scholarly journals The influence of landscape structure on the quality index of surface waters

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Tetyana P. Fedoniuk ◽  
Roman H. Fedoniuk ◽  
Ludmila D. Romanchuk ◽  
Anatolyy A. Petruk ◽  
Viktor M. Pazych

AbstractThe article focuses on the problem of structure degradation and ecosystem functioning – the urgency that identifies the relevance of operations at a strategic level aimed at providing the integrated assessment of ecological stability of water. Determination of water quality indicators were divided into blocks according to the criteria of salt composition, according to chemical saprobological indicators and the content of specific substances of toxic and radiation action. According to the results of block analysis, the integrated ecological index of water quality was determined by the dependence of water quality on the indicators of ecological stabilization of the landscape and the structure of biotechnical elements. The article determines the relationships between worsening quality of surface waters and stabilization or destabilization of the landscape structure. The research was conducted on medium and large streamflows on the Right Bank of Polesie region of the Dnieper-River cascade within which the tracts of land were identified and the landscape ecological stability (CESL1) and landscape biotechnical elements coefficients (CESL2) were determined. The retrospective analysis was performed of the surface water features on the Right Bank of Polesie region of the Dnieper-River cascade and the main trends in salt block indicators, trophic and saprobiological block indicators, and in the content of toxic and radioactive substances at observation sites were estimated. Based on obtained data, the integrated assessment in trends of surface water quality on the Right Bank of Polesie region of the Dnieper-River cascade was made and the main parameters and scale of stabilization and destabilization of landscape impact on the water quality formation were defined.

2021 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. 10005
Author(s):  
Igor Gopchak ◽  
Tеtiana Basiuk ◽  
Artem Yatsyk ◽  
Oksana Yaromenko

The quality of surface waters of small rivers of the Ukrainian regions of right-bank Polissia, belonging to the basin of the river Pripyat, was estimated. The study was conducted via systematic observations based on the ecological classification of surface water quality of land and estuaries of Ukraine, which includes a set of hydrophysical, hydrochemical, hydrobiological and other indicators, which were grouped into three blocks of indicators: salt composition of water; tropho-saprobiological (ecologicalsanitary) block; specific substances of toxic action. The integrated (ecological) index was determined, by which the class and category of surface water quality were established. The results of observations on the quality of surface waters of the rivers of the Ukrainian regions of right-bank Polissia indicate their satisfactory condition. Surface waters, on average, correspond to the II class of water quality, and the worst - to the III class. Water protection measures have been proposed to improve the ecological condition of small river basins in specified region.


Author(s):  
P. Smilii ◽  
I. Gopchak ◽  
T. Basiuk

The ecological assessment of the quality of surface water of the Dnipro basin (within Zhytomyr region) is carried out. In general, surface water of rivers of teter, rotten, Guiva, forest stone, Irsha, Human, Arpin, Rostavitsa and Kamyanka were investigated. The study was conducted according to systematic observations based on the ecological classification of the quality of surface water and estuates in Ukraine, which includes a set of hydrophysical, hydrochemical, hydrobiological and other indicators reflecting the peculiarities of components of aqueous ecosystems. On the basis of unified ecological criteria, the technique allows you to compare the water quality in separate areas of water objects, in water objects of different regions. The calculation of the ecological assessment of water quality was carried out within three blocks: a block of saline composition (I1), a block of troph-sanitary (ecological-sanitary) indicators (I2) and a block of indicators of specific substances of toxic action (I3). The results are presented in the form of a combined ecological assessment, based on the final conclusions of three blocks and is to calculate the integral ecological index (IE). The results of observations on the qualitative state of surface water in the Tetereva Basin, the right tributaries of the Dnieper “Good”, “clean” water (II class of quality) here are less than half (47%) of all observation points. Such a quality is the water of the rivers of Irsha, Guiva, rotten, varnia, teter. In 6% of cases, “satisfactory”, “contaminated” water of the quality of the quality (3,7 ≤ IE ≤5,4), namely: r. Teters, within the city of Zhytomyr, 200 m above the fall of the River Forest Kamyanka and River Forest Kamenka, within the city of Zhytomyr, 100 m above the fall in Teter. Waters of all other research points occupy an intermediate position between II and III of quality classes and are evaluated as “good”, “clean” and “satisfactory”, “contaminated”. The water of the pools Irpen and dew, represented by the rivers Irpin, Rostavitsa and Kamenka, are characterized by the second class of quality “good”, “clean”. Executed researches allowed to analyze and evaluate the ecological state of the rivers of the rivers of the Zhytomyr region within the Dnipro River basin, which will establish the environmental standards of water quality and to determine the basic areas for improving the state of water resources and substantiate the system of recommendations aimed at improving the environmental state of the basins under study in the boundary of the area.


