scholarly journals First report on the association of a begomovirus with chrysanthemum indicum exhibiting yellowing of leaf vein disease characterized by molecular studies

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash Marwal ◽  
Anurag Kumar Sahu ◽  
Rajarshi Kumar Gaur
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Universal Primers ◽  
Infected Leaf ◽  
Cotton Leaf ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Coat Protein Region ◽  
Leaf Vein ◽  
Chrysanthemum Indicum ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
Symptomatic Leaf

ABSTRACT Infected leaf samples of an ornamental plant Chrysanthemum indicum showing yellowing of leaf veins were collected from gardens of New Delhi (India). An expected PCR product of size ~500 bp was amplified from total DNA extracts of symptomatic leaf samples with universal primers on the gene of coat protein region of begomovirus DNA-A component. The presence of begomoviruses was also confirmed by Southern blot analysis using control cloned DNA-A probe of Cotton leaf curl virus. Sequence analysis of the virus infecting Chrysanthemum indicum showed 99% nucleotide sequence identity with Clerodendron yellow mosaic virus (EF408037).

scholarly journals Cloning and Partial Characterization of Cotton Leaf Curl Burewala Virus From Khanewal

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Fizza Akhter ◽  
Muhammad Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Coat Protein ◽  
Complete Characterization ◽  
Universal Primers ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Cotton Leaf ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Leaf Sample ◽  
Coat Protein Region ◽  
Leaf Curl

Begomoviruses are a serious threat to cotton production throughout the world. In Pakistan, enormous crop losses occur as a result of cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) caused by begomoviruses. Molecular characterization of begomoviruses has made possible the identification and analysis of begomoviruses prevalent in a host plant. Infected cotton leaf sample (C-59) was obtained from area around Khanewal during 2011. The total DNA was isolated from the infected sample by Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) method. An expected size band of approximately 1100bp, covering coat protein region of the virus, was amplified using universal primers. The amplified product was T/A cloned and sequenced to its entirety. DNA sequence showed 99% nucleotide sequence identity to each of Cotton leaf curl Burewala virus ((CLCuBuV; Accession No HF549Begomoviruses are a serious threat to cotton production throughout the world. In Pakistan, enormous crop losses occur as a result of cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) caused by begomoviruses. Molecular characterization of begomoviruses has made possible the identification and analysis of begomoviruses prevalent in a host plant. Infected cotton leaf sample (C-59) was obtained from area around Khanewal during 2011. The total DNA was isolated from the infected sample by Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) method. An expected size band of approximately 1100bp, covering coat protein region of the virus, was amplified using universal primers. The amplified product was T/A cloned and sequenced to its entirety. DNA sequence showed 99% nucleotide sequence identity to each of Cotton leaf curl Burewala virus ((CLCuBuV; Accession No HF549184)) and Cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus (CLCuKV; Accession No AJ002449)). Since CLCuBuV is a recombinant of CLCuKV and Cotton leaf curl Multan virus and the coat protein region of CLCuBuV was derived from CLCuKV that is most probable reason that the available sequence showed identity with CLCuBuV as well as CLCuKV. A complete characterization of full length virus will determine whether isolate C-59 is CLCuBuV or CLCuKV. Literature indicates that there is no existence of CLCuKV within the region and CLCuBuV is dominating within Indo-Pak184)) and Cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus (CLCuKV; Accession No AJ002449)). Since CLCuBuV is a recombinant of CLCuKV and Cotton leaf curl Multan virus and the coat protein region of CLCuBuV was derived from CLCuKV that is most probable reason that the available sequence showed identity with CLCuBuV as well as CLCuKV. A complete characterization of full length virus will determine whether isolate C-59 is CLCuBuV or CLCuKV. Literature indicates that there is no existence of CLCuKV within the region and CLCuBuV is dominating within Indo-Pak

scholarly journals First Report of Cotton Leaf Curl Disease in Central and Southern Sindh Province in Pakistan

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 826-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mansoor ◽  
L. Amrao ◽  
I. Amin ◽  
R. W. Briddon ◽  
K. A. Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hybridization ◽  
Universal Primers ◽  
Cotton Leaf ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
Sindh Province ◽  
Cotton Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
Total Dna ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
Leaf Curl

