scholarly journals Beta Convergence among Former Socialist Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-83
Author(s):  
Dzenita Siljak
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Conditional Convergence ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
Convergence Process ◽  
Eastern Partnership Countries ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Recent Financial Crisis

Abstract The aim of this paper is to analyze the convergence process among former Socialist countries, the Central and Eastern European (CEE), Western Balkan and Eastern Partnership countries. The relationships between the selected macroeconomic variables and per capita GDP growth rate are econometrically tested to support this research. The analyzed period is 2004-2016, with two sub-periods; 2004-2008 and 2009-2013. The subdivision is made to test if the recent financial crisis affected the absolute and conditional convergence process. The empirical findings support the economic convergence hypothesis. The results show that the recent financial crisis negatively affected only the absolute convergence process. The negative effects of the crisis on conditional convergence are not identified. The poorer countries in the analyzed group should do more to attract investment, as gross fixed capital formation has a clear positive impact on per capita growth in the examined sample of countries.

scholarly journals Do Transition Countries Converge towards the European Union?

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-139
Author(s):  
Dzenita Siljak ◽  
Sándor Gyula Nagy
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Conditional Convergence ◽  
Convergence Process ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Recent Financial Crisis

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to analyze if the Western Balkan and Eastern Partnership countries converge towards the twenty-eight members of the European Union. The relationships between the selected macroeconomic variables and per capita GDP growth rate are econometrically tested to support this research. The analyzed period is 2004–2017, with two sub-periods: 2004–2008 and 2009–2013. The subdivision is made to test whether the recent financial crisis affected the absolute and conditional convergence process in the analyzed group of countries. The empirical findings support the economic convergence hypothesis. The results show that the recent financial crisis negatively affected the absolute and conditional convergence process, when economic variables are included in the analysis. The negative effects of the crisis on conditional convergence with economic and socio-political variables are not identified. The poorer countries in the analyzed group should do more to attract investment and open their economies, as gross fixed capital formation and economic openness have a positive impact on per capita growth, and keep low inflation or stabilize it, while general government debt and unemployment should be decreased in the examined sample of countries.

Stakeholder Agriculture

2020 ◽  
pp. 258-281
Author(s):  
Alexandros Antonaras ◽  
Alexandros Kostopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Dramatic Decline ◽  
New Business ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Recent Financial Crisis ◽  
Agricultural Entrepreneurship

The shift in agricultural production and agribusiness may be a solution in reducing unemployment and particularly that of young people which is dramatically high in several European countries that are experiencing the negative consequences of the recent global financial crisis that led to a dramatic decline in their GDP per capita and has affected all sectors of economic activity, including agriculture. The overall scope of this chapter is to present an Agricultural Entrepreneurship and Social Innovation Framework that can lead to a new business model with social aspects, contribute to the economic growth and sustainability and hence combat the phenomenon of unemployment and poverty in rural areas that have been seriously affected by the recent financial crisis.

scholarly journals The endogeneity of optimum currency area criteria in the context of financial crisis: Evidence from the time-frequency domain analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 389-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kapounek ◽  
J. Poměnková
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Frequency Domain Analysis ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Real Convergence ◽  
Convergence Process ◽  
Recent Financial Crisis ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Value Decomposition ◽  
Optimum Currency

We provide the wavelet analysis of the economic cycle synchronization during the recent financial crisis. However, the global financial crisis caused economic cycles in most European countries to become more strongly synchronized without increasing of the real convergence process. Our contribution is an application of the singular value decomposition to identify and remove the long-term trend including outliers appearing in the year 2007–2010. We found that the historically greater integration provides more highly synchronized cycles in the core Euro area member countries.  

