scholarly journals Assessment of Maximum Cross-Sectional Area and Volume of the Canine Biceps Brachii – Brachialis Muscles

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (335) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Armands Vekšins ◽  
Oskars Kozinda
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Force ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Muscle Volume ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Brachialis Muscle ◽  
Tomography Data ◽  
Area And Volume

Abstract The biceps brachii - brachialis muscles has attachment on the medial coronoid process (MCP) and proximal radius. It is considered that medial coronoid disease (MCD) can be caused by biceps brachii – brachialis muscle generated force to MCP. Computed tomography data from 31 dogs were analysed. The aim of this study was to compare biceps brachii – brachialis muscle volume and maximum cross-sectional area (mCSA) between clinically normal dogs to dogs with a MCD. Results showed that in dogs with MCD, biceps brachii - brachialis muscle volume and mCSA is smaller than in clinically normal dogs and therefore the generated muscle force cannot be considered as the main or accompanying cause of a MCD.

Adaptations in the elbow flexors of elderly males after heavy-resistance training

1993 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 750-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Roman ◽  
J. Fleckenstein ◽  
J. Stray-Gundersen ◽  
S. E. Alway ◽  
R. Peshock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Muscle Volume ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Elbow Flexors ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elderly Males ◽  
Heavy Resistance Training

The structural and functional characteristics of the elbow flexors in five elderly males were studied before and after 12 wk of heavy-resistance training. Muscle volume and cross-sectional area of two of the elbow flexor (biceps brachii and brachialis) muscles were determined by magnetic resonance imaging. Mean muscle fiber area, percent fiber distribution, and collagen and noncontractile tissue densities were determined on histological sections from needle biopsies. Isokinetic strength of the elbow flexors was measured at velocities between 60 and 300 degrees/s. Muscle volume and cross-sectional area of the biceps brachii and brachialis significantly increased by 13.9 and 22.6%, respectively, after the training program. A preferential hypertrophy of type II fibers (37.2%) was observed. Significant increases in peak torque were observed at all the tested velocities. The amount of work a subject could perform during a 25-repetition test at 240 degrees/s increased by 41% after training. These results demonstrate that the skeletal muscles of elderly individuals can adapt to heavy-resistance exercise and do so by increases in both muscle size and strength.

scholarly journals Muscles adaptation to aging and training: architectural changes – a randomised trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrien J. Létocart ◽  
Franck Mabesoone ◽  
Fabrice Charleux ◽  
Christian Couppé ◽  
René B. Svensson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Muscle Volume ◽  
Triceps Surae ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Training Volume ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Repetition Maximum

Abstract Background To investigate how anatomical cross-sectional area and volume of quadriceps and triceps surae muscles were affected by ageing, and by resistance training in older and younger men, in vivo. Methods The old participants were randomly assigned to moderate (O55, n = 13) or high-load (O80, n = 14) resistance training intervention (12 weeks; 3 times/week) corresponding to 55% or 80% of one repetition maximum, respectively. Young men (Y55, n = 11) were assigned to the moderate-intensity strengthening exercise program. Each group received the exact same training volume on triceps surae and quadriceps group (Reps x Sets x Intensity). The fitting polynomial regression equations for each of anatomical cross-sectional area-muscle length curves were used to calculate muscle volume (contractile content) before and after 12 weeks using magnetic resonance imaging scans. Results Only Rectus femoris and medial gastrocnemius muscle showed a higher relative anatomical cross-sectional area in the young than the elderly on the proximal end. The old group displayed a higher absolute volume of non-contractile material than young men in triceps surae (+ 96%). After training, Y55, O55 and O80 showed an increase in total quadriceps (+ 4.3%; + 6.7%; 4.2% respectively) and triceps surae (+ 2.8%; + 7.5%; 4.3% respectively) volume. O55 demonstrated a greater increase on average gains compared to Y55, while no difference between O55 and O80 was observed. Conclusions Muscle loss with aging is region-specific for some muscles and uniform for others. Equivalent strength training volume at moderate or high intensities increased muscle volume with no differences in muscle volume gains for old men. These data suggest that physical exercise at moderate intensity (55 to 60% of one repetition maximum) can reverse the aging related loss of muscle mass. Trial registration NCT03079180 in ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration date: March 14, 2017.

Muscle volume vs. anatomical cross-sectional area: different muscle assessment does not affect the muscle size-strength relationship

2022 ◽  
pp. 110956
Author(s):  
Marcel B. Lanza ◽  
Hugo C. Martins-Costa ◽  
Carolina C. De Souza ◽  
Fernando V. Lima ◽  
Rodrigo C. Diniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Muscle Volume ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Strength Relationship

Muscle Force per Cross-sectional Area is Inversely Related with Pennation Angle in Strength Trained Athletes

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeki Ikegawa ◽  
Kazuo Funato ◽  
Naoya Tsunoda ◽  
Hiroaki Kanehisa ◽  
Tetsuo Fukunaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Force ◽  
Pennation Angle ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional

Corticosteroid-induced magnetic resonance imaging changes in patients with recurrent malignant glioma.

