scholarly journals Coronary arteries morphometry and their vascular territories

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
V. Ispas ◽  
P. Bordei ◽  
D. M. Iliescu ◽  
R. Baz
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Circumflex Artery ◽  
Marginal Artery ◽  
The Right ◽  
Coronary Dominance

Abstract Our study was performed on a total of 24 angioCT’s by each coronary artery executed on a GE LightSpeed VCT64 Slice CT Scanner. To assess the type of vascularization (coronary dominance) we used also dissection on fresh and formalin preserved hearts, injection of contrast substance followed by radiography and plastic mass injection followed by corrosion. Left coronary artery from origin I found a diameter of between 4.1 to 5.8 mm, the length of the left main coronary artery until its branching (bi or trifurcation) ranging from 3 to 11.8 mm. The diameter of the anterior interventricular artery, was between 1.8 to 3.4 mm, and when the anterior interventricular artery branched off a left marginal artery, it was less voluminous than the case when the marginal artery origin by trifurcation of coronary artery, with 1.8-2.5 mm. Anterior interventricular artery detach left anterior ventricular branches with a diameter of 1.2-2.2 mm. Circumflex artery present a diameter of 2.1 to 4.2 mm at the left aspect of the heart circumflex artery has a diameter of 2.1 to 3.4 mm. On the posterior surface of left ventricle from circumflex artery branches come off with 1.2 to 2.4 mm in diameter. Left marginal artery, when originate from the left coronary artery had a diameter of 2.1 to 2.8 mm. The right coronary artery presents at origin a diameter of 3.1 to 5.4 mm, from the coronary right for the anterior aspect of the right ventricle unhooking the branches with a diameter of 2.2 to 4.2 mm. To the posterior of the right ventricle right coronary artery gave branches with a diameter of 1.6 to 2.6 mm. Right marginal artery had a diameter of 1.6-2.2 mm, and in one case (4.17% from cases) had a diameter of 3.4 mm (when the right coronary origin was 5.4 mm ). From right the coronary atrial branches detaches with a caliber of 0.6-2 mm. Regarding the coronary dominance, we found on a number of 88 hearts that in 29.54% of cases there is predominance of right coronary artery in 25% of cases there is a predominance of the left coronary artery, and in 45.46% of cases there is a balance between the territories of the vascularity of the two coronary arteries.

scholarly journals Angiographic profile of coronary arteries in Keralite population

2014 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 143-149
Author(s):  
Apsara M P.
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Myocardial Revascularization ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Circumflex Artery ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Right ◽  
Coronary Angiograms

Abstract Background and aims: The incidence of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) has reached alanning proportions in India. The pathological hall mark of CAD is myocardial ischemia resulting from the atherosclerotic narrowing of coronary arteries. In this era of advanced interventions and cardiac surgery, a thorough knowledge of normal and variant anatomy of coronary arteries is of prime significance and of great use both to the clinicians and anatomists. Materials and methods: One hundred coronary angiograms of patients free of disease were studied in detail in different profiles. The data obtained was quantified according to their frequencies. The relation between the length of left main coronary artery and coronary artery dominance was statistically analyzed using the 'Chi Square test for Trend'. Results: This study highlighted some interesting findings such as the origin of Sino- atrial nodal artery from the second segment of right coronary artery in 3% of cases, double right marginal artery in 4% cases. Other variations such as Mouchet's posterior recurrent interventricular artery, origin of circumflex artery from the right coronary artery and abnormal communication between the terminal parts of right coronary artery and circumflex artery were each noticed in 1 % of cases. Conclusions: Coronary arteries and their branches are prone to variations in their course and morphology. Prior knowledge about this is important for the interpretation of coronary angiograms and surgical myocardial revascularization. The present work on normal and variant pattern of coronary arteries will help in gathering momentum to the already advancing research work in this field.

Location of Early Atheroma in the Human Coronary Arteries

1981 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Fox ◽  
W. A. Seed
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Lesions ◽  
Circumferential Distribution ◽  
Mechanical Factors ◽  
The Right

We have correlated the location of early atheroma with vessel geometry in the major coronary arteries of subjects dying of noncardiovascular causes under 40 yr of age. We analyzed only those vessels affected minimally by very early (fatty) disease. In each of the three major branches, disease was concentrated close to the entrance and diminished with distance downstream. Circumferential distribution of disease was also not random. In the right coronary artery, lesions were concentrated on the inner wall of the major curvature. Immediately downstream of the entrances of both branches of the left coronary artery, the flow-dividing walls were spared. Further downstream in the left anterior, descending branch plaques followed a spiral distribution. We believe these patterns may be determined by local mechanical factors.