Cotton leaf curl is a devastating disease of cotton that has resulted in severe losses (estimated at more than US$87 million per annum) in Pakistan. The epidemic is centered in Punjab, the province that contributes approximately 80% of Pakistan's cotton. Previously, the disease had been observed sporadically on single plants in the northern Sindh Province but did not cause economically significant damage. During the years 2004 and 2005, a high incidence (approximately 20%) of the disease was observed in Shahdadpur and parts of District Sanghar, located in central Sindh Province. The disease was also observed at low incidence (<1%) in southern Sindh. To confirm the identity of the causal agent of the disease, 18 samples from three districts in central southern Sindh (Sanghar, Hala, and Hyderabad) were collected, and total DNA was extracted using cetyltrimethylammoniumbromide (2). Universal primers for begomoviruses based on conserved sequences as follows were used in polymerase chain reaction (PCR): BegomoF (5′-CCGTGCTGCTGCCCCCATTGTCCGCGTCAC-3′) and BegomoR (5′-CTGCCACAACCATGGATTCACGCACAGGG-3′). Universal primers for amplification of DNA β with PCR were also used (1). A full-length clone of Cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMV) was labeled with alpha-32PdCTP by the oligo-labeling method and used as a probe in Southern hybridization for the detection of geminivirus DNA forms (2). Similarly, cotton leaf curl disease associated DNA β was also labeled and used as a probe in Southern hybridization. The use of universal primers for begomoviruses resulted in amplification of viral DNA of the expected size from all samples while no PCR product was obtained from healthy plants. PCR results confirmed that all plants were infected with begomoviruses. Southern hybridization with CLCuMV and DNA β probes detected begomovirus DNA forms associated with virus replication when washed at medium stringency, further confirming that the plants were infected with the cotton leaf curl geminivirus complex (2). Our results indicate that cotton leaf curl complex has become established in central and southern districts of Sindh Province and it poses a major threat to cotton grown in the region. References: (1) R. W. Briddon et al. Mol. Biotechnol. 20:315, 2002. (2). S. Mansoor et al. Arch. Virol. 148:1969, 2003.

scholarly journals Molecular Typing ofNeisseria gonorrhoeaeIsolates by Opa-Typing and Ribotyping in New Delhi, India

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pejvak Khaki ◽  
Preena Bhalla ◽  
Ahmad Mir Fayaz ◽  
Sohiela Moradi Bidhendi ◽  
Majid Esmailzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
Sexual Contacts ◽  
High Level ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Epidemiological Characterization

Control and preventive measures for gonococcal infections are based on precise epidemiological characteristics ofN. gonorrhoeaeisolates. In the present study the potential utility of opa-typing and ribotyping for molecular epidemiological study of consecutive gonococcal strains was determined. Sixty gonococcal isolates were subjected to ribotyping with two restriction enzymes,AvaII andHincII, and opa-typing withTaqI andHpaII for epidemiological characterization of gonococcal population. Ribotyping withAvaII yielded 6 ribotype patterns while twelve RFLP patterns were observed withHincII. Opa-typing of the 60 isolates revealed a total 54 opa-types, which 48 were unique and 6 formed clusters. Fifty-two opa-types were observed withTaqI-digested PCR product while opa-typing withHpaII demonstrated 54 opa-types. The opa-types from isolates that were epidemiologically unrelated were distinct, whereas those from the sexual contacts were identical. The results showed that opa-typing is highly useful for characterizing gonococcal strains from sexual contacts and has more discriminatory than ribotyping that could differentiate between gonococci of the same ribotype. The technique even with a single restriction enzyme has a high level of discrimination (99.9%) between epidemiologically unrelated isolates. In conclusion, the molecular methods such as opa-typing and ribotyping can be used for epidemiological characterization of gonococcal strains.

scholarly journals In silico evaluation of molecular virus–virus interactions taking place between Cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus- Burewala strain and Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12018
Author(s):  
Nida Fatima Ali ◽  
Rehan Zafar Paracha ◽  
Muhammad Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Protein Structures ◽  
Protein Docking ◽  
Tomato Leaf ◽  
Replication Initiation ◽  
Electrostatic Energy ◽  
Cotton Leaf ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Virus Interactions ◽  
Tomato Leaf Curl ◽  
Leaf Curl