1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1886-1889 ◽  
Author(s):  
C J Watling ◽  
D H Lee ◽  
D R Macdonald ◽  
J G Cairncross
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Malignant Glioma ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Corticosteroid Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Recurrent Malignant Glioma ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Investigational Treatment ◽  
Area And Volume

PURPOSE We studied corticosteroid-induced magnetic resonance (MR) scan changes in patients with recurrent malignant glioma to determine if corticosteroid therapy started concurrently with investigational treatment might yield false-positive responses. PATIENTS AND METHODS Ten symptomatic patients not on corticosteroids when malignant glioma recurred had a baseline MR scan performed before corticosteroid treatment, followed by serial scans at weekly intervals for 1 month while on dexamethasone (16 mg/d). The maximum cross-sectional areas and volumes of the gadolinium-enhancing regions (tumor) and T2-weighted abnormalities (tumor plus edema) were compared quantitatively and qualitatively for each series of scans. RESULTS Nine of 10 patients (90%) had a measurable reduction in the size of the gadolinium-enhancing region or T2-weighted abnormality with corticosteroid treatment. The maximum cross-sectional area and volume of the gadolinium-enhancing region decreased by at least 25% in three of 10 patients (30%). The maximum cross-sectional area and volume of the T2-weighted abnormality decreased by at least 25% in five of 10 patients (50%). Maximum measurable radiologic improvement was evident within 2 weeks in most patients. MR scans were judged improved by the reporting neuroradiologist in seven of 10 (70%). These subjective visual improvements were also evident within 2 weeks, but generally described as slight or modest. CONCLUSION Corticosteroid-induced MR scan reductions in tumor size may confound the assessment of response of recurrent malignant gliomas to investigational agents. For patients who start corticosteroids for symptom control, investigational treatment should be delayed until a new baseline MR image is established 2 weeks later. Response is then judged by comparing subsequent MR scans with the new corticosteroid-influenced baseline image.

Muscle fiber number in biceps brachii in bodybuilders and control subjects

1984 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 1399-1403 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. MacDougall ◽  
D. G. Sale ◽  
S. E. Alway ◽  
J. R. Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Fiber ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Trained Subjects ◽  
Fiber Area ◽  
Muscle Cross Sectional Area

Muscle fiber numbers were estimated in vivo in biceps brachii in 5 elite male bodybuilders, 7 intermediate caliber bodybuilders, and 13 age-matched controls. Mean fiber area and collagen volume density were calculated from needle biopsies and muscle cross-sectional area by computerized tomographic scanning. Contralateral measurements in a subsample of seven subjects indicated the method for estimation of fiber numbers to have adequate reliability. There was a wide interindividual range for fiber numbers in biceps (172,085–418,884), but despite large differences in muscle size both bodybuilder groups possessed the same number of muscle fibers as the group of untrained controls. Although there was a high correlation between average cross-sectional fiber area and total muscle cross-sectional area within each group, many of the subjects with the largest muscles also tended to have a large number of fibers. Since there were equally well-trained subjects with fewer than normal fiber numbers, we interpret this finding to be due to genetic endowment rather than to training-induced hyperplasia. The proportion of muscle comprised of connective and other noncontractile tissue was the same for all subjects (approximately 13%), thus indicating greater absolute amounts of connective tissue in the trained subjects. We conclude that in humans, heavy resistance training directed toward achieving maximum size in skeletal muscle does not result in an increase in fiber numbers.

scholarly journals Psoas Muscle Volume as an Opportunistic Diagnostic Tool to Assess Sarcopenia in Patients with Hip Fractures: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1338
Author(s):  
Sang-Pil So ◽  
Bum-Sik Lee ◽  
Ji-Wan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Hip Fractures ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Psoas Muscle ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Muscle Volume ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Cross Sectional

Purpose: This study aims to determine whether the psoas volume measured from a pelvic computed tomography (CT) could be a potential opportunistic diagnostic tool to measure muscle mass and sarcopenia in patients with hip fractures. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. In total; 57 consecutive patients diagnosed with hip fractures who underwent surgery were enrolled. A cross-sectional area of the psoas muscle was measured at the lumbar (L) 3 and L4 vertebrae from a pelvic CT for the diagnosis of hip fractures. The psoas muscle volume was calculated with a three-dimensional modeling software program. The appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) and preoperative handgrip strength (HS) were measured. The correlations between the psoas muscle volume/area and ASM/HS were assessed. Data on patient demographics; postoperative complication; length of hospital stay; and Koval scores were also recorded and analyzed with respect to the psoas muscle area/volume. Results: The psoas muscle volume and adjusted values were significantly correlated with ASM; which showed a stronger correlation than the psoas muscle area did at the L3 or L4 level. HS was correlated with the psoas volume or adjusted values; but not with the cross-sectional area of the psoas muscle. Among the adjusted values; the psoas muscle volume adjusted for the patient’s height (m2) showed a strongest correlation with ASM and HS. The psoas muscle volume was not significantly correlated with postoperative complications or short-term functional outcomes. Conclusions: The psoas muscle volume measured from a pelvic CT for the diagnosis of hip fractures showed a stronger correlation with ASM and HS than the cross-sectional area did. Therefore; the psoas muscle volume could be a potential diagnostic tool to assess the quantity of the skeletal muscle in patients with hip fractures without an additional examination.

scholarly journals The Muscle Cross-sectional Area on MRI of the Shoulder Can Predict Muscle Volume

2020 ◽  
Vol 478 (4) ◽  
pp. 871-883
Author(s):  
Heath B. Henninger ◽  
Garrett V. Christensen ◽  
Carolyn E. Taylor ◽  
Jun Kawakami ◽  
Bradley S. Hillyard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Muscle Volume ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Muscle Cross Sectional Area
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