scholarly journals Longitudinal analysis of annual height increment differentiation in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands of different age classes

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
Bogna Zawieja ◽  
Katarzyna Kaźmierczak
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Pine Trees

Abstract In the study, the measurements of Scots pine height increments were used to compare the increments of pine trees of different age classes. All of the analyzed trees were growing in stands located on fresh mixed coniferous forest sites. The study concerned a 10-year period of growth of 8 tree age classes. Due to variation in climate conditions, all trees were studied over the same calendar period. Longitudinal analysis was used to compare different age classes of trees with reference to the increments in height. This procedure had not been previously used for such purpose. The results obtained did not confirm the hypothesis of parallel profiles implying that there existed differences in the growth of trees in various age groups.

scholarly journals Variation of conducting area in stems of European larch (Larix deciduas) growing in fresh mixed coniferous forest and fresh mixed forest sites

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 18-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nawrot ◽  
M. Jakubowski ◽  
W. Pazdrowski ◽  
K. Kaźmierczak ◽  
M. Szymański
Keyword(s):  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Main Crop ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
The Social ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Site Types

The paper presents an attempt to determine conducting area (CA), relative conducting area (CA.k<sup>–1</sup>) and mean ring conducting area (CAar) on discs cut at breast height from stems of larch trees growing in fresh mixed coniferous forest and fresh mixed forest sites, representing four age classes and the main crop according to Kraft’s classification. The value of CA increases with an improvement of the social class of tree position in the community, while no such dependences were found for the value of (CA.k<sup>–1</sup>). The parameter CAar, except for one case in age class IV in the fresh mixed coniferous forest site, increases with an improvement of the position a tree takes in the community and differentiates more markedly under the conditions of fresh mixed forest sites. Relative conducting area (CA.k<sup>–1</sup>) decreases markedly with an increase in the age of trees, which is confirmed by high values of the coefficient of determination. Moreover, the significance of differences between individual trees in the main crop according to Kraft and forest site types was tested in terms of the values of CAar. Calculated values may be used to describe the relationships between conducting area and the size of the assimilating organ more precisely than the total sapwood zone.

scholarly journals Application of longitudinal analysis to the analysis of height increment of pine stands – simulated data

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogna Zawieja
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Longitudinal Data Analysis ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
Main Trunk ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Pine Stands

Summary One of the most important characteristics in determining the dendrometrical properties of a stand is the annual height increment of the trees. On the basis of these increments, natural phases of the trees’ life are defined. In the present study the data concern the height increments of the main trunk of 25-year-old Scots pine, as well as simulated data. Our research deals with the application of longitudinal data analysis. This analysis is usually used when measurements are taken at the same treatments at different time points. The calculations performed provide answers to the question of which annual height increments differ.

scholarly journals Rhizina undulatu on stem and roots of 84-year-old Scots pine trees

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Sierota
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Managed Forest ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
In Fire ◽  
Root Collar

Apothecia of <i>Rhizina undulata</i> Fr. were found on and around 84-year-old Scots pine trees in fire-free managed forest. The trees were weakened: crowns were strongly transparent, needles were yellowish or red MI part of the crown, the 1997 height increment of shoots decreased by about 60. One apothecium developed on the stem of tree. 7 cm above the ground level. The other 8 were associated with the roots. Three weeks after ascocarps had been removed 8 new ones were found. Some details referring to apothecia are given: distances from the root collar, dimensions, fresh weight, moisture and "index of undulativity" (Fw).

scholarly journals Consistency in the classification of oligotrophic forest sites and forest vegetation in Scots pine stands of successive age classes in Bolesławiec Forest

2011 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Ewa Stefańska-Krzaczek
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Forest Vegetation ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

Przemiany ubogich siedlisk borowych a aktualny stan roślinności runa w drzewostanach sosnowych kolejnych klas wieku w Nadleśnictwie Bolesławiec

scholarly journals Age-dependent climate–growth relationships and regeneration ofPicea abiesin a drought-prone mixed-coniferous forest in the Alps

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 609-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Schuster ◽  
Walter Oberhuber
Keyword(s):  
Radial Growth ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Competitive Strength ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Forest Distribution ◽  
Alpine Environments

Within dry inner Alpine environments, climate warming is expected to affect the development of forest ecosystems by changing species composition and inducing shifts in forest distribution. By applying dendroecological techniques we evaluated the climate sensitivity of radial growth and the establishment of Picea abies (L.) Karst. in a drought-prone mixed-coniferous forest in the Austrian Alps. Time series of annual increments were developed from >220 trees and assigned to four age classes. While radial growth of old P. abies trees (mean ages of 121 and 174 years) had highly significant responses to May–June precipitation, young trees (mean ages 28 and 53 years) were insensitive to precipitation in the current year. Because tree age was closely correlated to height and diameter (r2= 0.709 and 0.784, respectively), we relate our findings to the increase in tree size rather than age per se. The synchronicity found among trends in basal area increment and tree establishment suggests that canopy openings increased light and water availability, which favoured growth and establishment of moderately shade-tolerant P. abies. We conclude that, although P. abies is able to regenerate at this drought-prone site, increasing inter-tree competition for water in dense stands gradually lowers competitive strength and restricts scattered occurrence to dry–mesic sites.

scholarly journals Radial increment dynamics in Pinus sylvestris stands within the Northern Steppe of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-217
Author(s):  
Y. I. Gritsan ◽  
V. M. Lovynska ◽  
S. A. Sytnyk
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Radial Increment ◽  
Regional Variability ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Biometric Parameters ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Pine Trees