scholarly journals Specific morphological characteristics of the coronary arteries

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-116
Author(s):  
V. Ispas ◽  
D.M. Iliescu ◽  
R. Baz ◽  
P. Bordei
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Free Edge ◽  
Coronary Ostium ◽  
Posterior Surface ◽  
Circumflex Artery ◽  
The Third ◽  
Marginal Artery ◽  
The Right

Abstract In 68% of cases, the left coronary ostium is at the free edge of the left sigmoid valve in 22% of cases over the edge of the valve and in 8% of cases under the free edge of the valve. In 56% of cases, the right coronary ostium is at the free edge of the left sigmoid valve in 28% of cases over the edge of the valve and in 16% of cases under the free edge of the valve. We found 5 cases with two right coronary ostium and 2 cases with two left coronary ostium. We found that in 38% of cases, the left coronary artery ends in three branches, such as anterior interventricular, circumflex and left marginal arteries, in rest of the cases, the left coronary artery ending by two branches like the anterior interventricular and circumflex arteries in which case the marginal artery originate from circumflex artery and rarely from anterior interventricular artery, or both, in this last case the left marginal artery being double. We found only 8 cases in which the circumflex artery ends as posterior interventricular artery in rest of the cases being represented by the right coronary artery end. Circumflex artery ends by two branches quite often and rarely with three branches which can sometimes be long, down to near the apex of the heart. In 8% of cases, the circumflex artery was less developed and do not vascularize other than the left side of the posterior surface of the left ventricle, sometimes his terminal ramus being left marginal artery. The right coronary artery frequently ends on diaphragmatic surface of the heart either as a single branch in posterior interventricular groove, by bifurcation or even rarely by trifurcation, when one or two branches are located in the posterior interventricular groove. Sometimes the right coronary artery ends on the posterior surface of the left ventricle, where the posterior interventricular artery occurs as collateral branch of the right coronary artery, the right coronary artery extending their vascularization territory to the posterior surface of the left ventricle, right up to the apex of the heart, the right coronary dominance, the circumflex artery in this case ending on the lateral surface of the heart. The right coronary artery may end up on the posterior surface of the right ventricle in which case posterior interventricular artery is represented by the terminal portion of the circumflex artery. The right coronary artery rarely ended as the posterior interventricular artery can reach the apex of the heart. We have found that the dominant type of a coronary artery can be held not only in the number of collateral, but also by their caliber at their origin from the aorta. We encountered 7 cases in which there is a third coronary artery, in 5 cases the third coronary artery being an anterior right I called her middle coronary artery or right ventricular branch and anterior ventricular artery, and in two cases the third coronary artery represent the circumflex artery. In 6 cases of the 7 cases described the third coronary artery showed no atrial branches

The coronary arteries and cardiac veins

2019 ◽  
pp. 175-186
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Sinus ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Venous System ◽  
Cardiac Veins ◽  
Coronary Ostia ◽  
The Right

This chapter describes the anatomy of the coronary arteries and cardiac veins. It covers the coronary ostia and left coronary artery, the right coronary artery, the cardiac venous system, and the coronary sinus and its tributaries.

Single right coronary artery with right ventricular fistula and congenital absence of left coronary artery: an extremely rare combination

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1402-1403
Author(s):  
Tamer Yoldaş ◽  
Meryem Beyazal ◽  
Utku A. Örün
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Fistula ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Congenital Absence ◽  
Collateral Vessels ◽  
The Right ◽  
Single Right Coronary Artery

AbstractWe report an extremely rare case of a 14-month-old girl who was diagnosed with a single right coronary artery with coronary artery fistula communicating with the right ventricle and congenital absence of left coronary artery. Angiography showed a dilated and tortuous single right coronary artery draining into the right ventricle, absence of left coronary system, and left ventricular coronary circulation supplied via collateral vessels.

scholarly journals Morphometric analysis of the coronary arteries: a study of the external diameters

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 138-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Silva ◽  
A. Nagato ◽  
R. Reis ◽  
C. Nardeli ◽  
F. Abreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
The Body ◽  
External Diameter ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Masses