2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Gopchak ◽  
Tetiana Basiuk ◽  
Ihor Bialyk ◽  
Oleg Pinchuk ◽  
Ievgenii Gerasimov

Abstract The environmental assessment of the surface water quality of the Western Bug River has been made using the system of classification quality of land surface water of Ukraine in accordance with the approved methodology, which allows comparing water quality of separate areas of water objects of different regions. The calculation of the environmental assessment of water quality has been carried according to three blocks: block of salt composition, block of trophic and saprobic (ecological and sanitary) indicators and block of indicators of content of specific toxic substances. The results are presented in the form of a combined environmental assessment, based on the final conclusions of the three blocks and consists in calculating the integral ecological index. Comprehensive studies of changes in the water quality of the Western Bug River have been conducted within the territory of Ukraine for a long-term period. The water quality of the river on the final values of the integral indicators of the ecological condition corresponded mainly to 4nd category of the 3rd class – the water is “satisfactory” by condition and “little polluted” by degree of purity (except for points of observation that located within the Volyn region, where the water quality corresponded to 3rd category and the 2nd class. It is “good” by condition and “fairly clean” by the degree of purity). Visualization and part of the analysis are performed using GIS technologies in the software of the ArcGIS 10.3.


2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 2031-2041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandria B. Boehm

A quantitative microbial risk assessment framework is used to derive risk-based surface water quality thresholds for coliphages.


Author(s):  

The article is devoted to the analysis of the quality of surface water in Uzbekistan. Analyzed their impact on the living conditions and health of the population of the republic. The most difficult situation with drinking water supply and with the growth of diseases caused by the use of poor-quality drinking water falls on the Navoi, Khorezm, Surkhandarya regions and Karakalpakstan. The stated data makes it relevant to conduct research to determine the quality of surface waters and improve the methods of its assessment. The analysis of existing methods for assessing the quality of surface waters. The technique of assessment of the index of pollution of water applied now in Uzbekistan counted in compliance with “Methodical recommendations about the formalized complex evaluation test of the surface and ocean waters about hydro/chemical indexes” was developed in Soviet period and doesn’t meet the modern requirements. The need to improve the methods for assessing the quality of surface waters as compared with that currently used in Uzhydromet is indicated. One of the most promising at present is the “Method of integrated assessment of the degree of contamination of surface waters by hydro/chemical indicators” developed and used in operational practice in Russia. The most informative comprehensive estimat water pollution and the class of water quality. The author proposed methods for assessing the quality of surface waters, the calculation of which is based on the use of a larger amount of initial information and are more reliable than those used. In particular, the proposed methodology for assessing the quality of surface waters, taking into account the hazard class of ingredients.


Author(s):  
N. S. Loboda ◽  
O. V. Smalii

The relevance of the work consists in the need to study the water quality of the Siverskyi Donets River and its tributaries at the beginning of the 21th century, since the river is a main source of water supply in the eastern part of Ukraine. The catchment area of the Siverskyi Donets River is located in the most industrialized region of Ukraine. It is a transboundary river and its catchment is located in the territory of both Ukraine and Russia. The volume of the river's water use, if compared to its runoff volume, is the largest in Ukraine. The condition of water quality is determined by high water consumption and large amount of polluted water being discharged into it. The largest impact is caused by discharges from the residential and commercial complex (big cities) and the enterprises of coal industry, ferrous metallurgy, chemical and petrochemical industry which are concentrated in the Donets Coal Basin. The purpose of this work is to assess the changes of surface water quality of the Siverskyi Donets Basin and to establish the role of the tributaries affected by considerable anthropogenic pressure in the formation of the ecological state of the main river. The research aims at analyzing the hydrochemical indices of the Siverskyi Donets River and its tributaries: the Udy River (9 km to the south from Kharkiv) located in the forest-steppe zone and affected by the wastewater of Kharkiv megalopolis; the Oskil River (Chervonooskilske Reservoir) located in the karst area, having a significant underground water supply and the runoff of which is regulated by the reservoir; the Luhan, Kryvyi Torets, Kazennyi Torets, Bakhmut rivers that are tributaries originating from the Donetsk Highlands and affected by the wastewater of Donbas industrial and municipal enterprises. The subject of the research is the ecological condition of water resources in the rivers of the Siverskyi Donets Basin estimated using the generalized ecological index. The water quality condition was analyzed based on the hydrochemical observations performed from 1990 to 2015 by Central Geophysical Observatory in Kyiv. The main method of research is the method of ecological assessment of surface water quality of land and estuaries in Ukraine using relevant categories. The assessment of the surface water quality using the generalized ecological index (with application of average indicators) showed that the water quality deteriorates along the main river with its worst condition at Lysychansk section. Analysis of the tributaries indicated the worst ecological condition of the Bakhmut River (Donbas). For most of the considered rivers the 3rd class of quality (“satisfactory”), the 4th category ("satisfactory condition and slightly contaminated”) were established. If we consider the index of ecological condition by maximum indicators, the results are almost the same for all the studied rivers: 5th class, 7th category ("very poor condition and very contaminated”). According to the block of salt composition components, the worst ecological condition is established for sections of the Siverskyi Donets River (city of Lysychansk) and the Bakhmut River. The analysis of the generalized ecological index  dynamics along the length of the main river indicated a general trend (except for the section in Lysychansk) to water quality improvement. This was achieved following the decrease of toxic effects due to reduction of petroleum products and phenol concentrations. No significant changes in the index were detected for the tributaries. Donbas rivers are also characterized by increase of the salt composition components index: their water is classified as "brackish" whereas the water of other tributaries is classified as “fresh water”. The pollution with nitrogen compounds still remains significant and keeps increasing. The heavy metals content decreases very slowly. The inflow of water of the Donbas rivers to the main river causes significant changes of the ecological condition at the Lysychansk section located downstream from the place of their confluence.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colby James Moorberg ◽  
Michael John Vepraskas ◽  
Christopher Paul Niewoehner ◽  
Jeffrey Greville White ◽  
Daniel de Boucherville Richter