The parameters of periodic increment (5-years) and peculiarities of its change depending on age, diameter, height and volume of trunk of Scots pine are determined. The influence of climate conditions (air temperature and precipitation) on the dynamics of radial increment change of Scots pine trees are established. The results of experimental studies, obtained from 20 temporary sample plots of pine stands within the Northern Steppe of Ukraine are presented. We conducted an estimate of radial increment of Scots pine trunks as a basis for development of normative and information support for assessment of biotic productivity of this category of forest. All selected sample trees had different age and biometric parameters. The age of sample trees ranged from 9 to 90 years; diameter at breast height – from 4.0 to 41.7 cm; height – from 4.2 to 30.0 m, trunk volume – from 0.002 to 1.748 m3. It is found that the radial increment of pine stem was significantly dependent on tree age. The highest values of radial increment of Scots pine trees were observed for trees aged up to 20 years. With increasing age, radial increment had a decreasing trend, including 90-year old trees. Regression models of the dependence of radial increment of pine trees on the age and diameter are presented. In the article, the dependence of the values of radial increment of sample trees from types of forest are demonstrated. The highest values of Scots pine radial increment was observed in sugruds and gruds, which were presented in tree samples of 20 years. Comparative analysis of radial increment change in the trees of one age category, which grew in different conditions, was conducted. The older trees had the maximum increment in the conditions of dry sugrud, and the minimum increment in conditions of fresh subor. Also in this article we used generalized chronology of Scots pine radial increment reflecting regional variability of growth in pine trees. The results supplemented the research obtained earlier with new data on the dependence of the pine radial growth rate on forest-biometric parameters. These experimental data, their graph-analytical evaluation yielded an information basis for modeling the radial increment of pine trees, created on the basis of dependence of this parameter on biometric indexes – age and diameter at breast height.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of natural and artificial regeneration in Nowa Dęba Forest District

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-241
Author(s):  
Justyna Długosiewicz ◽  
Stanisław Zając ◽  
Emilia Wysocka-Fijorek ◽  
Małgorzata Sułkowska
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Artificial Regeneration ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Pine Regeneration ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Forest District ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

Abstract New challenges related to the multifunctional role of forests in consideration of both natural environment and economy come into view sequentially. In current forestry practice, an important element is not only the quality of forest cultivations (silvicultural aspect) but also the costs incurred for their production and tending (economic aspect). The main purpose of this article is to show the prospect of increasing positive silvicultural effects depending on the method used in management of Scots pine stands under given site conditions. The comparative analysis was carried out using the study results obtained in the Forest District Nowa Dęba and those presented in other relevant studies. In the present study, we examined whether the site conditions have significant effects on silvicultural and economic effectiveness of regeneration and development of Scots pine stands or those predominated by Scots pine in the initial stages of stand growth. Significance of the regeneration method effects on growth characteristics of Scots pine regeneration as well as the costs of forest cultivation management was analysed. The study on silvicultural and economic effectiveness was carried out in the Forest District Nowa Dęba. The results obtained showed that using Scots pine natural regeneration under the conditions of fresh coniferous forest site and fresh mixed coniferous forest site was the way of management based on reason. This was supported by both the values of regeneration growth parameters and silvicultural quality along with clearly lower expenditures incurred to achieve these effects. In wet mixed coniferous site, Scots pine seedlings regenerated naturally; however, the results indicated their lower silvicultural quality and growth parameter values when compared to those artificially regenerated. In fresh mixed broadleaved forest site, equally for silvicultural and economic reasons, the more optimal option was to regenerate forest using traditional planting material as natural Scots pine regeneration showed lower silvicultural effects. The unit costs of regeneration and maintenance of stands with self-sown Scots pine in fresh mixed broadleaved forest site were higher when compared with other examined forest sites. On the basis of the results of the present study, it can be concluded that regardless of the regeneration method examined, the most differentiating factor of the final economic effect of Scots pine stand establishment and maintenance was the cost of regeneration operation. The expenditure for this purpose consumed the largest part of expenses incurred in artificial regeneration variant. The higher cost of corrections in artificially planted forest cultivations in poorer forest sites was one of the reasons behind the profitable final balance of naturally regenerating Scots pine stands. Differences between other costs analysed were not significant. The results of the present study may contribute to comprehensive assessments of natural and artificial ways of forest regeneration and indicate forest production costs that are the most closely related to site conditions.

scholarly journals Juvenile wood volume and its proportion to stem volume vs. selected biometric features of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Tomczak ◽  
Witold Pazdrowski ◽  
Grzegorz Kupczyk ◽  
Tomasz Jelonek
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Juvenile Wood ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
The One

The aim of the study was to determine whether there is a correlation between breast height diameter, tree height and stem total volume of Scots pines, on the one hand, and volume and proportion of juvenile wood, on the other. The investigations comprised pure pine stands of the IInd, IIIrd, IVth and Vth age classes developed in conditions of fresh mixed coniferous forest. A distinct curvilinear correlation was found between volume and proportion of juvenile wood in tree stems and breast height diameter, height and stem total volume. Because of high values of determination coefficients (R<sup>2</sup>), which characterised the above-mentioned correlations, it seems appropriate to use these regularities to assess the quality of the timber raw material regarding the proportions of its volume and juvenile wood in stems of Scots pine trees.

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