DOOMED TO DEATH: ABORTIONS AND ABORTION TOURISM

The purpose of the study is to group the countries of the world according to the availability and legality of abortion and to identify patterns of development of tourist flows of abortion tourism. The research methodology includes a system of methods and techniques: monographic method (used to process materials from literary sources and Internet resources), statistical method (used to assess the prevalence of abortion), cartographic method (used to visualize the legality and availability of abortion around the world), classification method (used to group countries according to the criterion of the level of availability and legality of abortion). Research results. The geography of tourist flows of one of the types of medical tourism (abortion tourism) was analyzed. It arose as a result of the possibility of obtaining medical procedures abroad, prohibited or restricted in their own country. Attention was focused on the factors of legality and accessibility of these medical services in the countries. There are four groups of countries on the availability of abortion: 1) freedom of abortion; 2) abortion for medical and socio-economic reasons; 3) abortion for medical reasons and in other exceptional cases; 4) complete ban. The right to terminate a pregnancy at the woman's request is guaranteed in 71% of developed countries and in 16% of developing countries. Most countries that restrict abortion throughout the territory or in its separate administrative units - this is the state of Africa and South Asia and Latin America. But abortion tourism is the most intensive in Europe. The controversy over abortion has not abated. The two main groups in discussion call themselves "for choice" (with an emphasis on women's right to choose) and "for life" (with an emphasis on the unborn child's right to life). The scientific novelty of the work is that the proposed grouping of countries according to the legality and availability of abortion, outlines the factors of abortion tourism. The main directions of tourist flows of abortion tourism in Europe are determined. The practical significance of the results of the work is that they can be used to shape the tourism policy of Ukraine, as the state is involved in the field of abortion tourism as a recipient of tourist flows. The results of the study also contribute to solving social and demographic problems in the context of depopulation and deteriorating public health. After all, abortions are factors that negatively affect the reproduction of the population and women's health.

SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES OF SOCIAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH OF INCLUSIVE TOURISM IN UKRAINE

Goal. Consider the theoretical and methodological features of the development and implementation of inclusive rehabilitation and social tourism in Ukraine, with an emphasis on scientific approaches and research methods of inclusive tourism within the framework of social geography. Methodology. Analytical, statistical, graphic, systemic and comparative geographical methods were used. Approbation. The main conceptual issues of the scientific and theoretical basis of research activities in the direction of inclusive tourism were investigated both by domestic students (L. Barmashina, N. Belousova, S. Derevyanko, O. Zayarnuk, L. Naumenko and others) and by foreign scientists (A. Bavelsky , A. Dyskin, S. Makhov, A. Sesolkin, E. Sigida, D. Chepik) and have been tested in the previous works of the author of this article. Scientific novelty. Using the experience of foreign countries, where inclusive tourism has been widely developed and has a high efficiency of implementation, we propose priority steps for the development of inclusive social and rehabilitation tourism in Ukraine in the form of scientific approaches as components of the theoretical and methodological base of the study. Practical significance. The article raises controversial issues related to the scientific and theoretical basis, in the form of scientific approaches to socio-geographical research of inclusive tourism in Ukraine. The main subjects of rehabilitation processes in the development of inclusive tourism are people with disabilities, as representatives of the most vulnerable inclusive category. The materials of the publication can be used in further scientific research on this topic, in the process of work of departments and specialized institutions that provide rehabilitation services for people with disabilities, and also relate to the tourism sector.

SOCIO-GEOGRAPHICAL ESSENCE OF THE MILITARY SPHERE OF UKRAINE

The purpose of the article is to analyze the existing approaches to understanding the terms military sphere, military-industrial complex, defense-industrial complex, security and defense sector, military sector, determining the positioning of the military sphere and its position relative to other natural-geographical areas, joints and overlaps, identification of its functions and problems that interfere with proper functioning. Development of directions and prospects for the development of the military sphere and the Armed Forces of Ukraine in general. Method. The research was conducted on the basis of the analysis of available literature sources on this topic and the application of a spherical approach to the analysis of the positioning of the military sphere and the definition of its components. The available domestic and foreign literary sources and the ratio of these concepts within this literature are studied. Results. Theoretical and methodological problems of comparing concepts related to the military sphere and their interchangeability and interconnectedness are studied. The scheme of correlation of concepts of military sphere, defense-industrial complex and military-industrial complex is offered. Based on the spherical approach, we propose a scheme of the military sphere, which we consider as a sphere formed within the geosphere at the junction of social and natural spheres, at the intersection of demographic, informational, spiritual, environmental, technical, economic, political and social spheres. Within each oblast forming the sphere, three main sectors with the greatest influence on the military sphere are singled out. Six main functions of the sphere are singled out and arranged in order of importance on the basis of the proposed scheme. Scientific novelty. The need for this study is due to the fact that despite the fact that since 2014 and to date, fighting has been going on in the east of our country, in many universities the discipline of military geography and related disciplines is being stolen, the term military sphere has not been proposed. clear positioning of the military sphere among other social spheres. To date, the functions performed by the military sphere and the factors contributing to the improvement and development of this sphere have not been determined, which is what led to the implementation of this study. Practical meaning. Based on modeling and analysis, the main areas that affect the military sphere as such and to what extent are identified, the areas of greatest influence and sectors of influence within the regions are identified. The functions of the military sphere and the main factors influencing its development and transformation are highlighted, as well as what measures need to be implemented to improve the situation. The results of the research are developed for planning by the state structures of the program of development of the military sphere and for teaching the discipline "Military Geography". The geographical features of the military sphere are singled out, to which the greatest attention should be paid when analyzing the transformation of the military sphere.

THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF THE TERRITORIAL SYSTEM OF MONODEVELOPMENT IN GEOGRAPHICAL SPACE

The purpose of this research work is to analyze modern theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of territorial systems of monodevelopment in the theory of social geography. Method. General scientific methods, including analysis, scientific synthesis, analytical method, methods of comparison and generalization were used in the study. Scientific novelty. The article reveals traditional and innovative approaches to identifying and defining the territorial system of mono-development in the geographical space. In substantiating the application of approaches, we used the work of scientists and geographers, who took them into account in the study of complex systems. It has been determined that the leading and traditional approaches in socio-geographical research are historical-geographical (retrospective) and territorial (geospatial), which should be combined with genetic. According to which all geographical phenomena have been considered as processes that have their genesis, dynamics, differences, patterns spatial distribution. To study the processes of system formation, a comprehensive approach is important. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the development of the main factors in the formation of modern socio-economic processes in the regions. The system approach allows to consider functioning and development of the territorial monosystem and its basic types as systems of the territorial organization of a society at various hierarchical levels, to open their integrity and the mechanisms providing effective management of such monodevelopment. At the same time, it has been found that not all the outlined approaches of complex systems can be used to study monosystems in the form in which they were used previously. This is because in the study of systems in retrospect, the application of approaches was focused on the analysis of the structure of the studied objects and the variety of processes that took place between the elements of the studied systems. In the study of monosystems, the researcher should be interested in their development to bifurcation moments and the conditions for further preservation of monosystems. This means that traditional approaches, such as historical-geographical (retrospective) and territorial (geospatial) should be modified to adapt to these tasks. It is important to use innovative approaches: cluster (formation of so-called network structures), behaviorist (explanation of the territorial identity of the monosystem), participatory (strategic planning of the territorial development of the monosystem). Only by combining a variety of approaches will it be possible to obtain a synergistic effect and form a synergistic approach that will provide additional benefits in the study of monosystems and the processes of their functioning. Practical meaning. The results of this study contribute to a deeper socio-geographical understanding of the processes of monodevelopment, their genesis, features of their course and provide an opportunity to model the long-term development of territorial social systems, to achieve expected results due to long-term transformation. They can be used for further study of monosystems of different hierarchical levels, as well as for the development of practical recommendations and programs for the development of individual monoterritories.

USE OF ORGANIZATION AND ENGINEERING IN EVENT TOURISM

The article discusses the main problems of the implementation of event tourism in certain territories, which primarily include: short-term event; the scale of the event; placement in a natural area; lack of sufficient means of accommodation and services for tourists; style of events and the like. Goal. Development of an effective system of organizational and technical support for event tourism events. Methodology. The main research methods, in order to achieve the goal, are the analysis of engineering support, the classification of mobile homes for event tourism and the modeling of requirements for them based on the system analysis of event tourism technologies. Results. The organizational and technical support of event tourism activities proposed in the article will reduce the technogenic load on the local natural landscapes of natural areas in the places where event events are held. This will contribute to the formation of a higher culture, the style of their conduct, which will make it possible to undertake events of event tourism in regions that are even more attractive to a wide audience of tourists not only in our country, but also abroad. This method of organizational and technical support can also be used for holding rallies, forums, conferences and other events. Important for the success of the development of event tourism and the correct organization of organizational and engineering support is the formation of a calendar of events, which makes it possible to approach all future events in a planned manner, from the point of view of engineering and technical support, later will give its positive results. Scientific novelty. The current state of the use of mobile houses in event tourism on the territory of Ukraine is analyzed for the first time. For the first time, the calendar of the territory of the Stanishovskaya OTG of the Zhytomyr region was compiled for 2020-2021. Practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the compiled calendar of event tourism will be used by OTG "Stanishovskaya" in full and taking into account our recommendations regarding the holding of mass events.