Background Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) is a disease of cotton caused by begomoviruses, leading to a drastic loss in the annual yield of the crop. Pakistan has suffered two epidemics of this disease leading to the loss of billions in annual exports. The speculation that a third epidemic of CLCuD may result as consequence of the frequent occurrence of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) and Cotton leaf curl Kokhran Virus-Burewala Strain (CLCuKoV-Bu) in CLCuD infected samples, demand that the interactions taking between the two viruses be properly evaluated. This study is designed to assess virus-virus interactions at the molecular level and determine the type of co-infection taking place. Methods Based on the amino acid sequences of the gene products of both CLCuKoV-Bu and ToLCNDV, protein structures were generated using different software, i.e., MODELLER, I-TASSER, QUARKS, LOMETS and RAPTORX. A consensus model for each protein was selected after model quality assessment using ERRAT, QMEANDisCo, PROCHECK Z-Score and Ramachandran plot analysis. The active and passive residues in the protein structures were identified using the CPORT server. Protein–Protein Docking was done using the HADDOCK webserver, and 169 Protein–Protein Interaction (PPIs) were performed between the proteins of the two viruses. The docked complexes were submitted to the PRODIGY server to identify the interacting residues between the complexes. The strongest interactions were determined based on the HADDOCK Score, Desolvation energy, Van der Waals Energy, Restraint Violation Energy, Electrostatic Energy, Buried Surface Area and Restraint Violation Energy, Binding Affinity and Dissociation constant (Kd). A total of 50 ns Molecular Dynamic simulations were performed on complexes that exhibited the strongest affinity in order to validate the stability of the complexes, and to remove any steric hindrances that may exist within the structures. Results Our results indicate significant interactions taking place between the proteins of the two viruses. Out of all the interactions, the strongest were observed between the Replication Initiation protein (Rep) of CLCuKoV-Bu with the Movement protein (MP), Nuclear Shuttle Protein (NSP) of ToLCNDV (DNA-B), while the weakest were seen between the Replication Enhancer protein (REn) of CLCuKoV-Bu with the REn protein of ToLCNDV. The residues identified to be taking a part in interaction belonged to domains having a pivotal role in the viral life cycle and pathogenicity. It maybe deduced that the two viruses exhibit antagonistic behavior towards each other, and the type of infection may be categorised as a type of Super Infection Exclusion (SIE) or homologous interference. However, further experimentation, in the form of transient expression analysis, is needed to confirm the nature of these interactions and increase our understanding of the direct interactions taking place between two viruses.

scholarly journals First Report of Tobacco mild green mosaic virus in Capsicum chinense in Venezuela

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 1108-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Córdoba ◽  
A. García-Rández ◽  
N. Montaño ◽  
C. Jordá
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Tomato Mosaic Virus ◽  
Capsicum Chinense ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
First Report ◽  
Coat Protein Region ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
First Time

In July 2003, noticeable deformations of leaves were observed on a local variety of Capsicum chinense, also called ‘Aji dulce’, from a pepper plantation located in Venezuela, (Monagas State). ‘Aji dulce’ is a basic ingredient of the Venezuelan gastronomy with an estimated cultivated area of 2,000 ha. The seeds of this local pepper are obtained by the growers who reproduce and multiply their own seeds every year. Seeds of affected plants were sent to our laboratory, and a group of approximately 100 seeds was sown in a controlled greenhouse that belongs to the Polytechnic University of Valencia, Spain. Three months later, obvious curling and bubbling developed on the leaves of the plants. Extracts of symptomatic plants tested negative for Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMV), and Tobacco etch virus (TEV) by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (DAS-ELISA) with policlonal antibodies specific to each virus (Loewe Biochemica GMBH, Sauerlach, Germany; Phyto-Diagnostics, INRA, France). Total RNA was isolated from 0.5 g of original seed sent from Venezuela and from 25 samples of leaves of plants grown in the greenhouse with an RNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen Sciences, Germantown, Maryland). The RNA isolated was used in reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with specific primers for Tobacco mild green mosaic virus (TMGMV) (1) predicted to amplify a 530 bp of the coat protein region. From all samples, a RT-PCR product of the expected size was obtained and then sequenced. BLAST analysis of one sequence (GenBank Accession No. DQ460731) showed high levels of identity with TMGMV isolates, with more than 99% nucleotide identity with the DSMZ PV-112 isolate (GenBank Accession No. AJ429096). The symptomatology observed on pepper plants, the TMGMV RT-PCR assay, and the consensus of sequenced regions with TMGMV lead us to conclude that TMGMV was the causal agent of the diseased C. chinense plants. Although TMGMV has a wide plant host range occurring worldwide (1), to our knowledge, this is not only the first time TMGMV has been detected in Venezuela, but also the first report of TMGMV in C. chinense in Venezuela and the first reliable probe of the TMGMV seed transmission. Reference: (1) J. Cohen et al. Ann. Appl. Biol. 138:153, 2001.