Abstract Introduction: Approximately a third of worldwide deaths are caused by ischemic or coronary heart disease, suggesting that greater attention is needed to study the coronary diameter and myocardial vasculature. Material and Methods: In this study, 39 human adult hearts were dissected. The masses of the hearts were measured according to the principle of Scherle and the external diameters of the right coronary artery, the left coronary artery, and the ascending part of the Aorta were measured in millimeters (mm), using a Mitutoyo digital caliper. In the statistical analysis, normal distribution of the variables was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, external diameters were compared using the unpaired Student's t-test, and Pearson's correlation was applied to investigate the correlation of the diameters of the left coronary artery and right coronary artery with the Aorta. Significance was set at P <0.05, and the data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism v.5.00 (GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA). Results: The external diameters were as follows: left coronary artery, 5.55±0.16 mm; right coronary artery, 4.38±0.15 mm (P <0.0001); and Aorta, 22.85±0.80 mm. Thus, it was demonstrated that the external diameter of the left coronary artery is 22% larger than that of the right coronary artery, resulting in a greater blood supply via the left coronary artery and a greater passage of atherosclerotic factors. Conclusions: Despite the importance of the coronary arteries for the heart and the body as a whole, few studies correlated morphometric data and possible clinical implications related to coronary artery disease.

Unusual coronary artery arrangement in D-transposition of the great arteries with ventricular septal defect

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Salima Ahmed Bhimani ◽  
Rukmini Komarlu
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Ventricular Septal Defect ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Antegrade Flow ◽  
The Right

A term female with prenatally diagnosed D-Transposition of the great arteries, large membranous ventricular septal defect with inlet extension, moderate secundum atrial septal defect, and large patent ductus arteriosus (Fig 1) was born by scheduled caesarean section. Transthoracic echocardiogram confirmed the anatomy with both coronary arteries arising from a single sinus with separate ostia. The right coronary artery arose from right posterior facing sinus (Fig 2). The left coronary artery arose anomalously from the same sinus adjacent to the right coronary artery ostium, coursing posterior to the aorta, with brief intramural and interarterial course before bifurcating into the left anterior descending and left circumflex coronary arteries (Figs 3 and 4). As a result of this unique coronary pattern, she underwent unroofing of the intramural left coronary artery noted on opening the aortic root to the coronary ostium. Both coronary buttons were harvested and this large button was then divided into two buttons. The left coronary artery button was implanted with a trapdoor technique, right coronary artery button was implanted, and the remainder of the arterial switch procedure along with LeCompte maneuver was completed uneventfully, with closure of the atrial and ventricular septal defects. The post-operative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged on the seventh post-operative day. At discharge, the patient had normal biventricular systolic function, no residual intracardiac shunt, and robust antegrade flow in the reimplanted coronary arteries. The patient was growing well at the fourth month post-operative visit with normal biventricular function, patent coronaries, and outflow tracts.

The Ross procedure performed in the setting of congenitally bifoliate aortic valve with anomalous right coronary artery

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Morikawa ◽  
Ko Bando ◽  
Shinji Sato
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Ross Procedure ◽  
Aortic Sinus ◽  
Anomalous Artery ◽  
Atrioventricular Groove ◽  
The Right

We treated successfully using the Ross procedure a 14-year old with a congenitally stenotic bifoliate aortic valve associated with anomalous origin of the right coronary artery. The anomalous artery arose from the same aortic sinus that gave rise to the main stem of the left coronary artery, and reached the right atrioventricular groove by traversing the tissue plane between the aortic root and the subpulmonary infundibulum. Both coronary arteries were reimplanted using a single arterial button.

Anatomical Variations of Coronary Ostia, Aortocoronary Angles and Angles of Division of the Left Coronary Artery of the Human Heart

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 914-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Pejković ◽  
I Krajnc ◽  
F Anderhuber
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Human Heart ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Initial Part ◽  
Anatomical Dissection ◽  
The Right

Classic anatomical dissection of 150 heart specimens from adults aged 18 − 80 years was performed. Anatomical variations were studied in: (i) the position of the ostium of the left coronary artery; (ii) the angle between the proximal segment of the left coronary artery and the longitudinal axis of the aorta and between the circumflex and the anterior descending branches; (iii) the angle between the anterior descending artery and the diagonal branches, and between the diagonal and circumflex branches in trifurcation of the left coronary artery; (iv) the position of the ostium of the right coronary artery in the right coronary sinus of Valsalva; (v) the angle between the initial part of the right coronary artery and the logitudinal axis of the aorta; and (vi) the position of the initial part of the left coronary artery relative to the coronary groove. Knowledge of and the ability to recognize and identify the variety of sites of origin of coronary arteries, aortocoronary angles and angles of division of the left coronary artery of the human heart may help to overcome potential difficulties in cardiosurgical procedures, such as aortic valve replacement and reinsertion of coronary arteries.

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