DEVELOPMENT OF TOURIST ORIENTED FARMS OF LVIV REGION

Purpose. Characterize the development trends of the network of tourist-oriented farms which operate within the Lviv region. Systematize information about their specialization and key areas of work, identify and describe the main groups of farms in Lviv region in view of the priority of their activities, as well as reveal the features of the tourist offers for visitors and tourist groups. Methods. The research used the method of analysis to study the literature and information sources on the research topic; the method of scientific systematization is applied to the selection of tourist oriented farms of Lviv region and the characteristic of key areas of their activities; the cartographic method allowed to visualize the location of the studied farms within the region by forming a map of Lviv region with the indication of settlements where the tourist-oriented farms operate. Results. The role, place and significance of tourist-oriented farms for the development of rural tourism are outlined. The farms of Lviv region that are involved in the tourism sector, focused on the reception of tourists and presented in the information space are highlighted. The dominant group of tourist-oriented farms in Lviv region is formed by those farms that are engaged in the cultivation of cows, goats, sheep, specializing in the manufacture and sale of dairy products, especially various types of cheese. At the same time, a number of cheese factories have been formed within the region, operating on the basis of purchased raw materials. A separate group includes honey eco-farms, berry farms, snail farms, ostriches, etc. Systematized data on the specifics, features of the development of the studied farms are presented in the table, the main products and tourist services they offer on the market of tourist services are highlighted. A map of Lviv region with a presentation of the geography of location of tourist-oriented farms within the region are developed. The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in the generalization of information about the existing tourist-oriented farms of Lviv region and the analysis of their offer on the tourist market. The practical significance lies in the systematization of relevant information about the current state of development of tourist oriented farms in Lviv region. The obtained scientific results can be used in the process of forming tours in Lviv region as well as in the educational process in the training of future specialists in the specialty «Tourism».

ENVIRONMENTAL-GEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF NATURAL TYPES OF USE IN THE IVANICHEVSK REGION OF THE VOLYN REGION

Purpose. The purpose of the study is ecological-geographical analysis of nature management in Ivanichi district of Volyn region. Method. During the scientific work the following methods of socio-geographical research were used: cartographic, comparative, observation, generalization, analysis and synthesis. The statistical method calculates the indicators of transformational changes by types of natural resources. The method of geoinformation modeling of the state of the processes of nature management and their development made it possible to reveal the relationship of transformed resources with the factors of influence. Results. An ecological-geographical assessment of nature management in the Ivanichi district of Volyn region has been carried out. The basis of the economic complex of the district is agriculture and processing industry. On the other hand, mining and machine-building industry prevail in the structure of Novovolynsk city economy. The influence of both natural and technogenic processes and factors on the formation of ecological and geographical situation in the territory of the district is substantiated. The specific combination of environmental management has led to the spatial differentiation of environmental stress and the varying degree of its implementation in the form of a spectrum of hazardous processes. The scientific novelty is the ecological and geographical determination of the types of economic nature management in the Ivanichi district of Volyn region. The analysis of the impact on the formation of the ecological situation in the area and the proposed measures for its optimization are carried out. Practical importance. The results of the study can be used in the educational process of the East National University named after Lesya Ukrainka in teaching a number of geographic and tourism disciplines. The results will find their application in the legislative and executive work of local governments in the development of programs for socio-economic development of the territory. The research materials will facilitate the rational use of economically transformed natural and anthropogenic territories and objects of the Ivanichi district of Volyn, which will increase the profitability and competitiveness of the exploitation of the objects of land and industrial fund. A number of provisions can be used in similar studies in other regions of Ukraine.

GEOGRAPHICAL METHODS OF LOCALIZATION OF HISTORICAL EVENTS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE BATTLE OF THE BLUE WATERS)

Goal. To consider the role of geographical methods in the study of localization of places in the last century there were great fateful battles. Carry out a comparative analysis of the two probable sites of the Battle of the Blue Waters by the methods of geographical science. . The research methodology consists in using a system of complex methods of geographical science for preliminary search of places of great battles of the past and their possible adaptation to the methods of historical and military sciences. An attempt is made to adopt a group of geographical research method to the needs of archaeological science. The following research methods were used: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, comparison, systematization, abstraction, etc. Results. The analysis is carried out by the method of excluding two probable locations of the battle of the Blue Waters. Geographical arguments are presented that refute the current official opinion about where this battle took place. This study gives archaeologists the location of the area where they can conduct excavations, since the official version did not give them food to obtain the relevant artifacts. A scientific and methodological background has been created for the use of the toponymic research method in archeology and military science/ The importance of hydrological and economic-geographical factors in the scientific search of districts is emphasized as in the past there were great fateful battles. A specific territory of Vinnytsia region near the village of Ulaniv on the Snyvoda River, which is a left tributary of the Southern Bug River, has been proposed for archaeological excavations. Scientific novelty. For the first time in the domestic tourist and geographical literature the comparative analysis of two probable places of battle at Blue Waters by methods of geographical science is executed. The principles of using the methods of geographical science in exploratory research of historians, archeologist, local historians etc. of the places of great battles, which took place many centuries ago and which were not precisely localized in the written sources of the hast , are offered. Practical significance lies in establishing the historical truth, providing archaeologists with a specific area for excavations, creating an appropriate methodology of geographical science with its further use by the historical and military science. The concept of landscape-favorable conditions for historical battles, the importance of which has deepened in the past for the victory of one or another side, has been proposed. The results of this study will also be of interest of geographical, historical, tourism specialties and specializations.