scholarly journals First Report of Pepper vein yellows virus Infecting Sweet Pepper in Spain

Plant Disease ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (9) ◽  
pp. 1261-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Villanueva ◽  
P. Castillo ◽  
M. I. Font ◽  
A. Alfaro-Fernández ◽  
E. Moriones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Nucleotide Identity ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Symptomatic Leaf ◽  
Universal Detection ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
Pepper Vein Yellows Virus

In November 2012, unusual symptoms were observed in plants of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) grown in commercial greenhouses of Almería Province, southeastern Spain. Symptoms included interveinal yellowing, upward leaf curling, and internode shortening, and were more evident in the upper part of the plant. Abnormal ripening of fruits was observed in symptomatic plants, with fruits remaining orange in the red varieties and yellow in the orange varieties, thus reducing their marketability. During December 2012 and January 2013, severe outbreaks of this disease syndrome occurred, with many greenhouses exhibiting almost 100% incidence. The symptoms observed were similar to those reported for isolates of Pepper vein yellows virus (PeVYV, genus Polerovirus, family Luteoviridae) (previously also named Pepper yellow leaf curl virus [PYLCV] and Pepper yellows virus [PYV]) (2,4). Twenty five symptomatic leaf and/or fruit samples (some of them supplied by Zeraim Ibérica, S.A.), each from a different greenhouse, were analyzed and all reacted positively in double-antibody sandwich-ELISA with an antiserum against the polerovirus Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV) (Sediag, Longvic, France), known to cross-react with PeVYV (2). Total RNA was extracted by TRIsure reagent (Bioline, London, United Kingdom) from symptomatic leaves and analyzed by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR with primers Pol-G-F (5′-GAYTGCTCYGGYTTYGACTGGAG-3′) and Pol-G-R (5′-GATYTTATAYTCATGGTAGGCCTTGAG-3′) designed for universal detection of poleroviruses by amplifying the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and coat protein (CP) partial genes (3). DNA fragments of the expected size (1.1 kbp) were amplified supporting a polerovirus infection in all the analyzed samples. The PCR product obtained from one sample (Almería-1) was extracted from agarose gel with a QIAquick gel extraction kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany), cloned in pGEM-T Easy vector (Promega, Madison, WI), and one clone was sequenced (Macrogen Inc., Seoul, South Korea). The PCR products amplified from three other samples (2-13, 7-13, and 8-13) were directly sequenced. The nucleotide identity between the amplified fragments (GenBank Accession Nos. KC769487, KC839992 to 94), calculated after alignment with ClustalW, was 99.7 to 100%. The highest nucleotide identity of the Spanish sequences was with a PeVYV isolate from Turkey (FN600344, named as PYV) (98.5 to 98.7%). The spread of PeVYV in Spain is additional evidence of the emergence of this virus as a global threat for pepper crops after its first detection in Japan in 1995 and recent reports from the Mediterranean Basin (1,2). References: (1) N. Buzkan et al. Arch. Virol. 158:881, 2013. (2) A. Dombrovsky et al. Phytoparasitica 38:477, 2010. (3) D. Knierim et al. Plant Pathol. 59:991, 2010. (4) R. Murakami et al. Arch. Virol. 156:921, 2011.

scholarly journals Association of a Monopartite Begomovirus Producing Subgenomic DNA and a Distinct DNA Beta on Croton bonplandianus Showing Yellow Vein Symptoms in Pakistan