Stakeholder Agriculture

2017 ◽  
pp. 125-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandros Antonaras ◽  
Alexandros Kostopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Dramatic Decline ◽  
New Business ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Recent Financial Crisis ◽  
Agricultural Entrepreneurship

The shift in agricultural production and agribusiness may be a solution in reducing unemployment and particularly that of young people which is dramatically high in several European countries that are experiencing the negative consequences of the recent global financial crisis that led to a dramatic decline in their GDP per capita and has affected all sectors of economic activity, including agriculture. The overall scope of this chapter is to present an Agricultural Entrepreneurship and Social Innovation Framework that can lead to a new business model with social aspects, contribute to the economic growth and sustainability and hence combat the phenomenon of unemployment and poverty in rural areas that have been seriously affected by the recent financial crisis.

scholarly journals A Short Comparative Study of Corporate Governance in European National Legal Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 207-216
Author(s):  
Ovidiu Ioan Dumitru ◽  
Nicolae Marius Vavura
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Corporate Governance Codes ◽  
Governance Quality ◽  
Recent Financial Crisis ◽  
Corporate Governance Quality ◽  
And Control

Corporate Governance has developed immensely in the last decades mainly due to the negative effects on shareholders’s of management decisions leading to a continuous conflict to be solved by the policymakers and academics. After the publication of the Cadbury Report, we noticed an increase interest in drafting corporate governance codes, the American and European legislators being the most active, but recent financial crisis reduced confidence in the results of corporate governance quality, some authors asserting even that the poor implementation of the policies in the area have leaded to the crisis. This paper wants to show the diversity of corporate governance standards present today in different national legal systems, by comparing its main elements like protection of shareholders and stakeholders’ interests,  board structures and operations and control, oversight and reporting.  

An Examination of Per Capita Income Convergence in Emerging Market Economies

2021 ◽  
pp. 097491012110341
Author(s):  
Prakarti Sharma ◽  
Nidhi Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Unconditional Convergence ◽  
Income Convergence ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Conditional Convergence ◽  
Convergence Process ◽  
Sigma Convergence ◽  
Per Capita

The study intends to examine the convergence of per capita income in emerging market economies (EMEs) toward a steady state for the post reform period (1999–2019). Cross-sectional regression analysis has been performed for unconditional convergence and a panel data regression to find the conditional convergence in EMEs. Sigma convergence has been applied to find the dispersion of income level in EMEs. In addition, to find the impact of global financial crisis on the convergence process of EMEs, unit root test with one structural break has been applied. The findings indicate that there exists unconditional convergence among EMEs toward a common steady state. Further, the results show a significant role of all control variables except education in the growth process but prove the absence of conditional convergence in selected EMEs. The results of sigma convergence find that the dispersion of per capita income is declining in EMEs, showing the sign of sigma convergence in EMEs. However, this study provides further scope to examine per capita income convergence among EMEs by including other variables and their effect on the convergence process of EMEs.

High predatory efficiency and abundance drive expected ecological impacts of a marine invasive fish

2020 ◽  
Vol 637 ◽  
pp. 195-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
EM DeRoy ◽  
R Scott ◽  
NE Hussey ◽  
HJ MacIsaac
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Marine Predator ◽  
Eastern Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Red Grouper ◽  
Per Capita

The ecological impacts of invasive species are highly variable and mediated by many factors, including both habitat and population abundance. Lionfish Pterois volitans are an invasive marine species which have high reported detrimental effects on prey populations, but whose effects relative to native predators are currently unknown for the recently colonized eastern Gulf of Mexico. We used functional response (FR) methodology to assess the ecological impact of lionfish relative to 2 functionally similar native species (red grouper Epinephelus morio and graysby grouper Cephalopholis cruentata) foraging in a heterogeneous environment. We then combined the per capita impact of each species with their field abundance to obtain a Relative Impact Potential (RIP). RIP assesses the broader ecological impact of invasive relative to native predators, the magnitude of which predicts community-level negative effects of invasive species. Lionfish FR and overall consumption rate was intermediate to that of red grouper (higher) and graysby grouper (lower). However, lionfish had the highest capture efficiency of all species, which was invariant of habitat. Much higher field abundance of lionfish resulted in high RIPs relative to both grouper species, demonstrating that the ecological impact of lionfish in this region will be driven mainly by high abundance and high predator efficiency rather than per capita effect. Our comparative study is the first empirical assessment of lionfish per capita impact and RIP in this region and is one of few such studies to quantify the FR of a marine predator.

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