Abstract Restoring wetlands on agricultural land can release soil P to surface waters. Phosphorus is a limiting nutrient in many freshwater systems, thus restricting its release will improve surface water quality. A P balance was used to examine how P was cycling in a Carolina Bay wetland eight years after restoration from prior-drained agricultural land. The change in soil P was evaluated between archived samples taken at restoration (2005), and eight years after restoration (2013). Measured P fluxes included atmospheric deposition, plant uptake, and loss to surface water outflow. The soil total P pool at the time of restoration was 810 kg P ha -1 . No significant (α=0.05) decrease in the soil P pool was observed. Atmospheric deposition contributed 7 kg P ha-1, plants accumulated 28 kg Pha-1 and incorporated 27 P ha-1 into woody biomass and 1 kg P ha-1 on the forest floor litter, and 1.7 kg P ha-1 was lost to surface waters draining the wetland. Because the loss of P to surface waters was small, and because runoff water concentrations of P declined through this period of study to concentrations below those likely to cause eutrophication (< 0.1 mg L-1), we concluded that the wetland was not contributing to the degradation of surface water quality of nearby streams following restoration. Further, relatively “isolated” wetlands such as that studied may be promising sites for future wetland mitigation projects due to limited impacts on surface water quality.


World Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1(41)) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Рибалова О. В. ◽  
Ільїнський О. В. ◽  
Бондаренко О. О. ◽  
Макаров Є. О. ◽  
Жук В. М.

The article improves the method of establishing ecological norms of surface water quality in accordance with Ukrainian legislation and the Water Framework Directive of the European Union, which represents the scientific novelty of work. For the first time environmental norms for water flows of the Udy river basin have been determined on the basis of the forecast of their qualitative condition, taking into account the landscape-geographic features of the functioning of aquatic ecosystems. Ranking of the observation posts for the quality status of the Udy River in terms of the ecological index value for the permissible and target ecological standard makes it possible to identify the most polluted watercourses. The improvement of the methodology for establishing ecological norms of surface water quality has a purpose to introduce an iterative approach to the management of surface water quality into the water protection practice of Ukraine and its adaptation to the environmental legislation of the EU countries.


2020 ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
Pavlo Smilii ◽  
Mykhailo Melniychuk

Purpose – perform ecological assessment of the surface waters of the Rostavytsia river within the Zhytomyr region. Method. Environmental assessment of the surface water of the Rostavytsia river was carried out using the system of classification of standards for the assessment of surface water quality of Ukraine. On the basis of common environmental criteria, the methodology makes it possible to compare the quality of water at different sites of water bodies, in water bodies of different regions. The calculation of the ecological assessment of water quality was carried out within three blocks: block of salt composition (І1), block of trophic-saprobiological (ecological-sanitary) indicators (І2) and block of indicators of content of specific substances of toxic action (І3). The results are presented in the form of a combined environmental assessment based on the final conclusions of the three blocks and based on the calculation of the integrated environmental index (IE). Results. Omprehensive studies on changing the water quality of the Rostavytsia river were conducted within the Zhytomyr region during 2016-2017. The water quality of the river according to the final values of the integral indicators of water quality of the three blocks varies within the II and III quality classes. The total environmental indices (IE) for the mean and worst indices are 3,2 and 3,3 respectively. In general, the water quality along the main channel of the Rostavytsia river within the Zhytomyr region corresponds to the second class, 3 categories, 3 subcategories according to the average quality indicators and 3(4) subcategories by worst performance. The total values of the integral surface water quality indicators of the Rostavytsia river indicate their contamination by trophic-saprobiological components. Scientific novelty. For the first time, on the basis of analytical studies and stock materials, an ecological assessment of the surface waters of the Rostavytsia river within the Zhytomyr region was carried out by three blocks of indicators: salt composition, trophic-saprobiological indicators and specific toxic substances. The integral ecological index is determined. The trends of pollutants accumulation in the surface waters of the Rostavytsia river have been established. Practical significance. The conducted researches allowed to analyze and evaluate the ecological status of the surface waters of the Rostavytsia river within the Zhytomyr region, which will allow to establish ecological standards of water quality and on this basis to determine the main directions for improvement of water resources and to substantiate the system of recommendations aimed at improving the ecological status of the studied basin.


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