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 444-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Amin ◽  
S. Mansoor ◽  
S. Iram ◽  
M. A. Khan ◽  
M. Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monopartite Begomoviruses ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Yellow Vein ◽  
Bipartite Begomoviruses ◽  
Universal Primers ◽  
Cotton Leaf ◽  
Nylon Membrane ◽  
Monopartite Begomovirus ◽  
Punjab Province ◽  
Vein Disease

The recent discovery that monopartite begomoviruses on ageratum and cotton essentially require a DNA satellite called DNA β (2,4) is leading to identification of several other hosts that have similar disease complexes. A weed species (Croton bonplandianus) belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae is one such example. C. bonplandianus is widely distributed on wastelands throughout the Punjab Province in Pakistan. It very often shows yellow vein symptoms indicating infection by a begomovirus. To detect a begomovirus, both symptomatic and asymptomatic plants were collected from several widely separated locations in the Punjab Province. Total DNA was isolated from these samples by the cetyltrimethylammoniumbromide (CTAB) method, resolved in an agarose gel, and blotted on a nylon membrane (2). A full-length clone of DNA A of Cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV) labeled with 32PdCTP was used as a probe in Southern hybridization (2). The probe detected hybridizing bands only in symptomatic plants, confirming the presence of a begomovirus. In addition to hybridizing bands of the expected sizes, smaller bands were also detected, suggesting the presence of subgenomic molecules derived from DNA A. Universal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers for dicot-infecting geminiviruses (1) were used in PCR for amplification of DNA A of the begomovirus associated with the disease. The use of these primers in PCR was expected to result in amplification of full-length DNA A. In addition to a product of the expected size (2.7 to 2.8 kb), another product of approximately 1.4 kb was amplified. The presence of subgenomic DNAs that are derived from DNA A is an indicator of the monopartite nature of begomoviruses, because in bipartite begomoviruses subgenomic DNAs are derived solely from DNA B. The presence of a DNA β, a DNA satellite associated with certain monopartite begomoviruses, was suspected because of symptoms and the possible monopartite nature of the virus. Universal primers for amplification of DNA β (3) were used in PCR for amplification of a putative DNA β. The PCR reaction yielded a product of expected size (≈1.4 kb). A probe from the amplified product was made by the oligolabeling method. The probe detected hybridizing bands in all symptomatic samples collected from three locations, confirming the association of a DNA β with the disease. A duplicate blot when hybridized with a DNA β associated with ageratum yellow vein disease did not hybridize to these samples. These results confirm that yellow vein disease on this weed is associated with a monopartite begomovirus and a distinct DNA β. References: (1) R. W. Briddon et al. Mol. Biotechnol. 1:202, 1994. (2) R. W. Briddon et al. Virology 285:234, 2001. (3) R. W. Briddon et al. Mol. Biotechnol. In press. (4) K. Saunders et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 97:6890, 2000.

Deployment of yellow mosaic disease resistance in mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] through interspecific hybridization

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navkiran Kaur Ludhar ◽  
Asmita Sirari ◽  
T.S. Bains ◽  
Abhishek Sharma ◽  
S.A.H. Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Cross ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Disease ◽  
Rice Bean ◽  
Kharif Season ◽  
Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Interspecific Derivatives ◽  
Favourable Environment

Mungbean yellow mosaic virus [Urdbean: New Delhi: 2011] Accession no. JQ398669.1, was found to be prevalent in both summer and kharif season causing Yellow Mosaic Disease (YMD) of mungbean. Since similar strain was observed in both the seasons, the short duration interspecific derivative lines of mungbean suitable for summer season were evaluated for YMD resistance in kharif season- a highly favourable environment for YMD epidemics during 2014-2016. Out of fourteen lines showing stable resistant reaction, few lines promising for other economically important traits were selected and again evaluated by whitefly mediated artificial inoculation technique for confirmation of resistance during 2017. The selected promising interspecific derivative lines showed no YMD symptoms except SML 1829. SML 1827 derived from interspecific cross between mungbean and rice bean showed highest yield among all interspecific derivatives. Further, rice bean specific segments were also identified in SML 1827 with SSR markers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document