ANALYSIS OF TOURIST DEMAND CHERNIVTSI IN THE DIRECTION OF EGYPT IN 2020

Purpose. Analyze the results of surveys of tourists who used the services of travel agencies in Chernivtsi in the direction of Egypt in the 2020 season and identify "weaknesses" and "strengths" in the activities of travel agencies. Methods. On the basis of the compiled questionnaire, a survey of tourists and processing of survey results was conducted. Tourists who used the services of travel agencies in Chernivtsi in Egypt were involved in the survey. The research methods of computer technology, statistical, comparative, survey was used. Results. The results of a survey of tourists who used the services of travel agencies in Chernivtsi in Egypt direction in season 2020 are analyzed. It is determined what factors influence the tourist's choice of travel agency, what sources of information about tourist products are crucial for the tourist’s choice, the share of tourists lost by travel agencies who planned to use their services but refused, the reasons for refusing the services of the recommended agency, the reasons for choosing Egypt for vacation, analyzed how tourists assessed the quality and safety of travel services in Egypt in the pandemic year 2020. Insufficient knowledge of the manager about the tourist product, incomplete and uncertain answers to questions about the border crossing procedure, the list of laboratories where the PCR test result can be obtained and the information that should be in the test result form, insufficient given time for the tourist, the reluctance of the manager to work with the tourist. Scientific novelty. A new survey of tourists was conducted, the results of the study were processed and further directions in the improvement and future development of travel agencies in Ukraine were identified (on the example of Chernivtsi). Practical significance. The practical significance of the study is to use the results to critically analyze the activities of travel agencies, identify "weaknesses" and "strengths" in their activities and find new ways to develop and improve, in particular, why the question of choosing a tourist product and a travel agency remains problematic for tourists.

TOURIST-RECREATIONAL RESOURCES OF JAPAN

The purpose of the study is to consider the features of tourist and recreational resources of Japan and to identify those types of tourism that are most developed on their basis. Method. The study was conducted in three stages: 1) preparation of the study (problem statement); 2) the stage of accumulation of scientific information: bibliographic search of scientific information, study of documents, main sources of the topic, compiling a review of the literature, the choice of aspects of research; 3) information processing (methods: comparative, statistical, scientific systematization); 4) analysis of the received information (interpretation of results, formulation of the general conclusions). Results. Tourist activity, as the main form of recreation, belongs to the types of social practice with a pronounced resource orientation. It is determined that tourist resources include everything that can be used to meet the needs of tourists. Three main groups of tourist and recreational resources of Japan are identified and analyzed: natural-recreational, cultural-historical and socio-economic resources. Within the group of natural and recreational resources, the geographical location, relief, climate, water, forest, flora and fauna resources and objects of the nature reserve fund are characterized. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the uniqueness of natural and recreational resources is due to the insularity of the country. Based on the analysis of cultural and historical resources, it was found that although Japan accepts Western standards of living, as a cultural region, it continues to be a unique and inimitable phenomenon. The high socio-economic standard of living has made the Japanese one of the most traveling nations in the world. The main socio-economic resources that contribute to the development of tourism in Japan – the level of socio-economic development of the country, demographic and infrastructural resources. It is determined that Japan has unique tourist and recreational resources that determine the specifics of its tourism product. She skillfully attracts them to improve the country's image in the world tourism market. It was found that the country attracts a large number of tourists with exotic nature, cultural monuments and a high level of infrastructure development, especially transport accessibility. It is determined that taking into account the trends of world tourism and the uniqueness of available tourist and recreational resources in Japan, the following types of tourism have developed: health, medical, environmental, skiing, beach, cultural and educational and business. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the modern analysis of the peculiarities of the tourist potential of Japan and the characteristics of the predominant types of tourism. The practical significance of the study is determined by the possibility of using the results of the article, both by travel agencies to form a tourism product and by potential tourists to understand the specifics of recreation in the country, as well as for educational purposes.