27.5% fat survived. The correlation between residual fat volume rate and duration of follow-up is not significant. Conclusions The intracordal fat volume didn't decline from time. Long-term intracordal injected fat diminished but survived in all cases. The degradation may be caused by absorption or immediate extrusion from injection wound. An over-correction and prevention of extrusion postoperatively would improve the long-term outcomes.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Association between Growth Hormone Therapy and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in a Child with Prader-Willi Syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian M. Nixon ◽  
Christine P. Rodda ◽  
Margot J. Davey
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Gh Treatment ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Longitudinal Association ◽  
Tract Infections

Context: Descriptions of the development of symptoms of upper airway obstruction and sudden death of children with Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) while on GH therapy have led to concern about GH contributing to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), especially early in treatment. However, two studies using monitoring with polysomnography (PSG) have not shown deterioration in OSA after 6 wk on GH, except as related to upper respiratory tract infections. Objective: The aim was to describe the evolution of OSA in a girl with PWS on GH treatment in order to highlight important aspects of long-term clinical monitoring for patients with PWS on GH treatment. Patient and Research Design: GH was commenced when the patient was 2.9 yr of age. PSG was performed at baseline and 7 wk after commencing GH, plus at intervals throughout treatment based on symptoms of OSA. Intervention: GH was given at doses ranging from 4.2 to 4.7 mg/m2 · wk over a period of 3 yr. Main Outcome Measure: OSA was quantified by PSG. Results: OSA was not present at baseline or after 7 wk on GH but developed after 6 months, following a small increase in GH dose. Cessation of GH was accompanied by resolution of OSA. GH was restarted 2 yr later, again associated with the development of OSA that resolved after cessation of GH. Conclusion: This case highlights that OSA may develop late in GH treatment. Children should be monitored for the symptoms of OSA throughout GH treatment, and PSG should be repeated if symptoms develop.

scholarly journals Indications and outcomes of paediatric tracheotomy: a descriptive study using a Japanese claims database

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e031816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayoko Mizuno ◽  
Masato Takeuchi ◽  
Yo Kishimoto ◽  
Koji Kawakami ◽  
Koichi Omori
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Claims Database ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation Duration ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Underlying Diseases

ObjectiveTo examine the incidence of and indications for paediatric tracheotomy to clarify the disease burden relevant to tracheotomy in a population-based context.DesignA descriptive analysis of a retrospective cohort.SettingThis study utilised a nationwide claims database in Japan constructed by JMDC (Tokyo, Japan). The database includes claims data for approximately 3.75 million insured persons (approximately 3.1% of the population of Japan) comprising mainly company employees and their family members.ParticipantsWe identified children registered to have undergone tracheotomy from 2005 to 2017 among about 1.2 million children aged 0–15 years.Main outcome measuresThe characteristics of the study population, and indications for tracheotomy, duration of hospital stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, duration of tracheotomy dependence, complications related to tracheotomy and death were assessed. When there were multiple indications, classification for a child into multiple groups was allowed.ResultsThe study included 215 children (120 males, 56%). The median age at tracheotomy was 0.8 years. The most common age at tracheotomy was less than 12 months (n=127, 59.1%). The most common indications for tracheotomy were chronic lung disease (n=79, 36.7%), followed by neuromuscular disease (n=77, 35.8%), cardiovascular disease (n=53, 24.3%), upper airway obstruction (n=43, 20%), premature birth and related conditions (n=34, 15.8%), trauma (n=16, 7.4%), prolonged ventilation due to other causes (n=12, 5.6%) and malignancy (n=9, 4.2%). The median duration of tracheotomy dependence was 17.2 months. During the follow-up period, decannulation was achieved in 84 children (39.1%), and the median time from tracheotomy to decannulation was 12.0 months.ConclusionsMost paediatric tracheotomies were performed due to chronic underlying diseases, and the mean duration of tracheotomy dependence was nearly 1-½ years. The long-term duration of tracheotomy dependence might have some impacts on patients’ physical and mental development and the quality of life.

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